Soviet tank T-34/76: hotuna da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A farkon barkewar tank T-34 da aka samar a cikin iri biyu. Saki a cikin wani karamin adadin T-34/5 m gun tsarin ZIS-4. T-34/76 ya da talakawan da kuma manyan sikelin-tanki da gun F-34. By tsakiyar yaki, ya zama wata babbar Soviet model. Yunƙurin na T-34/76, wanda ya faru a cikin watan Yuli 2016 a Voronezh yankin, taimaka wajen tunatar da ba ƙarni na da muhimmancin da kuma na almara. Sun fi mayar da godiya ga wannan na'ura, da Red Army gudanar ya karya tsatso na Jamus maƙiyi. A wannan labarin, za mu duba wasu ban sha'awa facts game da shi.

samarwa

A 1941 ya samar da sanannen gyara a uku shuke-shuke: a Kharkov, Stalingrad da kuma a kan "Red Sormovo" a Gorky. A farkon yakin, 25 Yuni, majalisar jama'ar kasar Commissars soma umartar bisa ga abin Soviet masana'antu da su muhimmanci ƙara samar da tankuna.

Zahiri halitta wani sabon tsarin samar. Da rawar da haddasa a cikinsa aka sanya wa shuka da lambar 183 a Kharkov, kuma ta zane ofishin. Soja zaci cewa wasu abubuwa masana'antu samar tank T-34/76, da kuma yin canje-canje a cikin tsarin, za shawarci tare da wannan kamfanin. A yi, abubuwa yi aiki daga daban. A hargitsi na yaki, da fitarwa na Kharkov shuka a Nizhny Tagil da sauran al'amura suka kai ga cewa wannan kasance kawai dabara da kuma fasaha halaye na model. A wasu sassa na shuke-shuke na daban-daban kayayyakin iya bambanta dan kadan. Title gyara, duk da haka, ya na kowa. 76 Number soma saboda halayyar 76-mm igwa.

Bayyanar da sojojin

Wartime tilasta rage wuya da kuma zamanintar da samarwa bisa ga canza conjunctural yanayi. A cikin watan Satumba 1941, bayan da kara na farko watanni na yaki, da T-34-76 fara zo en sun mayar da sojojin. Kalla na duk wannan soja hardware kasance a kan arewa maso yammacin wasan kwaikwayo da yadda ake gudanar.

Da fari dai, wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na dogon lokaci da aka sani kawai qananan (manyan abubuwan da suka faru ya faru a cikin Moscow yankin). Abu na biyu, da Leningrad Front ta sami kanta ya zama ruwan dare daga sauran da Tarayyar Soviet. Aika tankuna katange birnin a kan Neva ne musamman wuya. A sakamakon Lenfronta shakatawa yafi kunshi ba na taro T-34/76, da kuma hasken da T-26 da kuma HF nauyi ( "Clim Voroshilov").

Na tarakta - a tankuna

By Oktoba 1 ya 566 tankuna (65 na abin da suke T-34/76) a kan yammacin gaban. Kamar yadda gani daga wadannan Figures, yayin da rabo daga gyara zauna low. Mafi yawa daga cikin T-34/76 samar da sanya a cikin 1943, lokacin da ya zama mafi rare da recognizable Soviet tankuna. shi maye gurbin da wadannan gyare-gyare ne mafi kusanta zuwa karshen yaki - da T-34/85.

A kaka 1941 da babban m tankuna zama Stalingrad shuka. Kafin yaki shi an halitta a matsayin wata tarakta. A lokacin Stalin ta masana'antu akwai lokatan da dama irin kamfanonin, da kuma dukkan su sun gina tare da wani ido ga wani yiwu makamai rikici. Idan a peacetime da Stalingrad tarakta factory sanya, shi ne bayan da Jamus hari, saboda da peculiarities na samar, an sake masa suna sauri tanki. A wuri na noma kayan zo zuwa soja kayan aiki.

hunturu gwajin

Domin da farko lokacin da T-34/76 ya sanar da kansa a matsayin mai da duniya tank a cikin kaka na 1941. A waɗannan kwanaki, da Jamus duk da rundunoninsa garzaya zuwa Moscow. A Wehrmacht yi fatan a blitzkrieg, kuma jefa a cikin yaƙi more kuma mafi reserves. Soviet sojojin da aka mãsu bãyar da bãya zuwa babban birnin kasar. A yãƙi ya riga a kilomita 80 daga Moscow. A halin yanzu, sosai a farkon (a watan Oktoba) ya yin kankara da akwai snow murfin. A karkashin wadannan yanayi, haske tank T-60 da kuma T-40C rasa ikon rawar daji. Tã model shan wahala daga rashin su PPC da kuma watsa. A sakamakon haka, a muhimmanci mataki na yaki, an yanke shawarar yin babban tanki T-34/76. By nauyi, wannan na'ura da aka dauke talakawan.

Domin ta lokaci shi ne wani ingantaccen da kuma high-karshen kayan Soviet tank T-34/76, 1941 samfurin. Musamman girman kai constructor aka kira dizal engine B-2. Protivosnaryadnym makamai (tank muhimmanci m kashi) da za'ayi duk da ayyuka, da kuma dogara kare da ƙungiya daga 4 mutane. Manyan bindigogi tsarin F-34 daban-daban high-gudun harbi, kyale sauri zuwa magance abokan gaba. Wadannan uku halaye kula masana a cikin fari. Sauran siffofin na tanki da aka canja a cikin makon nuna.

heroes motocin dakon

Motocin dakon, suka yi jihãdi a kan T-34/76, suka naɗa wa kansu haka da yawa feats cewa ya lissafa su duka ne ba zai yiwu ba. A nan ne kawai wasu misalai daga cikin crews ƙarfin zuciya a lokacin yakin Moscow. Kaforin saja ci gaba zuwa wuta a maƙiyi, ko da duk comrades aka kashe, kuma cikin tanki da aka buga. Kashegari ya aka koma zuwa wani na'ura, ya hallaka biyu platoons na dakaru, wata na'ura-gun gida da kuma abokan gaba umurnin post. Ga na ƙarshe lokacin saja Kaforina buga fita a kauyen Kozlov. Ya harbe baya, ba tukuna ƙone tare da tanki.

Hakazalika, a wani rufe wuta yaki da motocin crews da siyasa malami Lieutenant Timerbaeva Mamontov. Tank kamfanin kwamandan Captain Vasilyev aka raunata, amma ya ci gaba da harba. Ya hanyar mu'ujiza gudanar ya fita daga cikin mota da 'yan mintoci kafin fashewa. Daga baya Vasilyev samu da suka cancanta lakabi na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Har ila yau, musamman dagewa daban-daban Red Army 28th Armoured Brigade.

tsaro na Moscow

Armoured sojojin sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a thwarting hukunci Jamus m on Moscow. Da suka yi a bauna, sakonnin da kuma kare mafi muhimmanci hanyar zuwa babban birnin kasar, rike da hanya har sai da isowa daga reinforcements. A daidai wannan umurnin sau da yawa ba su san yadda za a magance tare da tankuna. Kwararar inexperience da rashin fahimtar da hakikar da fasaha ta zamani, yayin da ma'aikatan na Red Army, a akasin haka, buga da abokan gaba da su ƙarfin hali da kuma tenacity.

A wannan lokacin mafi nagarta sosai sarrafa kungiyar, wanda hada da biyar sulke brigades (MAF): 1st Guards, 27, 28, 23 da kuma 33 Tank Brigade. Su sallama zuwa 16th Army da kuma rufe Volokolamsk shugabanci. Naushe kan Jamusawa da aka ajiye yafi daga kwanto. M faru da cewa ya faru a kan Nuwamba 16 a kewayen birni garin Athene. Soviet sojojin dauki up tsaron gida mukamai a kauyen. A tankuna bace a wurin kwantonsu. Ba da da ewa, maƙiyi kokarin kafa iko a kan owls. 80 German tankuna kiĩwon da dakarun na Red Army dakaru da kuma motorized bindiga birged. A mafi muhimmanci lokacin da 'yan kwanto sun Soviet inji, wanda mayar da matsayi wannan tarihi. A cikin yaƙi da shi da aka hallaka kusan duk Jamus tankuna da biyu dakaru kamfanoni.

model 1943

Major fadace-fadace da ya faru a 1943 kusa da kudancin Rasha steppes, inda akwai ikon yinsa, domin gudanar da rawar daji yaki da yin amfani da wani babban taro na kayan. Yana to, ya zama wata babbar Soviet tank T-34/76. A tsarin da aka ba kerarre a Stalingrad. A maimakon haka, da samar da an koma Omsk, Chelyabinsk da Sverdlovsk.

By tsakiyar yaki ƙare tare da wani (albeit kananan) na zamani da T-34/76. Akwai aka niƙe da kuma kyakkyawan hasumiya, da sabon gearbox da aka gabatar. Kowane zane ofishin ruxani a kan yadda za a kara da babban samar da inji, yayin da rike da ingancin ta aiki. A gaskiya ma, a kan Hauwa'u na Kursk yaƙi tank T-34/76 na 1943 ya zauna a wani kadan canji na da wanda ya riga, abin da ya bayyana a farkon yakin.

shortcomings

A halin yanzu, a cikin shakka daga soja ayyuka a lokacin da counter-m na Red Army fara nuna gagarumin zane flaws cewa bambanta Soviet tank T-34/76. Its ingancin ya Jamus kishiya ga yarda jim kadan bayan da shan kashi na Wehrmacht a Stalingrad. A Reich gane cewa kasar shi ne lokacin da za a shirya a dogon lokaci total yaki (kuma ba Blitzkrieg). Saboda tabarbarewar jama'a na jindadin fi albarkatu a cikin ƙananan soja kasafin kudi. Akwai sabon gyare-gyare na Jamus aikin injiniya.

A farko kalubale ga T-34/76 ya da rashin maneuverability na tanki. Ba tare da shi, da model zama musamman m. A sabili da wani aibi ya da rashin gudun watsa iko. Riga mai T-34/76 daga cikin samfurin a cikin 1942 yana da wani 4-gudun gearbox, yayin da kasashen waje mota - a 5-6 gudun. Bugu da kari, cikin Soviet gearboxes bambanta a wahala. Daga cikin direba ta bukata mai yawa fasaha da kuma karfin mu jimre wa da shi, yayin da Jamus tank crews bai sani game da irin wannan inconveniences.

sabon makiya

A cikin shiri domin mafi muhimmanci yakin Kursk, da Soviet umurnin fatan cewa Rasha tankuna a magance da sabon Jamus model ba tare da wani babbar neman sauyi canje-canje a cikin zane. Wannan imani karfafa sabon makamai sokin harsasai, wanda ya bayyana a kan Red Army a watan Afrilu 1943. Duk da haka, a lokacin da T-34/76 ya fara wasa a kai a kai duel tare da babban abokan adawar a fuskar Jamus "damisa".

Kursk karshe dispelled da mafarki na Kremlin. Bugawa "Tigers", "Ferdinand" da "Panthers" sun yawa fiye Soviet fasahar, lagging bãyansu ga shekara biyu ko uku. Da alama cewa bambancin ne negligible. A gaskiya, a lokacin da yaki ci gaban fasaha a cikin sojojin sha mai girma gudun, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa har ma da karami rata daga abokin gaba zai iya zama m.

Aiki a kan kwari

All sama da matsaloli na T-34/76 sun mafi tsanani kalubale ga Soviet zanen kaya. Aiki a kan kwari fara nan da nan. A farko samar da sabon kwalaye kaya shuka fara a Sverdlovsk. Akwai sabon 5-gudu gearbox, kuma baya 4-gudun sabunta hanyoyin. A samar da fara yin amfani da ingantaccen lalacewa-resistant karfe. Har ila yau, masana sun gwada sabon watsa zane (Updated bearings, baza aka gyara, da sauransu. D.). Sverdlovsk tawagar ir gudanar ya sa a cikin samar da main kama actuator, wanda muhimmanci yuwuwa aikin direba.

The kyautata shasi wani kyautata, wanda ya samu wani updated tank T-34/76. photo inji daga daban-daban jerin da kuma bayyanar ba zai iya zama daban-daban, amma mafi muhimmanci bambanci tsakanin su da ke cikin ciki management. Suka karfafa ƙafafun da idler rollers, inganta AMINCI na zane, da sauransu. D. Bugu da kari, duk tankuna da aka gudanar da wani ƙarin factory gwaji.

Back a kasuwanci

A watan Yuli 1943, a karon farko ya fara shafar inganta a kan ta ƙarshe 'yan watanni ya halartar wani tanki T-34/76. Ban sha'awa facts bar baya da sanannen Battle of Prokhorovka. 5th Guards Tank Army sanya wani mini ne unprecedented Maris.

Domin kwanaki uku da jiki da kadan hasarori a cikin ma'aikata da ya faru game da 350 kilomita. Quite bisa abke, domin da Jamus, wadannan mahadi lazimta a yaki da kuma rushe Jamus hari. Makiya rasa game da kwata na da tankuna.

Karshen aiki

Wani babban kalubalen na Soviet fasahar da aka Belarushiyanci m, 1944. Tun da farko a nan, kazalika a arewa maso yammacin Rasha, ya bayyana a labarai binciken nutsar a cikin swamps na soja motocin. Ciki har sau da yawa samar tank dagawa da T-34/76.

A Belarus, da dabara ya motsa a kan yashi da tsakuwa hanyoyi ne ba da mafi kyau quality, ko da gandun daji da kuma swamps. A wannan yanayin, da tabbatarwa lokaci rasa. Duk da matsaloli sabon watsa T 34/76 cika ta aiki da kuma hana shawagin 1000 kilomita (50-70 kilomita per day).

Bayan Byelocountryn aiki da wannan model karshe ya hanya zuwa na gaba 85 minutes gyara. A karshe tsira tank T-34/76 da aka samu a kasa na kogin Don a cikin Voronezh yankin. Yana kawo wa surface a watan Yuli 2016. A find za a nuna a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya.