Virgin icon. Icon "taushi" na Albarka Virgin. banmamaki icon

Image na Virgin - mafi girmamawa tsakanin Kirista. Amma musamman son shi a Rasha. A XII karni da aka kafa wani sabon coci hutu - Kariya daga cikin Virgin. Icon da ta kama ya zama babban haramin da yawa Ibada. The Albarka Virgin an gani kamar ya zama majiɓinci, kuma m na Rasha. Novgorod icon na Uwar Allah "taushi" shi ne kwafin da image na Byzantine, rubuta a karshen wannan karni.

A XIV karni Moscow karshe ya zama cibiyar Orthodoxy a Rasha, da kuma Cathedral na ɗauka a lokacin da aka mai suna "House na Virgin."

Asalin da iconography

A hoton farko na Our Lady of masana tarihi nema farkon mu zamanin. A catacombs Priskily jigogi da hotuna na Virgin an gano cewa, kwanan baya zuwa II karni. The images of da Albarka Virgin a alfijir na Kristanci, aka amfani da kwantena ƙona turare. Irin wannan ampoules, ado da Littafi Mai Tsarki al'amuran da aka gabatar game da 600, Sarauniya na Lombards Theodelinda.

A farko fitar da Albarka Virgin

A cikin shekara ta 431 Council of Afisa amince ga Maria tutur dama da za a kira da Uwar Allah. Bayan wannan girma taron ya bayyana icon na Virgin a cikin saba nau'i a gare mu. Yana tsira da dama images na zamani. Su Virgin Mary sau da yawa ya bayyana a zaune a kan kursiyin sarauta da rike da wata baby.

Hoton na Uwar Allah ake samu a cikin farkon mosaics cewa ƙawata tsohon haikalin. Don wadanda sun hada da:

• Roman coci Santa Madzhore (kwanan rana dawo V karni).

• VII karni coci na Panagia Angeloktisti located in Cyprus.

Amma painters daga Konstantinoful iya ba da wannan hoton na musamman jituwa. Church of St. Sophia ne domin ta shahara mosaics IX-XII ƙarni a wanda akwai daban-daban na cikin iconography na Virgin. Rum - da haifuwa daga cikin manyan siffofin da Albarka Virgin. Daya daga wadannan gumaka da aka kawo Rasha. Daga baya, ta mai suna Vladimir kuma ya zama nasa tarihin na Rasha Orthodox iconography. Novgorod icon na Uwar Allah "taushi" ne, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, kwafi na Byzantine image.

Iri Marian icons

A ware iconography 4 babban hoto kungiyar Pure budurwa ta babban dabara:

• "Sanin" (a truncated version aka kira "Orans"). Wannan iconographic irin aka dauke mafi cikakken tare da tauhidin ciki. Babban taken nan - cikin jiki ya zama.

• "Hodegetria", wanda aka fassara daga Girkanci nufin "Putevoditelnitsa".

• "Taushi" - da sunan daga Girkanci "Eleousa" ( "rahama").

• A karo na hudu irin aka conventionally kira Akafistnym. Ainihin ra'ayin icons - da tasbihinsa na Uwar Allah. Wadannan hotunan ne sosai bambancin.

A iconographic irin "Masani"

A wannan kungiyar recensions Mai Tsarki Virgin, ya nuna da yin addu'a. Wakilta wani cikakken tsawon ko kugu-zurfi. A ƙirji na Uwar Kristi medallion da siffar da ba a haifa ba mai ceto. Icon na wani addu'a Virgin alama ce da budurwa haifi Kristi, hadin kai na uwar da na Ruhu Mai Child. Wannan irin hada Oranta Yaroslavl, Kursk Akidar, Novgorod "The Shu'umcinku". Oranta - mai sauki version na gumaka a kan abin da Virgin aka wakilta ba tare da jariri da kuma wata alama ce da coci.

Iconography "Hodegetria"

A sosai na kowa da irin Marian images. Irin wannan gumaka na Virgin kuma Child farin da ra'ayin cewa Uwar Allah take kaiwa da mu zuwa ga ĩmãni, zuwa ga Kristi. A Virgin ne bayyana frontally oplechno ko a sau, wani lokacin a cike view. A daya hannun ta riqe da jariri, da kuma sauran batutuwa da Yesu. Wannan karimcin yana da zurfi ma'ana. Virgin nuna kamar gaskiya hanya - don Allah, su zuwa ga ĩmãni.

Almasihu da daya hannun ya albarkaci uwa, da kuma tare da ita, da dukan masu aminci. A wasu - rike da wani littafin, kumbura, ko rushe littafin. A kalla - sarari suKe da sandan. Mafi shahara icon na Virgin na da irin wannan: Smolensk, Iver, Tikhvin, Bitrus, Kazan.

A iconography na Virgin "taushi"

Wadannan hotunan - mafi lyrical daga waɗanda, wanda ya siffanta da Uwar Allah da baby, hugging ta wuyansa. Images na uwa da yaro - wata alama ce da Almasihu da kuma Church of Almasihu.

A bambancin da irin wannan - "Vzygranie". Ga jaririn da aka rubuta a cikin free matsayi, tare da daya hannun ya shãfi fuskar Virgin.

A cikin wadannan hotuna Maryama, wata alama ce ba kawai na mata amma na rai kusa da Allah. Mutual touch fuskoki biyu - shi ne Almasihu, da kuma Ikilisiyar Almasihu, da hadin kai na duniya da kuma na sama.

Akwai wani iri-iri irin wannan - "Milkgiver". Waɗannan alamu na Virgin nono-feed jarirai. Saboda haka warin dace da m abubuwan gina jiki daga cikin aminci.

Volokolamskaya, Vladimir, Yaroslavl gumaka na Virgin ne na irin wannan hotuna na alfarma image.

"Akafistnye" icon na Virgin

Images of irin wannan yawanci kawo fasali na wani asali, amma suna da ƙarin bayani da kuma cikakken bayani. Wadannan iconography hada da irin gumaka a matsayin "Burning Bush," Our Lady - "Life-bada Spring", Our Lady - "Dutsen Nerukosechnaya".

Ostrabramskaya-Wilensky, "Softener na cũta Hearts" - a rare icon na Virgin, a cikin abin da ta ne wanda aka nuna ba tare da jaririn. Yawancin lokaci suna kuma kira a matsayin "Akafistnym". Daya daga cikinsu, Serafim Diveevo icon "taushi" na Albarka Virgin Mary, da aka fi so hanya Serafima Sarovskogo, canonized bayan mutuwar wani saint. Firist kansa ya kira shi "Joy dukkan murna" da kuma amfani domin waraka je masa taimako. Kuma a sa'an nan ya sulale zuwa wani duniya a gaban wannan fuska.

Canons na iconography na Our Lady, da harafin darajar

A cewar Orthodox hadisin, yin amfani da irin wannan abubuwa ga image na Virgin na rigunansu: blue zilaikar, a blue hula da kuma ceri allon a kai, in ba haka ba da aka sani da "mafory". Kowane abu yana da ma'anar. Uku zinariya taurari a alkyabbar - wani sau uku alama ce daga cikin m ganewa, haihuwa da mutuwa, a kan gẽfe daga shi - da wata ãyã daga tasbĩhinsu. hukumar da kanta wakiltar mata, na Allah ne, da blue color of tufafin - budurci.

Known lokuta na take hakkin hadisai. Wannan da ake amfani da painters mu haskaka wasu siffofin. Alal misali, in jaddada mutunci, Budurci na Uwar Allah, Zagayawar ta a blue dress. Virgin Akhtyrskaya - irin bambance-bambancen.

Rubutu ba tare da alkyabbar Albarka Virgin kuma dauke da wani take hakkin coci canons.

The Orthodox dokoki, ko da wani kambi, da wata ãyã daga mulki, su nuna saman jirgin. Saboda haka Novodvorskaja rubuta icons, Holmovskaya. A kambi a kan shugaban na Virgin zo zuwa Eastern Kirista iconography na Yammacin Turai, da farkon images of da shugaban na Virgin Mary rufe kawai mafory.

Rasha hadisai a cikin iconography na Uwar Allah

Image na Virgin a kan kursiyin, shi ne mafi kowa daga cikin Italo-Greek images. Rubuta sarauniyar sama, a zaune a kan kursiyin sarauta da ko wani cikakken tsawon, a Rasha da shi ne yafi amfani a manyan sikelin-qagaggun: a cikin frescoes ko iconostasis.

Iconographers yawa mafi ƙaunar ko kugu oplechnoe image na sarauniyar sama. Kamar wancan ne aka halicce su dama a fili da kuma rufe su da zuciya. Wannan zai iya fi mayar da za a bayyana ta da musamman rawar da gumaka a Rasha: shi, da kuma abokin tarayya a cikin rayuwar duniya, kuma shrine da ɗakin sujada hanyar da iyali dabi'u wuce sauka daga tsara zuwa tsara. Ba abin mamaki da mutane na Virgin an gani kamar wani mai cẽto, wanda za a iya yi laushi da fushin Munin Alkalin. Kuma mazan image da kuma "namolennye", da karin karfin da shi yana.

A manyan yawan gumaka a cikin gidajen muminai da majami'u - rarrabe da Rasha ƙasar. Mutane da yawa images of da Theotokos aka dauke banmamaki, kamar yadda ya tabbatar da haka da yawa shaidarsu.

Our Lady - mai shaida, kuma takara na Rasha tarihi

Mutane da yawa ƙarni bi da Rasha tarihi na icon na Virgin, da darajar da ba za a overestimated. Daya kananan misali - gunki na St. Theodore:

• A 1239, wannan hanya na Prince Yaroslav albarka dansa Alexander aure Princess Paraskevnoy. Wannan icon yana tare Alexander a dukan soja yakin. Daga baya, kafin wannan fuska na Our Lady of Saint Alexander ya zama m.

• A 1613, kafin wannan hanya Mikhail Romanov ga mulkin Zemsky Sobor, sai ya ɗauki kursiyin. Theodore Uwar Allah halarta da alkawuransu na aminci na Rasha, ta mutane da kuma Orthodox Church.

• A cikin XVIII karni, duk da sarauta iyali mambobi ana buƙatar su zo da wuta a kan baka ga dama da banmamaki, wanda ya fara da tarihin Romanov daular.

Musamman ambaci dole ne a sanya Vladimir Icon na Uwar Allah, gabatar da Rasha sarki na Konstantinoful Luka Hrizovergom a XII karni. A cewar labari, da addu'a kafin wannan image fiye da sau daya ajiye Moscow daga invaders.

A mu'ujiza-aiki ikon da Uwar Allah icon

Mutane da yawa daga cikin hotunan da albarka Virgin Mary dauke banmamaki. Su rabuwa daga cikin rayuwar Kirista. Suna zaune tare da mutane da kuma taimakawa a matsaloli.

Wasu Moscow mu'ujiza-aiki icon na Virgin:

1. Vladimir adana a cikin coci na St. Nicholas. An yi imani da cewa shi ne sau uku kare Rasha daga maƙiya. Saboda Orthodox tasbĩhi wannan icon sau 3 a shekara: a watan Yuni, Yuli da watan Satumba.

2. Tikhvin icon "taushi" na Albarka Virgin Mary cewa adorns haikalin da wannan sunan a Moscow. A 1941, da jirgin sama tare da wannan hanya sau uku circled babban birnin kasar, bayan da farkisanci hari a kan birnin da aka tsaya. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa wannan coci da aka ba a rufe har a Soviet sau.

3. Icon na Virgin "Mai jin ƙai", da haramin da ganewa Convent cewa ya ba mutane da yawa mata da farin ciki na mata.

"Hallaka" Iver Uwar Allah "soothe My baƙin" - kawai ɓangare na banmamaki image na Moscow sarauniyar sama. Ba shi yiwuwa ko da ƙidãya su yadda da yawa daga cikinsu a kan sararin ƙasa na Rasha.

Wonderworking Kazan Icon na Uwar Allah

Wannan hoton ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Kazan Icon na Uwar Allah ya nuna ga mu'ujiza yana ta bayyana, a 1579 bayan da babbar wuta a cikin birnin, a lokacin da shi da aka samu daga toka cikakken ba fama da wuta.

Wurare da dama a warkar da marasa lafiya, taimako a cikin al'amuran gabatar da aminci recension. Amma mafi muhimmanci mu'ujizai da wannan icon ake dangantawa da Rasha Kirista tsaro na fatherland daga waje invaders.

Tuni a cikin tsakiyar karni XVII Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich da umarnin kafa a cikin girmamawa ta kasar hutu. Haka ya faru bayan da nasara haihuwa na wani mataimaki ga Rasha kursiyin a lokacin wani vespers sabis girmama na Kazan Uwar Allah. Wannan icon aka gani a matsayin majiɓinci, daga gidan sarauta, da daular.

Kwamandan Kutuzov, za fagen yakin duniya na II, a 1812, durƙusa a gaban shrine kuma ya nemi ta cẽto. Bayan nasara a kan Napoleon, ya prepodnos a kyauta Kazan Cathedral kome dauke daga Faransa azurfa.

Mur-streaming bauta images of da Uwar Allah

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan mu'jizai hade tare da gumaka. Shi ne har yanzu ba a sami wani bayani ga me yawo mur gumaka. Amma shi ko da yaushe ya faru a kan Hauwa'u na da masifu a matsayin tunatarwa na mutum zunubansu da kuma bukatar tuba. Menene wannan sabon abu? A cikin hotunan bayyana m ruwa reminiscent na mur. Daidaito da kuma ta launi iya zama daban-daban - daga m zuwa Dew danko sosai duhu guduro. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa ba kawai yawo mur images rubuta a kan itacen. Wannan ya faru tare da murals, hotuna, karfe gumaka da ko da photocopies.

Kuma yanzu akwai irin wannan al'ajiban. Da dama dozin Tiraspol icons fara jera mur a cikin lokaci daga 2004 zuwa 2008. Da shi shi ne Ubangiji ta gargadi na jini events na Beslan, Georgia, da Orange Revolution a Ukraine.

Daya daga cikin wadannan hotunan, "Bakwai Arrows" icon na Uwar Allah (wani sunan - "Softener na cũta Hearts"), ya fara yawon mur a watan Mayu 1998. Wannan mu'ujiza ya ci gaba da wannan rana.

A kan kariya daga gidan - Mai Tsarki Uwar Allah

Icon na Uwar Allah yana daure a yi a cikin gidan wani mumini wanda ya kula game da aminci daga gidajensu.

An yi imani da cewa salla a gaban ta fuskar kare dukkan mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin gidan, a cikin jiki da kuma ruhaniya hankalta. Tun zamanin da, al'ada ce a sanya a kan ƙofar kofa ga gidan icon na Virgin kuma tambaye ta kariya da kuma goyon baya. A mafi fi so Theotokos dama: Iver, Bakwai Arrows, "Hurumi bango", "Burning Bush" da kuma wasu wasu. A total akwai fiye da 860 sunayen Uwar Allah. Ka tuna duk su ne ba zai yiwu ba, kuma ba dole ba. Zabar addu'a, yana da muhimmanci a saurari zuciya da kuma bi ta shawara.

Ba kawai talakawa muminai, amma sarki da ake girmamawa, icon na Virgin. Photo dauka a cikin gida mai dakuna na sarki Alexander, ya tabbatar da wannan.

Icon na Virgin kuma Child ba da consolation a baƙin ciki, 'yanci daga cuta, m m kawai wadanda salla ne m, kuma mabuwayi bangaskiya. Babban abu ne don shigar da kara a Albarka Virgin zo daga tsarkakakkiyar zuciya, da nufi kasance mai kyau.

A tasbihinsa na Uwar Allah

Universal soyayya ai wannan mai tsarki image aka nuna a cikin manyan yawan coci idodi a ta girmamawa. A kusan kowane wata na shekara akwai irin wannan rana, da kuma wani lokacin dama. Game da 260 banmamaki Marian images aka ambata a cikin Rasha Orthodox kalanda.

Muhimmanci Orthodox hutu - Ceto na Uwar Allah - ya zama batu na wannan sunan gumaka. A cikin wadannan recensions Virgin Mary ne wanda aka nuna a full girma. A hannunsa a gaban shi ta rike rufe da siffar Almasihu, ko ba. -Found a karshen XX karni na Port Arthur Icon na "solemnity Maryama," ya zama wata alama ta ruhaniya Tarurrukan na Rasha da kuma tunatarwa game da muhimmancin da image a cikin tarihin kasar. Ta ƙara ranked a cikin mafi waliyai Rasha gumaka.