Ta yaya mutane masu sauki da aka nuna a cikin littafin "War and Peace"?

Bari mu ga yadda mutane suka bayyana a littafin Leo Tolstoy na War and Peace. Marubucin ya gama aiki a aikinsa a 1867. Da yake magana game da shi, ya yarda cewa yana ƙaunar a cikin littafinsa "tunanin mutane."

Duniya na ma'aikata a cikin aikin

Mutanen da ke cikin littafin "War and Peace" suna wakiltar yadu. Ana ba da cikakken bayani a kan masarautar ta marubucin. A cikin hoto na Tolstoy, kasashen duniya suna da wadatawa da jituwa. Marubucin baiyi tunanin cewa wakilansa sun bukaci halayyar hankali ba. Magoya-mashahuran ba suyi tunanin cewa wajibi ne don "bunkasa" mutanen ba. A akasin wannan, ita ce karshen da ke kusa da fahimtar ma'anar rayuwa. Lev Nikolaevich ya nuna tarihin ruhaniya na wakilan wakilci da kuma ruhaniya maras kyau na dan kasar Rasha a matsayin daban-daban, amma a lokaci ɗaya kuma ka'idodi masu juna biyu na kasancewar kasarmu. Samun damar kafa hulɗa tare da mutane yana nuna alamar lafiyar mutanen kirki a cikin littafin.

Daidaitaccen iyakoki tsakanin kadada

Sau da yawa Tolstoy ya jaddada rashin daidaitattun iyakoki tsakanin dukiya. Human, general ya sanya su "m." Mutanen da ke cikin littafin "War and Peace" sukan canza, suna hulɗa tare da matsanancin al'umma. Alal misali, Danilo mai ban tsoro, alal misali, yana cike da "raina ga dukan kome" da "'yancin kai." Wannan mafarauci ya yardar kansa ya dubi masanin Nicholas Rostov "wulakanci". Duk da haka, wannan bai saba wa Nicholas ba. Ya fahimci mutumin nan har yanzu yana da nasa. Kowane mutum daidai yake a lokacin farauta, dukkanan suna ƙarƙashin umarni da aka kafa wata rana. Sai kawai a cikin zafi na farauta Danilo iya Ilya Andreevich, wanda ya rasa kerkuku, la'ane, har ma ya kai hari da shi tare da arapan. Irin wannan hali na sakon karkashin ka'idodin yanayi ba zai yiwu ba game da maigidan.

Bari mu ba da wani misali na yadda shugabanci da mutane suke hulɗa a cikin littafin War da Peace. Wani muhimmin mataki a cikin rayuwar ruhaniya daya daga cikin masu zanga-zanga, Pierre Bezukhov, wani taro ne a sansanin fursunoni tare da Platon Karataev. Rayuwar da aka rasa a rayuwa ta koma shi daidai da wannan soja-manomi. Babban ka'idoji na dabi'a a cikin rubutun na labari ya zama ga ɗan Pierre yiwuwar aikinsa Karataev. Kuma ya ƙarasa da cewa, wataqila zai yi masa jama'a ayyuka gane ba, amma lalle ne dã sun amince da rayuwar iyali, domin ya ƙaunace a duk faɗin "mai kyau kamannuna."

Hotuna na tawaye

Batun mutane a cikin littafin "War and Peace" ya bambanta. Tolstoy, yana nuna nuna rashin amincewa da mutanen yankin Boguchar, ya nuna halinsa game da tsarin rikice-rikice na duniyar jama'a na mulkin mallaka, wanda ya saba da tsayayya da kowane canje-canje. A Bogucharovo, rashin jin dadin rayuwar mutane yana da kyau fiye da sauran wurare, tun da akwai mutane da yawa masu mallakar ƙasa, ilimi da ɗakunan. Ƙananan mazauna ƙananan mazauna zaune a nan masanan. An ware su ne daga dukan duniya. Mazauna ba tare da wani dalili ba dalla-dalla sun fara motsawa cikin wani shugabanci, yin biyayya da dokokin da ba a iya fahimta ba. Tolstoy ya jaddada cewa, a cikin rayuwar mutanen da suke zaune daga Bogucharovo, raƙuman ruwa masu ban mamaki na rayuwar mutanen Rasha sun fi karfi da sananne fiye da sauran wurare, ma'anar da dalilai ba su da ma'ana ga masu zamani. Ta hanyar girman kai, batun mutane a cikin littafin "War and Peace" ya buɗe daga sabon kusurwa.

Dalili na tawaye

Halin yanayi, raunin tawaye yana ƙarƙashin kansa gaba daya ga kowane ɗan gida. An kama wani dan jarida Dron. Rashin ƙare ya ƙare gurasar maigidan Marigayi Maryamu don rarraba wa manoma. Abin sani kawai "rashin tausayi na dabba maras kyau" na Rostov, "rashin zalunci" zai iya kula da wannan rudani. Halin da ake yi wa mutanen da suka bi shi sunyi biyayya ba tare da shakku ba, sun furta cewa "ta hanyar rashin gaskiya" suka tayar. Lev Nikolaevich a cikin aikin ya nuna ba wai kawai abubuwan da ke haifar da tawaye ba ("dangantaka" da jita-jita game da "son", wanda ɗan'uwan nan ya dauke). Abinda yake da zurfin zamantakewa da kuma tarihin wannan lamari shine "iko" na ciki, wanda ya samo hankali kuma, kamar dai, ya tsere daga dutsen mai fitattukan. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa sun yi tawaye a cikin littafin War da Peace.

Hoton Tikhon Shcherbaty

Image Tihona Scherbatogo ne wani muhimmin ɓangare na fresco na jama'ar kasar War, wanda aka halitta da Tolstoy. Tikhon ya kai Faransa ne kawai daga dukan kauyensa. Ya aka shiga a kansa himma ga "jam'iyyar" Denisov ya fara da shi nan da nan ɗaya daga cikin mafi zama dole mutane, da nuna babban ikon farautar da yaƙin yaƙi. Ta hanyar hotunansa kuma yana nazarin mutanen da ke cikin littafin "War and Peace".

Tikhon a cikin 'yan gudun hijirar sun kasance a wurin musamman. Ya yi duk aikin baki, shi ne mafi girman mutum kuma mafi amfani. Tikhon, kuma, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen jin tsoro kuma ya yarda da wannan matsayi. A cikin halinsa da bayyanarsa, marubucin ya kaddamar da siffofin mai tsarki. Shcherbatogo yana da fuska, wrinkled da kanananpo, tare da kananan ƙananan idanu.

Halin Tikhon game da kisan Faransa

Tikhon shi ne mai cike da jini, marar jin dadi. Ya yi biyayya, ya kashe Faransanci, kawai ilimin tsaftacewar maƙiyi, kuma ya bi da su a matsayin abubuwa marar rai. Tikhon yayi kama da mai cin mutunci. Marubucin ba shi da kuskure ya kwatanta shi da kerkeci: Scherbaty ya yi amfani da wani gatari kamar kerkeci tare da hakora.

Hoton Plato Karataev

Daya daga cikin key images daga cikin ayyukan shi ne siffar Plato Karataeva. Shi ne da muhimmanci musamman a cikin m taken :. "The mutane a cikin labari" yaki da zaman lafiya "muqala a kan wannan batu ba za a iya rubuta ba tare da ambata da hali. Yana da wani baƙauye, wanda ya juya ga za a yanke daga cikin saba hanya na rayuwa da kuma sanya shi a cikin wani sabon yanayi (French fursuna, Army) , Wanda ya kasance cikin ruhaniya ya nuna kansa a fili sosai: jarumi yana rayuwa cikin jituwa tare da dukan duniya, yana nuna ƙauna ga dukan mutane.Blaton warai yana da rai, yana da hankali a hankali ga mutane. A cikin hoton Tolstoy Karataev - misali na "mutum" wanda ya fito daga mutane Amma, nauyin dabi'un dabi'un mutane, a cikin hanyoyi da dama.

Wannan gwarzo, wanda ke wakiltar mutanen Rasha a cikin littafin "War and Peace", aka nuna a cikin aikin yafi ta hanyar tunaninsa na Bezukhov. Pierre ya lura da cewa mutumin da yake a cikin sansanin ya haifar da jin dadi ga 'yan fursunoni. Bezukhova yana sha'awar yadda Plato ya cire takalmansa kuma ya shirya a kusurwarsa, don wani abu "zagaye", "soothing" da "m" an ji ko da a wannan.

Karateev ya dubi samari sosai, ko da yake yana da shekara 50. Ya kasance kamar lafiya da karfi. A musamman, da kama hankali "sabon" magana da Plato, wanda ya ɗauki siffar "matasa" da "rashin laifi". Karataev kullum ya shiga wani abu wanda ya yiwu ya shiga halin mutumin nan. Lokacin da aka kama shi, bai ji irin ciwo da gajiya ba, kamar yadda yake a gida.

Komawar Karataev zuwa rayuwa mai baƙunci a cikin yanayi marar kyau

Baya ga yanayin da aka saba, a waje da duk abin da ke matsa masa, Karataev ya sake dawowa zuwa salon salon. Ya kori dukan dangin da aka ƙera daga waje da karfi. Ga Plato, wanda yake wakiltar mutane a littafin Tolstoy "War and Peace," rayuwa mai kyau ya fi dacewa: tunawa mai tsada, da kuma ra'ayoyin game da amfanin, an haɗa su da ita. Saboda haka, ya yi magana game da abubuwan da suka faru na hanyar "Kirista", kamar yadda ya kira shi.

Plato ya mutu ne da gaske, yana jin daɗin jin daɗi da "jin dadi" kafin asirin mutuwa. Ya san cewa ba a matsayin gari ba ko azabtarwa, saboda haka babu wani wahala a fuskarsa: an bayyana shi ta hanyar "jin dadi."

Hoton Platon Karataev shine hoton mai bautar kirki wanda ba kawai ya zauna tare da mutane da dukan duniya cikin jituwa ba, yana sha'awar bayyanar rayuwa, amma ya iya tayar da Pierre Bezukhov, wanda ya shiga mummunan ruhaniya. Ga Pierre, ya kasance har abada a matsayin "mai sauƙi da gaskiya."

"Manyan Tunanin" a cikin littafin

"Manyan tunani" shine babban ra'ayin aikin "War and Peace". Lev Nikolaevich ya san cewa rayuwar rayuwar mutanen Rasha da "bukatun" masu zaman kansu, makoma, farin ciki, dukiya ba tare da la'akari da tarurruka da Alexander Napoleon ba, tsarin tsare-tsare na Speransky ko aikin diplomasiyya. Sai kawai abubuwan da suka faru na tarihin da suke jagorantar mutane zuwa motsi suna damuwa da ƙaddarar ƙasa, suna iya sauyawa, koyaushe da kyau, ko da haɓaka, mutum ɗaya. Yana da ƙaunar jama'a (a cikin littafin "War and Peace" da Tolstoy ya kwatanta halin jin dadin jama'a) ya jagoranci nasarar da Rasha ta samu a kan Faransanci.