Tarihi Yaroslavl Kremlin. Kremlin a Yaroslavl yau

Daya daga cikin mafi rare kuma mafi ziyarci biranen a Rasha, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na Golden Zobe. Ya ya dada kyau. Its tarihi cibiyar aka jera ta UNESCO. A birnin cibiyar akwai fiye da 140 daga cikin mafi muhimmanci jan hankali.

Tarihi na Yaroslavl

A 1010 birnin da aka kafa ta domin na Yaroslava Mudrogo, wanda aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa ta kafa. A tarihin fitowan na Yaroslavl ya nuna cewa wannan ƙasa a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Volga kogin daga Crake aka zaba. Wannan zai kare shi daga maƙiya a uku bangarorin. Yana da aka farko da aka ambata a cikin tarihin da yake bayani abinci tarzoma a 1071.

Daga zamanin da zuwa yau tarihi na Yaroslavl shi ne a hankali nasaba da tarihin Rasha jihar. Tun daga zamanin d ¯ Rasha birni har abada rubũtacce kansu a tarihi a matsayin mai iko, a al'adance-wayayyu kuma arziki sarauta. Ana rinjayar da rayuwar Rasha jihar.

Yana da muhimmanci cewa, bayan sauyin da Moscow (1380) Yaroslavl rasa da rawar da mudda (har da isowa zuwa kursiyin Bitrus I) shi ne birni mafi muhimmanci a arewacin ciniki hanya. Shi ne na biyu mafi yawan da kuma na uku mafi girma a birnin a Rasha dukiya yawa. Yana hanzari raya sana'o'i da kuma masana'antu.

A cikin XIX karni da Rasha birni ya fi kyau birni a kasar. Domin ta m shimfidar wuri shi aka kira "Rasha Florence '.

Yaroslavl amincewa kula da gubar a cikin masana'antu samar da farkon na XX karni. Birnin yana da 50 masana'antu da samar da ayyukan yi 15,000 ma'aikata.

Yaroslavl shahara makarantun - daga Grigoriev ƙofar kuma kammala takwas manyan jami'o'i, wanda alfahari Yaroslavl yau.

City na Yaroslavl: jan hankali

A mahimmin juzu'in da tarihi da kuma al'adu Monuments a cikin tarihi cibiyar. By kuma manyan, da cibiyar ne main janye, shi ne ko da yaushe m zuwa yawon bude ido.

cibiyar layout da aka ɓullo da a zamanin mulkin Catherine Mai girma. Wadannan tsoho wuraren ba wani tunani na yadda za a duba da Rasha birane a XVIII karni bayan gradostroitelnoy garambawul, wanda aka gudanar da Catherine II (1763). Marubucin na aikin ita ce cibiyar Yaroslavl Ivan Starov.

Da iyakoki da ya jarraba ta titunan Sobin da Republican. Da farko, wannan yanki da aka sani da maginin birni.

Masomin gina Church of Iliya Annabi an zabe, gina a kan bankunan na Volga a 1650. Next zuwa ta aka saki semicircular area (yanzu Sovetskaya), kewaye da wani tsakaitã sa ta administrative gine-gine.

Irin wannan manufa na ci gaba masana kira classicism muhimmi gine na XVIII karni. Daga cikin square a daban-daban kwatance diverge "haskoki" tituna. Kowace daga cikinsu ke da Monuments na baya lokacin. Alal misali, Platsparadnaya yanki dace da ɗauka cewa Cathedral, wanda ya wanzu tun 1215. Uglich Street zo zuwa Vlasov (ko Znamenskaia) hasumiya, wadda aka kiyaye su daga zamanin d kufaifan na XVII karni. Probojnaja titi ƙare Saminu Stolnik coci, wanda wannan rana ba a kiyaye su.

Duk da tituna suna sahu tare da cibiyar na Yaroslavl kyau tsohon gini, wanda abar kulawa serially a cikin wani fili fasali. Suna bambanta da yawa ni'ima, peculiar gine na XVIII da XIX ƙarni.

Church of Iliya Annabi

A birnin Yaroslavl yana a kan karkararta mai muhimmanci da abin tunawa da gine na XVII karni. Kamar yadda tsoho labari, wannan coci da aka aza ta girma Yaroslav Mai hikima. Wannan taron ya zo daidai da farkon na gina birnin.

Kamar yadda labarin da ke, da dalilin domin gina haikali ya cin nasara a kan sarkin kai babban rabbai cewa ya faru a ranar da Iliya Annabi.

A haikali tsaye a kan site inda da akwai guda biyu da haihuwa majami'u. Yana da aka gina a kudi na arziki Attajiran birnin a 1650. Ta kasance a kan tabo Ilyinsko Tikhon ta Church, wanda ya wanzu a wannan lokacin.

zato Cathedral

Tarihi na Yaroslavl a 1215 aka alama ta bayyanar da farko da dutse na Haikalin, wanda ya gina Prince Constantine Vsevolodovich. Zato Cathedral aka gina sau da yawa. Bayan wani mummunan wuta a 1501 shi aka mugun lalace.

Lokacin da mazaunan birnin barrantar da kufai a karkara, an gano kayayyakin tarihi na Prince Basil da Constantine (XIII karni), wanda ya zama babban wuri mai tsarki na coci shekaru da yawa.

A 1937 ɗauka cewa Cathedral aka nike tashi, aka maye gurbinsu da al'ada shakatawa. A 2004 aka yanke shawarar, da kuma fara m aiki a kan gina wani daidai kwafin na Cathedral na ɗauka a asalin shafin. A 2010, da kerata haikali gudanar na farko ibadar sarki Kirill.

Museum of tarihi

Beautiful Rasha birnin Yaroslavl, wanda jan hankali ne girman kai na mazaunanta, yana da wani ban sha'awa gidan kayan gargajiya. Yana da aka kafa a shekarar 1985. Museum of History of Yaroslavl aka located a wani gidan da cewa da zarar mallakar m Kuznetsov.

A lãbãri da aka gabatar a shida da dakuna. A nan ne ban sha'awa takardun da farfado alaka da tarihi na birnin.

gidan Sobinova

Yana da wani gidan kayan gargajiya na girma opera singer L. V. Sobinova bude ga jama'a a watan Mayu 1995. Shi ne kawai daya a Rasha ne gaba daya duqufar da rayuwa da kuma aiki na m wakilin Rasha m al'adu.

Wannan gidan da ake dangantawa da rayuwar uku ƙarnõni na Sobinova. Yana da aka haife, sai ya ciyar da yara da kuma matasa, nan gaba singer. Dalili na nuni sa monographic manufa, wanda sakamakonsa, kuma sama-sama gabatar da rayuwa da kuma aiki na singer.

drama

Yaroslavl City alfahari da farko Rasha wasan kwaikwayo. Volkovsky Theater bikin ta cika shekaru (260 years) a 2010. Sa'an nan, a shafin na yanzu wasan kwaikwayo ya tannery sito.

A nan ne da m ta dan Fyodor Volkov fara sa na farko wasanni. Da farko play "Esther" da aka tsĩrar. Tarihi na wasan kwaikwayo da yake riƙe da yawa karin bayanai. A ƙarshen XVIII karni, da gidan wasan kwaikwayo riga san a Rasha.

A 1911, ginin Volkov wasan kwaikwayo da aka kammala. Marubucin da kuma shugaban na yi shi ne m Nikolay Spirin. Yau ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau Rasha sinimomi located a cikin wannan gini.

jam'iyya gidan wasan kwaikwayo

A ul. Sverdlov, gidan ne 9 Yaroslavl bẽne, wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ke aiki cikin nasara a karkashin jagorancin V. Vorontsov. A zamanin yau shi ne kawai wasan kwaikwayo a Rasha, wanda yana da wani m sandarka. Wasan kwaikwayo productions ne a kan nasu mataki, a Bugu da kari, a nan ana gudanar wasan kwaikwayo bukukuwa featuring m 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na kasar.

Game da halittar wasan kwaikwayo a karon farko tunani Yuriy Vaksman, wanda a baya ya yi aiki a Yaroslavl Matasa Theater. Ya yanke shawarar kirkiro nasa gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Don gane da mafarki, sai ya ciyar shekaru da dama da aiki a cikin gidan cin abinci kasuwanci. Samun tara na farko babban birnin kasar, a shekarar 1999, da ya gane wa mafarki. Don matsayin shugaba darektan aka gayyace Vladimir Gusev, wanda triumphantly halshen da play Peter Soweto "Interview".

A mafi muhimmanci shugabanci na wasan kwaikwayo ne za su gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo bukukuwa na matakai daban-daban. A lokacin da aiki da hudu manyan kasashen duniya gidan wasan kwaikwayo bukukuwa da aka shirya.

A gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne domin ta shahara sadaqa ayyukansu, da nufin taimaka yakin duniya na II Tsohon soji, invalids na Afghanistan da kuma iyalansu.

Yaroslavl Kremlin

Tarihi Yaroslavl Kremlin ya fara a 1010 kusa Rostov Veliky. Yaroslav Mudry umurce su da su gina sansanin soja don tabbatar da tsaro na cikin birni.

Geographically Yaroslavl Kremlin (map a fili ya nuna shi) is located a kan wani yana kokarin muhimmanci ƙasa. Yana yana da wani triangular siffar.

A Kremlin yana da wani sunan - yankakken birni. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa ta kufaifan aka sare daga itacen. A zanen, game da 1648, za mu iya ganin cewa da tabbatarwa daga felled itace, ya hada da 2 carriageways hasumiyar, 10, kurãme ne kuma 12 pryasel. Kremlin ganuwar kare da gidan da masu mulki, da birni ta babban coci da bishop ta unguwa.

A 1658 a wuta hallaka kusan duk gine-gine. Na yi don fara gina da dutse gini na Yaroslavl Kremlin. A wani ɓangare na Kotorosl dutse hasumiya, wadda aka kira Zeleynoy aka gina shi. Yana da aka yi amfani da matsayin gunpowder store.

A gefe na Volga akwai wani janye Yaroslavl Kremlin - Podvolzhskaya hasumiya. Da yawa daga baya ya sake a arsenal, an kiyaye su a cikin m yanayin har yau.

mujami'u shida da aka gina a kan ƙasa na Yaroslavl Kremlin:

• Cathedral na ɗauka (1215) tubali gini tare da farin dutse bayani. A babban coci da aka ruhaniya da kuma gine-gine da tsakiyar birnin na ƙarni.
• Ilyinsko Tikhon Church - a cikin Soviet shekaru ginin da aka sanye take da wani Museum. Lenin, da kuma daga baya shirya shi restorers nazarinsa.
• Church of St. Nicholas to su external bayyanar nuna kudi matsaloli na parishioners suka kashe kudi a yi. Yau wannan gini ne sashen.
• Leontievskaya coci - gina a matsayin gidan coci bishop. Yana da aka tsarkake a cikin girmamawa Leontiya Rostovskogo.
• Shuya Church of Our Lady - aka gina a dutse a 1690. Ta kwalkwali da aka lashe tare da biyar surori. Kafin mu lokaci ba a kiyaye su.
• Church of Our Lady of Tolga. Ya Ikklesiya coci har 1802, daga baya aka rushe.