Wadanda sama - Count ko Duke? Abin da ke bambanta da yarima daga Count?

Ci gaba a fasahar kan sosai short lokaci canza mu duniya. Mutane da yawa daga cikin matsalolin da suke a Vogue da shekara ɗari da suka wuce, a yau ne abu da suka gabata. Alal misali, a kan tambaya: "Wãne ne mafi - Count ko Duke," kakanninmu zai amsa ba tare da jinkirin.

Duk da haka, da yawa daga cikin mu, ya iya sa a makafi titi. Lalle ne, mazaunan XXI karni ne ba abin mamaki ba don samun ɓace a cikin suna na nobility, kuma ma fiye da haka don bayyana bambanci tsakanin wani basarake daga Count.

A bayyanar kadarori nobility

A ginin zamantakewa na al'umma na da aka tsananin kayyade. Kowane mutum daga haihuwa dauki shi a wani mataki, da kuma mi} a mulki daga wanda aji zuwa wani ya kusan ba zai yiwu. A lokaci guda, a tsakiyar zamanai, akwai wani zaman matsayi, wanda kayyade hanyar rayuwa da kuma dangantaka a cikin azuzuwan.

The nobility bayyana a Turai a kan aiwatar da samuwar feudalism, idan akwai bukatar streamline da dangantaka tsakanin sarakuna da kuma su vassals. A karshe wajibi ne don kare moriyar da rai na mulkin gargajiya ubangijina daga wanda suka samu a cikin mallaki flax. Saboda haka, na da mutum - jarumi, shirya a kira na suzerain shiga sojojinsa.

A tsawon lokaci, da canza huldar cinikaiya a cikin al'umma, kuma da shi da rawar da nobility. Alal misali, wani jadawali - mai suna wanda nufi a cikin farkon tsakiyar zamanai manyan mulkin gargajiya m, located cikakken ikon a cikin County. Duk da haka, bayan da samuwar Karkasa jihohi a ta mallaki nuna a mere m ga mafi girma nobility - nobility.

Mai taken shugabannin na da Turai

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, kowane aji na da wani m matsayi tsarin. Saboda haka, nobility ya kasu kashi kakanninmu da kuma koka, kazalika da taken ba da ciwon sunayen sarauta. A karshe kungiyar a duk ƙasashe su ne mafi yawa.

Social akidar tribal nobility aka ƙaddara da gaskiya haihuwa a wani daraja iyali, yayin da patents na zama wani ɓangare na galihu aji saboda sirri abin yabo ko marar lahani jama'a sabis.

Mai taken manyansu sun kasance a saman matsayi dala, na biyu kawai ga gentility wadanada da kuma mambobi ne na sarauta iyali. Shugabanninmu, da shugabannai, kirga, marquises, barons, viscounts sun mulkin gargajiya aristocracy a na da yammacin Turai.

Amma sarkin - mai suna cewa ne, yafi amfani a daraja estate na Slavic jihohi. Mafi muhimmanci wasan Yammacin Turai yarima ko shugaba.

Asalin daraja lakabi

Bayan shekaru da dama yanzu ba shi yiwuwa a ce yaƙĩni lokacin da da kuma yadda suka lakabi na girmamawa na nobility. Misali wani jadawali - mai suna cewa masu bincike sun nasaba da Latin kalma zo. Saboda haka a cikin marigayi Roman Empire shi aka kira da mafi jihar manyanmu. Yau, a cikin harsunan Rum, wannan lakabi aka rubuta a matsayin Conte (Italian), Conde (Spanish) da kuma comte (French).

A kabilan Franks a farkon tsakiyar zamanai da kirga kira shugabannin kauyen al'umma. Da dama ƙarni daga baya, a zamanin mulkin Charles cikin m, su mallakar da take yi, tare da dama na gudanar da fara da za a gaji.

Slavic sarakuna tun asalinsu da shugabannin kabilai, da kuma kawai bayan ƙarni na wannan lakabi na girmamawa zama a hade da haihuwa, manajan wani ƙasa, wanda yana da hakkin ya mallaki, sun gaji.

Ta haka, ku lura da wani abu a cikin kowa a cikin suna daga "Prince" da "Count". A bambanci da farko mafi Gwargwadon. A yammacin Turai, don amfani da kalmar count, yayin da a gabashi da Central - Prince. Kawai da lokacin wadannan lakabobi samu wani ma'anar.

Petrine Table of Ranks

Rasha nobility aka kafa a cikin XII karni a kan tushen da serfs a cikin sabis na boyars da sarakuna. Suka yi daban-daban shari'a da administrative ayyuka, tare da wajibi don yin aikin soja a cikin prince sojojin.

Peter na a yaki da Generic Boyar aristocracy buga sabon sunayen sarauta na nobility, aro daga yammacin Turai. Saboda haka, a cikin XVIII karni a Rasha, tare da sarakuna bayyana kirga kuma barons. Wadannan da sauran sababbin abubuwa da aka rubuta a cikin Table of Ranks - jerin ƙungiyoyin, kotun da kuma jami'an sojan.

Sai da na ɗauki wani lokaci, har sai da batutuwa na Rasha autocrat fahimtar sabon matsayi tsarin da kuma iya fahimta wanda shi ne mafi girma - Count ko Duke. Last suna wanzu a Rasha dogon lokaci, da kuma lokacin mulkin Peter Na 47 ya'yan sarakuna iyalai a Rasha.

Grant na lakabi na girmamawa

Bitrus ya gyãra kawo karshen aristocratic matsayi, wanda ya ginu ne kan gentility. Tun wannan lokacin, da sarakunan iya zama ba kawai zuriyar Rurik da Gediminas. Tadawa da yarima ko count ta mutunci yanzu dogara nufin sarki.

A farko a Rasha, kafin tallafi na da Table of Ranks, samu da lakabi na Count Boris Sheremetyev - Field Marshal kuma aboki Petra Velikogo. Duk da haka, ba duka mãsu mayẽwa daga mai kyautatãwa sarki kariminci ni'imta sabon sunayen sarauta. Catherine II dagagge zuwa ga Count ta girma, yafi su fi so.

Domin sabon aikin da aka amfani da magani na musamman: Mai Martaba, ka ya dade. Abin lura shi ne cewa shugabanni na XVIII karni. Mun ba dadin da irin wannan gata. Domin wannan dalili ne, tambaya: "Wãne ne mafi - Count ko Duke" Rasha bafadan a lokacin, mafi m, dã sun ce: "The Count". A na gaba karni wannan lakabi aka shirya yafi ministocin ko waɗanda suka yi a baya an bayar da Order Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Mene ne daban-daban daga Prince of Count

A cikin XIX karni, da sarakuna ba yawa. A kan sabon lambar yabo. Saboda haka, nan da karshen karni a Rasha akwai 310 ya'yan sarakuna haihuwa da kuma 250 sarakuna. A kwarai lokuta, daya mutum da aka yarda a yi mahara sunayen sarauta. Alal misali, Suvorov V. invaluable ga Service ga Fatherland da aka gina a cikin Count, da kuma 'ya'yan sarakuna girma.

Saboda haka, wanda ke faruwa - Count ko Duke? A takaice, na karshe daga cikin mariƙin suna tsaya a matsayi a cikin mataki a sama. Prince iya zama daya kawai wanda ya riga an dagagge zuwa ga Count ta mutunci.

Wannan Jihar harkokin kasance hankula ba kawai ga Rasha nobility. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a Yammacin Turai da 'ya'yan sarakuna suna daidaita da lakabi na shugaba ko basarake, wanda shagaltar da mafi rung a kan tsani aristocratic.