"Varyag" - jirgin sama m. Description, halaye, da hotuna

Aircraft dako - da majestic jirãge cewa alamar soja ikon jihar. Yau muka dubi nauyi jirgin sama-dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja "Varyag", lãbãrin wanda ya sosai ban sha'awa da kuma m. Created da jirgi a cikin tarayyar Soviet, gama ginin a cikin Ukraine, da kuma a yanzu tsaye a kan Sin da makamai. Yanzu, da farko abubuwan da farko. Bari mu fara da tarihin jirgin.

Fara na yi

"11435" Disamba 4, 1985 Black Sea masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa kaddamar da jirgin ruwa na soja shugaban aikin. Wõfintattu slipway (dandali yi) ya tsaya komai domin dogon - nan ya aza kamar jirgin sama m (nauyi jirgin ruwa na soja-m). Wannan jirgin da aka mai suna "Riga". Ba kamar da shugaban jirgin ruwa na soja gina domin Northern jiragen ruwa, da sabon jirgin sama m shirye a kan yin amfani da Pacific jiragen ruwa. Yana da aka gina don wannan zane a matsayin cewa na shugaban model, da cikakken suna da wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, sauti kamar "Tarayyar Soviet jiragen ruwa Admiral Kuznetsov". Duk da haka, akwai wasu da sabawa. Cif daga gare su - da sauyawa daga rediyo-lantarki hadaddun zuwa more zamani.

ƙaddamar

Nuwamba 25, 1988 "Riga" da aka kaddamar. Yana da ninkaya yi aka kammala ya kamata. Yuni 19, 1990 a jirgin samu wani sabon sunan - "Varyag". Aircraft m gina quite hanzari, kiyaye up tare da jadawalin. Duk da haka, a cikin marigayi 1991, lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet fara sashe, yi ya tsaya. A shekarar 1992, a lokacin da jirgin ya shirye domin 68% na mothballed. Babu Rasha kuma Ukraine bai iya ci gaba da kudade domin aikin. Haka kuma, shi ne ba ma iya ajiye. Lokacin shafe ta da kariya daga jirgin, da kayan aiki ya fara washe a 1993.

sale

Don jirgin kawo a kalla wasu amfãnõni, shi ya yanke shawarar zuwa sayar domin ya da. A 1997 na duniya m aka sanar. A mafi farashin - $ 20 miliyan -. An samarwa tafiya kamfanin, tushen a cikin Portuguese mallaka na Macao. A watan Maris shekara ta gaba, da jirgin ruwa na soja shiga a kuma dashi. A cewar kamfanin zuwa, da za ta amfani da babbar ƙwanso da jirgin ruwa don ƙirƙirar wani iyo nisha cibiyar. Yana daga baya ya haifar da kamfanin gunki. Kuma ta Macau mallaka nasa ne Portugal a matsayin aro har zuwa karshen 1999. Kamar wancan, to date, Mun sani, mun ga wasu cewa ainihin "Varyag" Masu amfani da sun zama Sin sojojin ruwa.

Towing jirgin ruwa

Don jawowa da irin wannan babban jirgin ta uku teku, shi ya ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo da kuma kudi. A hanya da aka wuya da cewa jirgin ya ba a shigar propulsion da kuma kula da tsarin. Jirãge daga shuka kawo Yuni 2000. Saboda matsaloli tare da Baturke mahukuntan ja da jirgin zauna a cikin Black Sea har Nuwamba 2001. A cikin Aegean Sea da jirgin kama a wani hadari da kuma karya daga Tug. Bayan wani lokaci, sun sake saduwa a jinkirta, kuma Jirgin ya tafi kusa da Afirka via Gibraltar. Sa'an nan kuma, ta hanyar da tekun Indiya da Singapore, ya kasance a cikin tekun kudancin China. Maris 3, 2002, ya sanya hanyar 15,000 mil, "Varyag" da aka moored a Sin tashar jiragen ruwa na Dalian.

A m rabo

Tun lokacin da jirgin da aka sayar a matsayin ya da karfe, da cewa ba su hada da wani daga cikin zane da kuma yi takardun. Saboda haka, har shekara uku, Sin injiniyoyi sun yi karatu shi. A 2005, ya fara aiki a kan maimaitawa da kuma kammala da jirgin "Varyag". Aircraft m, bisa ga na farko data, ya kamata ya zama wani horo jirgin ga matasa direbobi. Unofficially, shi ya bayyana cewa, "Varyag" za a sake masa suna ba "Shi Lang", a cikin girmamawa ga sojan ruwa kwamandan, wanda a 1681 nasara tsibirin Taiwan.

Gamawa da kuma maimaitawa

"Varyag" Soviet jirgin sama m aka sanya sosai high quality. A lokacin rago lokaci, ya aka rufe da lalata, amma babban sassa (jiki, datsa, sukurori da boilers) an kiyaye su a cikin mai kyau yanayin. Igiyoyi, lantarki da kayan aiki, da kuma wani abu da za a iya sata, aka kwashe da jirgin yayin da aka adana a Nikolaev. Saboda haka, kawo ya shiga jirgi zuwa wani fama jihar, da Sin da su gudanar da wani babban aiki. Tun da ba su da, tsarin lantarkin daga cikin takardun da za a ci gaba daga karce. Kuma shi ya zama dole don ba da jirgin ruwa na soja da makamai. Shin, shi a ƙãre jirgin ya yafi wuya don ƙirƙirar shi, sãbuwa.

Sin shipbuilders ne biya haraji. Su sun jimre da aiki, kuma a watan Agusta 2011 ya fara gwada tuki halaye na wani jirgin sama m. Kusan a shekara ne jirgin a kan gwaji, a cikin tẽku, da kuma kawai lokaci-lokaci kira a Dalian mai tashar jiragen ruwa ya kawar da gunaguni da ƙungiya.

A farkon watan Satumba na 2012 a kan jirgin cikin jirgin ruwa na soja ɗora Kwatancen harsasai for makamai gwaji. Ga 25 Satumba wannan shekara, da m hukumance shiga cikin sahu na Sin Navy. A daraja na daya daga cikin Sin larduna na jirgin da aka mai suna "Liaoning". Tun daga nan, akwai wani ambaci matsayin rashin ilimi da jirgin ruwa. Yau, ga alama, yana dauke da wani cikakken fledged fama naúrar.

An ban sha'awa al'amari ne cewa Soviet jirgin sama m ne a cikin wannan ruwa, wanda aka farko amfani kawai karkashin wani daban-daban flag. Mu yanzu la'akari da fasaha gefen jirgin.

makamai

A jirgin ruwa na soja da aka ba soma, wanda aka kafa a kan shi da Soviet aikin. Yana da aka sanye take da wani kadan sa na makamai zama dole domin kare kai. Hakazalika sanye take Amurka jiragen ruwa na wannan aji.

Rasha injiniyoyi yi imani da cewa nawa karkashin babban yajin hadaddun jiragen sun dismantled da kuma tuba ga ajiya na man fetur da kuma harsasai ga iska kungiyar.

Tã jirgin sama dauke da jirgin ruwa na soja "Varyag", wani photo wanda ya dubi sosai da ban sha'awa, da cikar kasar Sin Navy ya samu anti-aircraft makamai na gida samar. Damar da kuma abun da ke ciki na da shi a sau baya ga cewa ana sa ran ga aikin. Amma jirgin sama makamai, sa'an nan domin ta jirgin sama m kasar Sin ya halitta na musamman version na jirgin saman soja J-11. Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan tsarin shi ne kwafin da Soviet Su-27. Canja J-11 samu wani sabon sunan - J-15.

Bugu da kari zuwa jirgin sama a kan bene za a located jirage masu saukar ungulu Z-18 da kuma Z-9. Domin dogon zangon-radar sintiri kasar Sin ya samu a Rasha Ka-31. A general, iska kungiyar jirgin ruwa na soja kunshi 24 multipurpose jirgin saman soja masu saukar ungulu sawa 6, 4 da kuma 2 helikofta AEW bincike da kuma ceto masu saukar ungulu.

sadarwa da kuma sauran kayan aiki

A cikin "Varyag" (zirgar jiragen sama, jirgin ruwa na soja, wanda bai zama sabon girman kai na Soviet kasashen) a cikin shiri, an yanke shawarar sa radar tsarin (RFCs) "forum" maimakon shigar a kan gubar jirgin "Mars-Passat". Saboda haka, da sarari a karkashin eriya posts "Mars-Passat" da aka shãfe haske.

A ƙarshe na jirgin a kasar Sin a wadannan wurare sun shigar iri-iri RLK 348 iri Sin samar. Saboda haka, "Liaoning" ko mafi kama da gubar jirgin fiye da kasa "Varyag". Aircraft jirgin ruwa na soja kuma samu juyawa radar eriya na kasar Sin "Sea Eagle" tashar.

Amma jirgin sama tabbatarwa part, "Liaoning" riƙe da dukan siffofin halayyar da Soviet aikin. Daga cikin su tsaye a waje: da uku fara matsayi da Gaz wasu munanan allon da kuma kawar jinkiri, trampoline maimakon catapults, Tantancewar saukowa tsarin, da kuma hudu kama kaya igiya-type na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da inji don birki.

A tsananin daga jirgin, a bar baki a kan American model an saita bude matsayi na gani saukowa kai. A post Soviet jirgin sama m ne wata gilashi kewaye gida, wanda shi ne mafi dacewa da sauyin yanayi na Arewa da kuma Far East.

ofishin

A shekarar 1991, tarayyar soviet suka fara da samuwar da ƙungiya domin gina da jirgin ruwa na soja. Ya an nada shugaban jirgin. Suka zama Captain farko Rank Vladimir Vysotsky. Man baya umarci jirgin "Minsk". A 1993, da ƙungiya aka watse.

A 4 Nuwamba 2012 wanda ya shiga sabis wani jirgin sama m "Liaoning" ya zama wani wuri na teku gwaji, da kuma specialization horo matukan jirgin saman soja J-15. 5 Nuwamba na wannan shekara, a karo na farko a tarihin kasar Sin, da saukowa daga cikin jirgin sama a kan bene na jirgin da aka za'ayi tare da ƙugiya na USB.

A Disamba 2013 daya daga cikin jirãge, "Liaoning" isar da kusan karo a tekun kudancin China da American jirgin ruwa na soja USS Cowpens. Bangarorin biyu sun An zargi rashin fahimta juna.

Nuwamba 7, 2014 a kan jirgin ruwa na soja "Liaoning" ziyarci America ta Sakataren tsaron Chak Heygel. Isa a kan ziyarar kasar Sin, ya tambaye shi game da yiwuwar ya kalle kasar Sin ta farko da jirgin sama m. Bayan awa biyu yawon shakatawa na jirgin Hagel gaskiya ma ya bayyana matakin na horo da matukan jirgin da jirgin ruwa na soja. Duk da haka, ya ce, kasar Sin har yanzu da yawa su koyi a fagen m-tushen jirgin sama.

A watan Satumba na 2015, wasu kafofin watsa labarai ya ruwaito cewa "Liaoning" isa a Bahar Rum da kuma moored a cikin Syria tashar jiragen ruwa na Tartus. An zaci cewa wannan labarai bã kõme ba ne fiye da disinformation. Gaskiyar cewa irin wannan alama ne kusan ba zai yiwu a ship kada a gane shi a fadin Indiya da Pacific tekuna.

Ship a cikin art

"Varyag" - jirgin sama m, wanda har 2000 a Nikolaev game outfitting ganuwar, ya zama tushen ga mãkirci na dama labarin "tafiya." A mãkirci revolved a kusa da wani almara, ba a kare ba jirgin sama m "Dmitry Pozharsky". Shi ne daga cikin Soviet zamanin da aka bayar da shawarar da a Primorsk, kuma daga baya aka sa up for sale. Bisa ga labarin da jirgin ruwa na soja harbi da bindiga a cikin shekara ta 2017 ya kai ga wani m tawaye, manufar wanda ya dawowar Soviet iko.

Fantastic labarin "Operation Mashi" AI Pervushina kuma aka buga a karkashin lakabi "Fe Varyag". Aircraft m, da halaye na wanda muka sake nazari a yau, da kaidin labarin da aka ƙa'ida sayar wa tafiya da kamfanoni, kuma a zahiri ya tafi da gaba da Antarctica don bincika wani sihiri sanya shi. A cikin yakin da jirgin jigilar yaƙi kungiyoyin saɓa wa sojan ruwa sojojin na Amurka, wanda kuma ya so a samu taska.

Wannan jirgin sama m "Varyag", wani photo na wanda ya haddasa wasu baƙin ciki, ya zama personification na m da m to talakawa mutane geopolitics.

ƙarshe

Yau mun koya yadda da wuya ya labarin da jirgin "Varyag". Aircraft m, da watsuwar wanda yanzu sani a gare mu, za a fice zuwa Soviet, Rasha ko Ukrainian sojojin, idan saboda sakaci da aka ba negligible sayar wa dabarun kishiyoyinsu.