Stone marten: bayyanar, hali da kuma abinci mai gina jiki

Kada ka san dalilin da ya sa dutse marten aka kira haka? Sanaki wannan kadan cute dabba? A ci? Iya da dutse marten rayuwa a cikin gida? A wadannan da wasu tambayoyi za mu yi kokarin amsa a wannan labarin.

waje siffofin

Marten - daya daga cikin na kowa aji na dabbobi masu shayarwa da yara. Wannan karamin dabba, da ciwon siriri kuma m jiki, Fluffy gashi ne mai tsanani maƙiyi ga dama dabbobi da tsuntsaye. Don kwanan wata, malamai sun gano 8 jinsunan marten. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu - dutse, da itace nau'in.

Stone marten yana da wani elongated siririn jiki, bushy da kuma dogon wutsiya. Ta wata gabar jiki ne takaice. Wannan dabba muzzle yana da wani triangular siffar. Cikin kunnuwa masu manyan, saita high. Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa wannan dabba ya yi kama da wani ferret. The kama ne haƙĩƙa akwai. Babban bambancin - tẽku mai haske tabo a kan kirjin marten, wucewa biyu ratsi a gaban kafafu. Amma dole ne ka sani cewa Asian yawan jinsin iya samun wani aibobi.

dabba Jawo kyawawan m, fentin a greyish-kasa-kasa ko brownish-yellow tint. The idanu ne duhu. da dare suka yi zafi a m launi. Stone marten, wani photo da za ka iya gani a wannan labarin, ya fita a kan ƙasa bayarda burbushi fiye da gandun daji "dan uwan." Ƙaura wannan kadan predator leaps, yayin da Hind kafafu a fili fada kan sawu na gaba. A sakamakon haka, zama kwafi, wanda dayansu kira "dvuhchetka".

Na gandun daji da tsuntsaye belodushka (marten) ya bambanta muhimmanci. Shi ne dan kadan ƙara wutsiya, wani tabo a kan wuyansa yana da wani yellowish tint duhu hanci, feet rufe gashi. Marten dutse soma girma, kuma ta girma Meunier. adult dabba jiki tsawon - 55 cm, wutsiya - 30 cm -. 1 to 2.5 kg. Maza suna da muhimmanci ya fi girma fiye mace.

Stone marten: fannin rarraba

Wannan dabba zaune a treeless duwãtsu na Altai a cikin Caucasus, a cikin floodplain gandun daji Ciscaucasia, da kuma wani lokacin a birane da wuraren shakatawa na kudancin yankunan Rasha. Rarraba wannan irin martens a Eurasia, a cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa, a Mongolia da kuma Himalayas.

Ta ya gana da a cikin Ukraine, da Baltics, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Tsakiya da kuma Middle Asia. A cikin gandun daji na dabba rayuwarsu, yana fifita bude sarari tare da kananan bushes da kuma riqo na wuccin guda itatuwa, m ƙasa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa halittar ta haka suna. Abin mamaki, wannan kadan dabba ba ji tsoron mutane quite sau da yawa shi za a iya samu a basements kuma zubarwa, attics gidãje.

Shin kana sha'awar a cikin batun na gida da ake tsare? A zaman talala, da na dutse marten kusan zaune. Domin wannan dalili, shi ne rare samu ko da a cikin ya fi girma zoos. Duk da haka, a kasar Jamus, da ta Tsakiya Zoo na Berlin, da Jamus gudanar ya halicci kusan cikakkiyar yanayi, kamar yadda kusa da su halitta mazauninsu.

subspecies

Ilmin halitta sun rarraba duk dutse marten cikin hudu subspecies.

1. Turai belodushka. Yana auku a wasu yankuna na Turai na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet da kuma yammacin Turai.
2. Crimean belodushka. Kamar yadda ya bayyana, shi ne wani mazaunin na Crimea. Yana yana da kadan daban-daban daga cikin sauran dangi na tsarin hakora, a kananan kwanyar da wani m launi.
3. Caucasian belodushka. Shi ne mafi girma subspecies rayuwa a cikin Caucasus, yana da muhimmanci da kuma kyakkyawan m Jawo underfur.
4. Central Asia belodushka zabi wani wurin zama na Altai. Ta pectoral tabo ne talauci ci gaba. Yana yana da matukar lush Jawo.

Halayyar a irin wannan yanayi

Stone marten yake aiki a yamma da kuma da dare. A lokacin da rana da suka yi barci a itãciya hollows ko shirya a sheƙarsu na tsuntsaye masu cin nama. Mafi yawa daga cikin marten rai za'ayi a kan rassan bishiyoyi, don haka akwai su ji sosai m - hawa cikin kututturan, tsalle daga reshe ya reshe. Su Jump iya zama har zuwa 4 mita.

Marten da hanzari matsawa tare ƙasa. Kowane mutum na da rabo, da iyakoki wanda shi kiwon musamman m. Idan wani dan hanya warware da ƙasa, da zai yiwu rikici tsakanin dabbobi. Duk da haka, a cikin su maza da mãtã jeri sau da yawa zoba. A fannin wadannan kaidi dabam dangane da lokaci na shekara. A lokacin bazara yankunan fiye da a cikin hunturu.

A civet eats

Marten - da yara, haka tushen su rage cin abinci kunshi kananan dabbobi - hakori, squirrels, zomaye, tsuntsaye. Mazauna kauyukan sun nuna cewa wadannan dabbobi ne quite m baƙi henhouses. Lokacin da tsuntsaye fara tsoro, kara, ko da quite da-Fed marten ba za su iya kashe ka ilhami - shi ne duk wucewa tsuntsaye.

Kamawa da ganima, predator tõno ta vertebrae, tsotse harshe, folded a cikin wani bututu, dumi jini. Stone marten iya cim kuma fahimci matsaransa tsuntsu ko hawa zuwa cikin soket da kuma ci qwai. A lokacin rani, da waɗannan dabbobi kama wani iri-iri na kwari, frogs. Marten wani lokacin kara zuwa ga rage cin abinci maras nama abinci, kamar yadda mai mulkin, berries ko 'ya'yan itatuwa.

A farauta domin dutse marten tarkuna

Domin da gogaggen mafarauci marten ne mai cancanta ganima. Wannan wayo, agile da sauri predator abin da yake iya a lokacin farauta da za a kewaye daban-daban da cikas, rawar daji da kuma boye a cikin bishiyoyi. The hukuma kakar farawa a watan Nuwamba. Kamar yadda muka ce, wannan nocturnal predator (marten). Farauta mai yiwuwa ne kawai a lokacin da dare. Kawai a cikin wannan hali ba ka koma gida hannu wofi.

A mafi inganci hanyar farautar wannan dabba ne yin amfani da tarkuna. Aka fi amfani da tarkon yawan 1. Kowane mafarauci yana da nasu asirin su kafuwa. Don raba daya daga cikinsu. Tarkuna dole ne a shigar a kan itacen rassan a wata tsawo daga sama zuwa mita biyu, alhãli kuwa ba su rufe kome snow. Kuma a lokacin da dabba da dama a cikin tarko, ba ya da wani damar fita (cikin igiyar ruwa).

A tarkon da koto dole ne a sanya a kusa da dukan tsiya da sawu. Mafarautan a kan marten (tarkuna) ba taro, kamar yadda da dama daga cikin wadannan dabbobi ne ba ma manyan. Har ila yau, samun wannan dabba ne wuya. Duk da haka, domin mafi m farauta marten - da coveted ganima.