Valproic acid: umarnin don amfani, analogs da kuma sake dubawa

Valproic acid (sodium valproate) nasa ne a gwada sabon rukuni na anticonvulsants, dabam-dabam daga waɗanda amfani da baya antiepileptics biyu da sinadaran tsarin da manufa na aiki.

bayanin irin abu

Wannan sinadaran da aka hada a 1882, a wani analogue valeric acid Dr. W. Barton. Ya kunshi 2 kungiyoyin na yanke. Domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, valproic acid da aka yi amfani da kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje a matsayin inert sauran ƙarfi na daban-daban Organic mahadi. Protivosudorzhnye da kaddarorin da aka gano ta a fluke.

Valproic acid ne ruwa da kuma m a dakin da zazzabi. Kamar wancan shi ne iya maida martani da wani tushe, kamar sodium hydroxide ko magnesium valproate samar da wata gishiri, wanda shi ne mai ɗamfarar abu. Wannan abu, a gaskiya, shi ne 2-propylvaleric acid da kuma ta sodium gishiri. Ba kamar sauran antiepileptics, shi wakiltar wani nitrogen-free fili. Ginshikai na mataki na wannan acid da kuma ta salts, hade da wani takamaiman tasiri a metabolism na gamma-aminobutyric acid, shi ne wani mai hanawa na transferase enzyme.

Formulations wanda aka hada da valproic acid, da kuma saukar da convulsive dauki excitatory motor yankunan da kwakwalwa. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da abu mai qara abun ciki na gamma-aminobutyric acid a cikin juyayi tsarin Tsarin. Valproic acid, wanda ya nuna ratings na ta anticonvulsant tasiri a lura da yanayi alaka da kungiyar na m acid.

Halaye na valproic acid, ta analogues

Valproic acid, abin da ya bayyana wa'azi ga ta hadaddun effects a kan mutum, aka samar a karkashin sunaye daban-daban. Mafi fi sanin kwayoyi, da suka hada da wani abu da yake "Depakine," "Konvuleks", "Konvulsofin", "Orfilin", "Deprakin", "epilation", "Everiden", "Enkorat", "Apilepsin", "valparin XP "," Dipromal ". A ƙãre sashi siffofin shi yana iya zama a cikin nau'i na acid ko ta sodium gishiri, da aka sani da sodium valproate. The aiki da wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi ba a rage. Valproic acid, analogues na wanda aka jera a sama, dauka baki nan da nan bayan da abinci. All kwayoyi dauke da shi, da sauri suna tunawa. Cikin 2 hours cikin acid bayyana a cikin jini. Wannan abu ne da ya ratsa ta hanyar nama shinge. Saura burbushi na abu ne m, a cikin cerebrospinal ruwa da kuma a sauran ciki yanayi. Its gano a cikin ruwar (ruwar) a cikin mata masu ciki.

manufa na aiki

Yadda iya aikata valproic acid? Umarnin ga wannan magani ba ya bayar da amsar wannan tambaya na abin da yake cikin tsarin ba da da warkewa tasiri. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa masana ne ba tukuna cikakken bincika da tasiri a kan canji a sodium tashar Properties. A wannan yanayin, valproic acid ne kunshe a cikin jerin magunguna da suke da muhimmanci da kuma muhimmanci ga mutane.

Sakamako a kan mutum

Ba kawai amfani for epilepsy valproic acid. a kan yin amfani da wannan magani mai shiryarwa shi ya nuna cewa shi yana da ba kawai anticonvulsant sakamako. Yana inganta yanayi da kuma kwakwalwar mutum. Masana sun ce game da gaban da acid bangaren tranquilizing. Ba kamar sauran kayayyakin da wannan irin, shi rage tashin hankali, ba tare da haddasa mioleraksantnogo ko kwantad da hankali. Wannan shi ne saboda ta mataki a kan postsynaptic membrane. Kamar wancan suppressed jijiya turu watsa tafiyar matakai.

Domin kananan siffofin epilepsy sau da yawa iyakance zuwa shan valproic acid ko daya daga cikin analogs. A mafi tsanani lokuta da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne a hade tare da sauran antiepileptic kwayoyi.

Valproic acid epilepsy

Wannan shiri da ake amfani a daban-daban siffofin epilepsy. Kamar wancan ne ta liyafar dogara ne a kan kafa juna likita. Valproic acid, umarnin don yin amfani da nuna ingancinta a daban-daban siffofin da cuta, da ake amfani a wasu lokuta daban-daban a allurai. Har ila yau, shi ne sau da yawa wajabta, a kanku, kuma a mai da hankali seizures.

Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi

Valproic acid, da wa'azi ga wanda ya nada da miyagun ƙwayoyi bukatar your likita da kuma tsananin riko da miyagun ƙwayoyi regimens, amfani a irin wannan hali:

• rigakafin daban-daban da rikitarwa a epilepsy.

• convulsive yanayi da suka samo asali a cikin wasu cututtuka na CNS.

• kasancewar wani m tic.

• manic-depressive rashin lafiya, ba amenable don magani da kwayoyi dauke da lithium.

• convulsive yanayi da suka samo asali a cikin shimfiɗar jariri.

Valproic acid da kuma formulations dauke da shi, dole ne na musamman sarrafawa da halartar likita. Kawai bayan duk dole bincike da kuma haƙuri kima gwani zai iya zabi wani hadari da kuma tasiri kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi.

saki Form

Valproic acid, da saki tsari wanda shi ne daban-daban, daban-daban masana'antun suna cushe kamar haka:

• Allunan, mai rufi Allunan, narkewa a cikin hanji. Sun ƙunshi 150, 200, 300, 500 MG valproic acid (sodium valproate).

• Capsules 150, 300 MG.

• Medicine (syrup) dauke da 50 ko 300 ml da miyagun ƙwayoyi a 1 ml.

Karfinsu tare da sauran kwayoyi

Valproic acid na iya inganta sakamakon da sauran anticonvulsants da protivoelepticheskih wajen, neuroleptics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, da kuma barasa. Lokacin da ka karɓi wannan magani ba zai iya sha giya. Valproic acid analogs da miyagun ƙwayoyi, salicylic acid da kuma anticoagulants da wani mai hanawa sakamako a kan tari (jam'iyya) platelets. Lokacin da allura a cikin hanji da medicament ne hanzari tunawa a cikin jini. Kamar wancan ne da yin amfani da valproic acid a hade tare da wani abinci da ɗan rage ingancinta.

illa

A medicament wani lokacin sa illa kamar tashin zuciya da amai, asarar ci, kuma mai tsanani na jin zafi a ciki, zawo. Don magance wadannan yanayi nema Yanã rufe ko antispasmodics. Valproic acid zai iya haifar da wani janar ciki da kuma gajiya, saboda haka an wuya wajabta wa mutane tsunduma a m jiki da hankulansu aiki. Karbar da miyagun ƙwayoyi wani lokacin take kaiwa zuwa cuta na juyayi tsarin, wanda bayyana kansu a cikin wani nau'i na tremor na wata gabar jiki, tsaga images da na gani disturbances, drowsiness, ciwon kai, dizziness, agitation, apathy, kuma depressive jihar.

A wasu lokuta, da ci da wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi take kaiwa zuwa da wadannan sakamakon: wani karu da wani karuwa a jikin nauyi, bayyanar rashin lafiyan halayen, wucin gadi gashi hasara, hailar magudi, canje-canje a cikin hemogram. Rare amma sosai tsanani gefen sakamakon wannan samun nufin suna dauke matsalar aiki na samfur na hanta ko pancreas, rage jini clotting. Hepatotoxic sakamako ne mafi m lokacin samun wannan magani lokaci guda tare da clonazepam, phenobarbital.

Lokacin amfani valproic acid dole ne a tuna da cewa a cikin m marasa lafiya da shi zai iya karkatar da sakamakon bincike na fitsari, kara da abun ciki na ketone jikinsu. Ga masu rigakafin daban-daban da rikitarwa a lokacin jiyya a kai a kai sanin da abun ciki a cikin jinin bilirubin, hanta enzymes, platelet count.

contraindications

Valproic acid, wanda kwayoyi suna sayar a kan counter ba tare da sayen magani, yana da tsanani contraindications. Wadannan sun hada da:

• tabarbarewa na pancreas da kuma hanta.

• porphyria.

• hemorrhagic diathesis.

• idiosyncrasy.

• A farko trimester ciki.

• ciyar lokaci (da miyagun ƙwayoyi wuce a cikin ƙirjinka madara).

A II kuma III trimester na ciki, wannan magani an wajabta, a karamar allurai da kuma kawai ga tsanani dalilai, saboda shi crosses mahaifa da kuma zai iya shafar da ba a haifa ba.

Lokacin da samun valproic acid ya kamata a hankali saka idanu da aiki hanta iko jini clotting da platelet tari. A lokacin far, wannan magani mata suke jima'i aiki, ya kamata a yi amfani da su hana daukar ciki, mafi m Hanyar hana haihuwa.

aikace-aikace na makirci

Shirye-shirye dauke da wannan acid, an dauka domin daban-daban na makirci. Mafi kyau duka allurai an zabi akayi daban-daban. A zabi na sashi regimen rinjayar da haƙuri da yanayin, nauyi da kuma shekaru. A mafi yawan lokuta, farkon a cikin shakka a manya da yara yin la'akari fiye da 25 kg, an gudanar a 10-15 MG / kg per day. Daga bisani mako-mako kashi na da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ya karu da 5-10 MG / kg, kawo shi zuwa iyakar - 30 MG / kg. A kullum kashi yara - 20-50 MG / kg. A miƙa mulki ga jiyya da valproic acid magani da sauran anticonvulsant kwayoyi an rage hankali. A kalla kashi na valproic acid kamata ba zama ya fi 50 MG / kg per day.

Akwai siffofin daban-daban na saki da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Igiyar jini gwamnati ya shafi samun 400-800 MG sodium valproate kowace rana. Cikin shakka daga far zama dole domin sanin matakin da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin jini. A cewar da ƙididdiga, sabawa iya yi wa jiyya regimen.

Nuni da makirci:

• yara shekaru 3: A cikin makon farko na sha 150 MG na 1 p. a rana, a karo na biyu - 150 MG na 2 p. da rana, da kuma na uku - a kan 150 MG na 3 p. da rana.

• Children 3 - 10 years: a cikin makon farko na shan 450 MG, a karo na biyu - 600 MG, kuma a cikin na uku - 900 MG da rana. A cewar wani samun kewaye 300, 450, 600, 900 MG da rana, bi da bi, a 1, 2, 3, da 4 makonni.

• Bayan shekaru 10: a cikin makon farko na sha 600 MG, a karo na biyu - 900, a cikin na uku - 1200 MG da rana. A cewar wani samun kewaye 300, 600, 900, 1200 MG da rana, bi da bi, a 1, 2, 3, da 4 makonni.

Ga marasa lafiya a baya bi da tare da sauran anticonvulsants, acid valproic gudanar a kananan allurai. A daidai wannan lokaci da yawan wasu wajen da aka rage. A tabbatarwa kashi na manya - 900-1200 MG. Valproic Acid, Allunan, kuma capsules wanda aka wajabta kawai bayan shekaru 10, dauka a 2-4 allurai. Ga yara mafi akai-akai wajabta magani ko syrup tare da wannan magani.

"Depakinum" (valproic acid)

A sale akwai daban-daban kwayoyi tare da acid, amma daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri ne da "Depakine." A Pharmacy, akwai da dama iri magani: "Chrono", "300 Enterik", "Hrononosfera granules" da sauransu. duk suna da dan kadan daban-daban aiki sashi ciki da form. "Depakine" wajabta a matsayin anticonvulsant da kuma yanayi-stabilizing miyagun ƙwayoyi. Wannan abu ne da ya kafa da magani daga epilepsy, bipolar cuta, kowa yana da tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonus, ciki, migraine ciwon kai. Haka kuma an yi amfani da magani daga neuropathic zafi. Kwanan nan, da miyagun ƙwayoyi diddigin a matsayin magani da wasu irin ciwon daji da kuma HIV.

Valproic acid daffo

Daga cikin valproic acid kwayoyi "Depakine" da analogues ne a high bukatar. Wannan shi ne saboda da cewa shi yana da wani shafe tsawon sakamako. A amfani da wannan shiri take kaiwa zuwa wani raguwa a cikin aukuwar convulsive seizures. shi ma rage su mai tsanani da kuma facilitates kwarara. "Depakine" rage hadarin na tasowa mafi tsanani da rikitarwa.

Matakai metabolization valproic acid dauki hanta Kwayoyin. Lokacin da samun da abubuwa m rabin rayuwa ne kamar 6-8 hours. Modern kwayoyi iya kula da warkewa taro na aiki abu a cikin jiki zuwa 16 hours. A kudi na tukar tumbi da valproic acid dogara sun fi mayar a kan hanta aiki. Valproic acid, wanda sake bitar game da wani karin tabbatacce sakamako a kan kowane haƙuri a kan kansa. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa kowane jiki ne na musamman da zai iya kai wannan kaya tare da wasu sabawa daga na kullum.