Vilna lardin - daya daga cikin shafukan da na kasa da tarihin

Vilna lardin tare da mutane fiye da rabin miliyan mutane, da kuma ƙofar da zarar Rasha Empire matsayin mai zaman kanta administrative naúrar, ya zama wani abu da suka gabata. Yau da karkararta da aka raba tsakanin Belarus da kuma Lithuania, da kuma babban birni na Vilna, canza sunan, ya zama sananne a kusa da Vilnius.

Lardin, kafa da umarnin Catherine II

Bayan da 1794 tawaye ƙare tare da shan kashi na Dogayen sanda karkashin jagorancin Kosciuszko, da Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuanian jihar karshe an narkar. A shekara daga baya, Rasha, Austria da kuma Prussia yarjejeniya, bisa ga abin da kowane daga cikinsu koma baya na ya balle yankin na Commonwealth. Wannan harka zo da za a da aka sani da "Uku bangare na Poland."

Bisa ga daftarin aiki, da Rasha Empire tsiwirwirinsu mallaki ƙasar ne gabashin Bug da iyaka line na Grodno - Nemiroff, a total yanki na mutum ɗari da ashirin da dubu murabba'in kilomita. A shekara daga baya, umurnin Empress Catherine II a kan su Vilna lardin aka kafa, wanda shi ne tsakiyar birnin na Vilna (yanzu Vilnius).

M hira Vilnius lardin

Tun lokacin da samuwar lardin ya kasu kashi goma sha gundumomi: Shavelsky, Troki, Rossiensky, Kovno, Vilkomirsky, Braslavsky, Upite, Telshevsky, Ašmiany, Zavileysky da Vilna. Duk da haka, Paul na, wanda ya dauki kursiyin a 1796, ya fara zamanin mulkinsa tare da jerin administrative da kuma yankin tattalin arzikin, musamman, da kuma sabuwar kafa lardin.

Bisa ga umurnin Disamba 12, 1796, Vilna lardin aka sõyayya da Slonimsky vicegerency, kawo a kan taswira na Rasha a cikin wadanda shekaru akwai wani Lithuanian lardin, da administrative cibiyar na wanda ya ci gaba da zama a birnin Vilnius.

Wannan sabuwar kafa administrative yankin mahaluži dade kawai shekaru biyar bayan Accession zuwa kursiyin Alexander I aka sake rarraba su zuwa da baya zarcewa da m ƙasa. Tsohon Slonim lardin zama gaba a kira Grodno, kuma Vilna har 1840 da aka kira da Lithuanian-Vilna.

Last pre-neman sauyi redistribution na lardin

Last lokaci Vilna lardin na Rasha Empire canja da siffar a kan taswira a 1843, a zamanin mulkin Nicholas I. bakwai kananan hukumomi na mata a baya - Novoaleksandrovsky, Vilkomirsky, Shavelsky, Kovno, Rossiensky, Telshevsky da Panevezys - aka ware a raba batun na Tarayya da kuma kafa Kovno lardi.

Saboda haka, ta size aka rage muhimmanci, kuma har ta kauda tashe a 1920 Vilna lardin kunshi Troki, Oshmiany, Sventsiany da Vilna gundumomi. Su ma shiga Grodno da Minsk larduna da na Disna, Vileyka da Leeds kananan hukumomi.

Girman kuma abun da ke ciki na yawan na lardin

A cikin 1897 janar ƙidaya aka za'ayi a Rasha, sakamakon wanda taimaka mana mu yi hukunci da wanda a wancan lokaci aka zaune Vilna lardin. List of kwaminonin wanda za su gudanar da lissafin rayuwa persons rufe dukkan na da karkararta ƙarshen XIX karni.

Bisa ga kiyaye data, jimlar yawan da aka 1.591.308, wanda 52,2% sun Belarusians, Lithuania - 13.7%, Yahudawa - 17,1%, Dogayen sanda - 12.4% Rasha, da kuma kawai 4.7%. Haka kuma an san da rabo daga kungiyoyin bisa ga addini. Lissafta ga mafi yawan Katolika - 58.7% daga cikinsu sun kasance Orthodox - 27,8% daga cikin Yahudawa, akwai game da 12.8%. Saboda haka wani abu kamar wannan ko duba a karshe shekarun da suka gabata na XIX karni Vilna lardin.

The nobility, kazalika da wani gagarumin wani ɓangare na talakawa} zaune a kan karkararta, bai yarda da juyin juya halin da kuma a lokacin yakin basasa, da goyan bayan da fadar White motsi, ka sa kanka a cikin wuri na abokan adawar na Soviet tsarin mulki. Duk da haka, wani gagarumin tasiri a kan hanya na tarihi ba su iya ba.

A abolition na lardin da kuma wani ɓangare na da ƙasa

A 1920, a karshen rikicin makamai tsakanin Rasha, Belarus da Ukraine a hannu daya, da kuma Poland, a kan wasu, shi ya sanya hannu a yarjejeniya da su. Bisa ga wannan daftarin aiki, hannu Maris 18, 1921 a Riga, Vilna lardin daina wanzuwa matsayin mai zaman kanta administrative naúrar.

A karshe batu na i ta aka kafa a watan Oktoba 1939, a lokacin da, kyalewa da ra'ayi daga cikin Belarushiyanci gwamnati, jagorancin tarayyar Soviet, birnin Vilnius da Wilno yanki da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Lithuania na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyar. Wannan yarjejeniya ta tanadi domin da hakkin ya shiga ashirin dubu Soviet sojojin a kan ƙasa na Lithuania. Tun daga nan, ya zama babban birnin na Jamhuriyar Lithuania, wanda aka baya kafa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, birnin canza ta tsohon sunan Vilnius.