Soviet cosmonaut kuma masanin kimiyya Valentin Lebedev biography

Duniya - a hatsi da yashi idan aka kwatanta da immeasurable ikon sararin samaniya. M star gungu, m taurari, m baki ramuka - m mazaunan duniya, da sharuddan da suke cutarwa ga earthlings. Space da kuma duk abin da alaka da shi, domin ƙarni janyo hankalin da m m hankulansu. nazarin da bincike sakamakon ya kasance mai yalwa a cikin ilmi da wannan babbar da kuma kaucewa hanya duniya mana. Hakika, a cikin wannan yanki na ci gaba suna da za'ayi ci gaba kamar yadda zai yiwu su koyi da dokoki na halittu har abada. Mutanen da suka sadaukar da rayukansu da wannan aiki, ba shakka, cancanci girmamawa. Yana ilmin Taurari, cosmologists, astrophysicists da 'yan saman jannati.

Moscow yara

Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich - Soviet cosmonaut, PhD, farfesa kuma master of wasanni. Wannan mutumin yana bauta wa da aminci ya cancanci hanyar sarari bincike, don haka da tabbaci entrenched a cikin tarihi na duniya sarari. Duniya Register sanya lambar 70, da kuma bisa ga Soviet ƙidaya - lambar 29. Valentin Lebedev a lokacin da yake aiki sanya biyu flights hayin Duniya da zarar kuma for quite lokaci mai tsawo (fiye da sa'o'i biyu), ya fito a fili.

Future jannati aka haife shi a Moscow. haihuwarsa kwanan wata ne da aka sani: Afrilu 14, 1942. Ya aka kawo a cikin wani talakawa iyali. Uwarsa - Antonina Fedorovna - yi aiki a matsayin akawu, kuma ubansa - damban ne Vitaly Vladimirovich - zaɓi wani soja. Kila, da shawarar da yaro zabi wannan m sana'a an rinjayi mahaifinsa genes. Valentin Lebedev karatu a Naro-Fominsk makarantar sakandare yawan 4, daga wanda ya kammala a shekara ta 1959. A wannan lokaci, saurayin ya yanke shawarar a kan motsi vector da kuma manyan al'amurra a rayuwa da kuma yanke shawarar zabi tafarkin da matukin jirgi.

Long hanya zuwa sarari: farkon

Orenburg Aviation School - wannan shi ne m zabi na nan gaba 'yan saman jannati. Ilimi a can ya yarda da Guy kafa kanta a cikin tunani da na correctness na zaba hanya. Abin baƙin ciki, a waɗannan kwanaki da shi ya faru da reorganization da kuma rage daga cikin Armed Forces da Tarayyar Soviet, don haka m canje-canje sun faru a wannan yankin. Ƙarshe Aviation School, wanda ya faru Lebedev horo watse. Valentine ya yanke shawarar ba su canja mafarki da kuma shigar da Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Confucius a Faculty of jirgin sama. Amma da binciken da aka ba iyakance wa saurayin, kuma a cikin layi daya sai suka fara samar da wuya kasuwanci jirgin sama management. Ya tashi a irin wannan na'urorin kamar yadda Yak-18, il-29 hadu MI-1. Kuma ya fara tare da ci gaban gliders (Kai-12). Saboda haka, Valentin Lebedev ji ikon da ƙarfe da jirgin sama, to iko da su.

Aiki a Jamhuriyar Design ofishin

Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi a Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Institute mai suna bayan S. Ordzhonikidze Guy ƙaddamar da wani aikace-aikace don kudin shiga ga cosmonaut. Kuma a shekarar 1963, ya samu shawarwarin da Cibiyar reshen jam'iyyar. Yana sauti abin mamaki bane, amma a Soviet sau, shi ba zai yiwu ba tare da irin wannan goyon baya zama m aiki a tsanani kungiyoyi. Bayan kammala karatu daga kwalejin, Valentin Lebedev samu izinin yin aiki a Jamhuriyar Design ofishin. Wannan kungiyar nan jagorancin almara S. P. Korolov. Daga baya, a shekarar 1979, da ma'aikata da aka sake masa suna kuma zama da aka sani da NPO "Energia". A wannan kungiyar, Valentin Lebedev, wanda biography ya sanya ta hukunci bi da bi, ya fita daga talakawa m ga m bincike.

A 1967, wani masanin kimiyya da hannu a cikin expeditions a tekun Indiya, shirya domin samun unmanned kumbon sama jannati "Zond", amfani ga manufa ga watã. A shekara, kuma a Indiya m ya jagoranci wani taro na masana, wanda bauta "Zond-5" - da tashar sararin samaniya a kewayewa da Moon da kuma na farko da ya samar da high quality-images earthlings na mu tauraron dan adam.

Lebedev Valentin Anatolevich more hankali danganta da ayyukan da halittu da kuma aukuwa a wannan yanki. An nuna wannan ta kara turakun da ya biography:

• Inganta gwaji na hanyar ceto ga sarari crews saukowa a kan ruwa da kuma ƙasar.
• Ya halarci jirgin gwaje-gwaje na wannan jirgin ruwa kamar "Ci gaba", "Union" na orbital tashar "Salyut" (hudu zuwa shida).
• Ya yi aiki a cosmodrome "Baikonur" kai na gudanar da-fasaha kungiyar.
• Ya kasance wani malami da kuma malami a Cosmonaut Training Center, inda horar da ma'aikatan jirgin "Soyuz" (4-9) zuwa tashi.
• Bunƙasa takardun hanyoyin manual Tashar sarrafa da kuma rendezvous, kazalika da sarrafa jirgin da orbital tashar.

Flight shiri

Bayan samu dole kwarewa, yin irin wannan bambancin ayyuka, Valentin Lebedev zo kusa da manufa. A shekarar 1969, manyan m samu damar zuwa horo na musamman. Da mafificin Home likita jirgin bayan hankali da kuma na sosai jarrabawa na nan gaba sama jannati. Wannan ya faru a cikin ganuwar a mutunta kungiyar, da ake kira Cibiyar ilimin halittu da aikin likita matsaloli. A dangane da wannan muhimmin taron, a cikin rãyuwar Lebedev, dole ne ya katse da karatu a makarantar gwajin matukan jirgi. A lokacin binciken da ya yi Master piloting jirgin saman soja "MIG-15" da "Mig-21".

Bayan m shiri domin sarari jirgin (as dogon matsayin madadin) Valentin V. nuna kyau kwarai sakamakon haka da cewa jabu da aka sa suna a cikin ƙasa ƙungiya.

A farko sarari tafiya Lebedev

Fara jirgin da ya faru a shekarar 1973, a cikin hunturu (Disamba 18). Valentin Lebedev yana cikin "Soyuz-13" sararin ƙungiya a matsayin wani jirgin m. Ya kira alamar - "Kavkaz-2." Jirgin ya short-rayu - game 7 kwanaki, amma ya mai girma kimiyya muhimmanci. Gaskiyar cewa sarari jirgin aka sanye take da wani sabon tsarin na nesa daga cikin iri "Orion-2", godiya ga hadewa aikin da latest kayan aiki da kuma masu sana'a injiniyoyi sun fara mafi muhimmanci astrophysical kallo na ultraviolet bakan a cikin injin.

Bayan shekaru biyu, bayan da ya fara gudu Lebedev kare rubutun a kan ƙungiya horo ta yin amfani da horo tsayawar da kuma umarni da dabaru da inganta shi. Duk wannan lokaci, xan sama jannatin ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin "Energy" NGO. PhD sabawa rubuce-rubucensu, brilliantly kare ta da shi, yayi wani tushen sabon, inganta look at horo kafin ya shiga fili. Musamman muhimmanci shi ne mafi idon basira yanayi na ganin: taurarin sararin samaniya rendezvous nuances Tashar sarrafa, sarari waƙoƙi.

Flight m tare da kira alamar "Elbrus-2"

Na biyu jirgin Lebedev, da aka gudanar a shekarar 1982 a kan sarari hadaddun kira "Soyuz T-5" (baya daga gare shi, akwai irin wannan jirgin kamar yadda wani kaya jirgin "Ci gaba", da orbital tashar "Salyut-7"), ya shiga Guinness Littafi na Records lokacin kiranka na tsaya a cikin sarari (fiye da kwanaki 211). Jirgin ya sauka a tarihi ba kawai cikin sharuddan duration, amma kuma saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin wannan lokaci Lebedev gudanar da yawa gwaje-gwajen da kuma aiwatar da wani m bincike shirin. Sha'awa, wannan manufa jirgin m ya ba raba tare da kira alamar "Elbrus-2". A lokacin da jirgin, Lebedev spacewalks kuma zauna a can sama da sa'o'i biyu. A sakamakon haka, ya aka bayar da daraja na malami-gwajin cosmonaut na farko aji.

Af, na hadaddun orbital tashar "Salyut-7", don tsara kimiyya, likitanci da fasaha da bincike a wani wuri, shi ne latest model a cikin wannan jerin.

M kimiyya gwaje-gwajen

A lokacin da ya biyu sarari tafiye-tafiye talented jirgin injiniya da game da ɗari uku da zama dole gwaje-gwajen a fannoni daban daban na kimiyya da fasaha. Mutane da yawa daga cikinsu sun kasance musamman. Auna da abun da ke ciki na yanayi a kusa da tashar, tãtacce vibration matakan ciki da sarari kashi, da hanyoyin shiri na bakararre nazarin halittu samfurori. Kuma a karshe, a karon farko a tarihin astronautics a kan jirgin da kumbon sama jannati horar da shuka da ake kira "Arabidopsis", wanda ya halartar cikakken raya ci gaban sake zagayowar.

Bugu da kari, shi yiwuwa a samar da hanyar da m iko "Salyut-7" tashar sararin samaniya domin gane tectonics da ma'aunan kasa Tsarin kan wannan duniya tamu. Kuma haka dai aka ba da ambato a abin da shugabanci wajibi ne don gudanar da bincike domin mai, iskar gas da kuma polymetallic adibas a cikin Altai yankin.

Bayan da jirgin, Valentin Lebedev ci gaba da aiki a cikin zane ofishin da kuma tafiyar da kimiyya da ayyukan. Alal misali, a shekarar 1985, injiniya kare doctoral rubutun a kan methodological aukuwa, gudanarwa da ayyukan orbital tsarin da kuma kara da ingancinsu. Wannan aikin ya zama wasu har juyin juya halin Musulunci - shi Valentin V. samarwa don inganta aikin da ma'aikatan jirgin, raba shi da ba dole ba na yau da kullum, da kuma sanya sabawa da wuri daga cikin harbi kayan aiki.

Valentin Lebedev: jannati diary

Bugu da kari to kimiyya takardunku (193), wanda har yanzu dauki matsayin da akai da dalibai da dama jami'o'i takamaiman fuskantarwa, Valentin V. rubuta littattafai. Alal misali, "My girma" da kuma "Materials bincike jirgin m." Amma wadannan ayyukan da aka halitta ta amfani da kayan na almara "Diary of wani jannati." The musamman da suka bambanta da records, cewa su, ba za a wallafa, amma kawai don nuna su ji da motsin zuciyarmu a kan takarda. Ba biya da hankali ga style, xan sama jannatin da aka bayyana kwanaki kafin a fara, a lokacin, da kuma kasancewa a kan jirgin da tashar. Abin lura rantsuwa ba da Lebedev kansa kawai kafin jirgin. A da shi, ya yi alkawarin ba to zafi, ba su zarga da abokin zama da alhakin yanke shawara da kuma a ba da cikakken aiki.

Hakika, akwai wani wuri a cikin diary, da kuma juyayinsu cewa, xan sama jannatin yana da ga iyali, uwar. Tsakanin Lines akwai wani bege ga wata iyali da kuma duniya. Har ila yau a cikin rikodin hada da bayanai game da jiki wahala daidaita da wa Extraterrestrial yanayi: rashin barci, tashin zuciya, m ciwon kai. Akwai m m dalilai - ya na da wuya kafa lamba tare da wani abokin tarayya, saboda tara danniya.

"Diary of wani xan sama jannatin" farko ta dage labulen da kuma nuna rayuwar yau da kullum na wadannan mutane, su tunani da kuma juyayinsu. Wadannan records ne sosai umarni ga wadanda sha'awar ayyuka a cikin sarari.

Awards sun samu heroes

Fice cosmonaut Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga sarari, astrophysical, kewayawa da ma'aunan kasa safiyo. Wannan mutumin da gaske sadaukar da rayuwarsa don kimiyya, ba zai iya taimaka amma lashe yawa lambobin yabo da insignia. Ya bai nemi zama Celebrity, amma kawai high quality, kuma da ran aikinsa. Alal misali, ko da yayin da hutu, Valentin V. ba zai iya zama ba tare da aiki - tare da dalibai, sai ya tafi taimaka a gina da almara na BAM, ga wanda ya samu wani lambar yabo - da lambar "Ga gina BAM." Bugu da kari, xan sama jannatin aka bayar da wadannan lakabobi da alamomi na fifiko:

• "Hero na Tarayyar Soviet" (sau biyu).
• IV digiri Order "Ga yabo".
• Order of Lenin (biyu awards).
• "Ga isa yabo a cikin bincike na sarari" - a samu lambar.
• Faransa jannati samu cikin Order na Tuli na karimci.
• Karĩmi ma'aikacin kimiyya.

Bugu da kari, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, ya gudu da aka jera a cikin Guinness Littafi na Records, da Moscow Cosmonauts lungu ne a fasa ɗaukaka da jirgin m, Valentin V. ne digirorin girmamawa jama'a na da yawa Rasha birane, musamman, Naro-Fominsk. Kuma NASA ta tsara shirin yin Lebedev digirorin girmamawa jama'a na Jihar Texas domin wani gagarumin taimako ga ci gaban astronautics. A karshe, daya daga cikin qananan taurari suna bayan da talented masanin kimiyya - a yanke shawara da aka yi ta kasa da kasa astronomical Union.

Kadan game da sirri rai

Amma ga sirrinka Valentina Vitalevicha Lebedeva, duk abin da yake yi karko - an dade da aure zuwa wani kyakkyawan mace kusa da shi duka biyu a ruhu, da masu sana'a sharuddan (ma injiniya). Lyudmila Vitalevna, xan sama jannatin matarsa, shi ne a halin yanzu a cikin ja da baya a matsayi na pensioner. The biyu da dan haife shi a shekara ta 1972 - damban ne Vitaly V .. Ya aiki a matsayin lauya.

The biyu Lebedev da jikansa kuma jikanyar Anastasia Demid. Valentin V. da iyalinsa na zaune a cikin Moscow.