Wane ne Freemasons?

Ba da dadewa, jama'a ya zama sane da wanzuwar gefen kungiyar na Freemasons, aiki fiye da daya karni. Mene ne a kungiyar? Wane ne Freemasons? Menene burin su bi? Tambayoyi a kan wannan batu za a iya dubun. Mu yi kokarin amsa mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu.

Ta yaya Freemasonry?

Wannan yunkuri na wani addini-da'a hali, ya samo asali a Ingila a cikin 18th karni, kuma daga baya ya yadu zuwa Amurka, Indiya da kuma kasashen Turai. Wannan rukunan united mutane a cikin kauna ta hanyar soyayya, juna taimako da kuma daidaito. An yi imani da cewa Freemasonry - wannan lambar yabo, kamar yadda wakiltar wani tsari jama'a na mutane.

A 1717 a Ingila halitta "Grand Lodge" - shimfiɗar jariri, da 'yan'uwantaka. Yana kulawa duk kungiyoyin na Masonic al'umma, dake a} asashe dabam daban. Shekaru shida baya, Dzheyms Anderson, mai wa'azi daga London, Halicci "Littafi na Rules", ma'ana ainihin dokoki na gudanarwa domin mambobi ne na kungiyar. A cewar ta Mason dole ne ka zama mai ikon fassara Mafarki kuma freethinker, ya aka ba a yarda ya shiga cikin siyasa. Ya kamata da cikakken goyon baya da na yanzu gwamnati.

Wane ne Freemasons?

A jam'iyya ya samu m shahararsa a bourgeois da'irori, sau da yawa ta members zama shahararren Thinkers na lokaci. A tsawon lokaci, Freemasonry samu aristocratic hali, musamman wannan Trend ne bayyanannu a cikin kasashen Turai. Wane ne Freemasons? Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suke neman girma cikin ruhaniya da kuma halin kirki kai-kyautata a cikin tsarin na wasu ka'idoji da kuma imani.

Da darajõji daga cikin tsari lambobin irin shahararrun mutane a matsayin Prussian Frederick II kuma III, Gustav monarch Swedish III, British lashe kawunansu. Daga cikin Masons kasance wasu Amurka shugabannin (Washington, Truman et al.), Jami'an Gwamnatin (Churchill), shahararrun maganan falsafa, marubuta da kuma composers (Goethe, Haydn, Voltaire, Mozart).

Menene burin sa a gaban Order?

Su burin - don yi duk mai yiwuwa don qualitatively inganta duniya.

Kungiyar kanta a 'yan adawa ga halin yanzu coci. Yana nema ya haifar da wani sirrin jama'a wanda mambobi ana sõyayya da dangantaka da fraternal addini, live da aikin daidai da nufin manufofin.

Domin ba ya neman maye gurbin addini, bai buga tauhidin ayyukansu. A jama'a tarurruka ne tsananin haramta tattaunawa a kan addini jigogi. Tare da duk wannan imani da Allah - tushen Usul da koyarwarsa.

Ayyukan 'yan'uwantaka

Bayan aikatã game da wannan tambaya da wanda da magina, da ba a ambaci babban shugabanci na ayyukan. Members na jama'a suna tsunduma cikin sadaka, da suka tsunduma a taimaka, amma shi ba ya tallata kanta.

matsayi

Wakilan na kungiyar ake hada a kan wani yankin akai, kafa kananan akwatin na 40-50 mutane. Tsakanin su sai su kira juna 'yan'uwa. Na oda duk kungiyoyin tare samar da Grand Lodge. Ta kai da kuma shugaban babban master ko grandmaster. Yawancin lokaci akwai wani Grand Lodge a kowace kasa.

The mafi ƙasƙanci matakin a matsayi na Order - da almajiri. Wannan ne bi da wani almajiri, bi da maigida, da kuma, a karshe, babban master.

Rasha Masons

Wadanda suka kafa na Order a Rasha an dauke su Sarkin Bitrus da sahabbansa. A forties na 18th karni, Janar John Keith dama lodges aka shirya, da farko 'yan da suke kasashen waje. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, yawan Rasha bourgeoisie, wakiltar Order of Freemasons, ya karu da yawa.

A 1822, da umarnin Alexander I lodges aka rufe. A farkon karni na 20th motsi Masons farfado a Rasha, amma a karkashin wani sabon sunan - "Grand Orient de France," kuma yana da pronounced siyasa hali. Tun 1917 da ya kwana da kuma aka dakatar gaba ɗaya.