Sosai modified kwalta m da kuma rage shafi thicknesses.

Sosai modified kwalta m da kuma rage shafi thicknesses.

A amfani da high polymer-modified kwalta m for shafi (TOFMS) zai iya rage kauri daga cikin rufi Layer yayin da rike ko wucewa kwaikwayon na more iko yadudduka na kwalta tare da na al'ada coatings ko a sosai nauyi zirga-zirga. Wadannan sakamakon zo National Center for Kwalta Technology (NCAT) bayan gwaji.

A karo na hudu sake zagayowar bincike (2009-2012), da za'ayi a cikin NCAT gwajin hanya a Opelika, Alabama, United States, shi ya nuna cewa gwaji polygon sassan aza kwalta a kan tushen da HDI Rut zurfin kan talakawan 1/3 kasa da a kula da kashi hanya (Layer kauri a kula da rabi ne 18% fi a cikin gwaji). A kashi tare da kwalta-tushen VMPS da wani iko kashi da aka bayar tare da wani shafi, kerarre a daya masana'antu tsari Superave [1].

A gwajin da sakamakon da aka buga a cikin taro kan iyaka (28-29 Fabrairu 2012) a Hotel a Auburn University da Dixon Conference Center, Auburn, Alabama.

Research Opportunities landfill

NCAT gwajin waƙa da aka gina a 2000. Its tsawon - 2.7 km, da siffar da hanya - wani ellipse. Dalilin da hanya - da kara gwajin a kan segments na 60 mita, wanda waƙa da lalacewa ga dukan hidimar rayuwa ne kera for 2 shekaru. Test shafukan da damar injiniyoyi da masu bincike zuwa awo, rikodi da kuma nazarin halayen, ya rufe manyan lodi domin ci gaba da ya fi dacewa da kuma tasiri coatings.

Mãkirci ana azurta nazarin irin wannan tallafawa kamar yadda Tarayya Road Administration (FHWA), da kuma jihar sassan harkokin sufuri kamfanoni gwajin garwayayye ga hanya marufai a kan kowane sake zagayowar. Yi, aiki da kuma gudanar da bincike a shafin ne da kuma tallafin da kokari na hukumomin da kuma kamfanoni, kowanne daga abin da ya aikata da kansa bincike shirin.

The abu na kwanan nan bincike sake zagayowar tsarin karfe da kuma surface shafi. Shiri domin binciken sun hada da maimaitawa ko vosstanovlenie17 sassan na hanya (na duka na 46). Daya daga cikinsu shi da N7 site a kan abin da kwalta da aka dage farawa a kan tushen da HDI, da fasahar ci gaba da tallafa wa sashen na kamfanin Kraton Performance polymers.

A tsawon lokaci da kowane nazari sake zagayowar - shekaru uku. A wannan lokaci, zai yiwu a gina ko sake gina shafukan, to canzawa tsawon shekaru biyu, da ya kwarara daga sufurin kaya kai, bincika da bayanai da kuma shirya rahotanni. A halin yanzu a cikin site shirya na biyar jerin karatu a wanda za a dismantled sauran yankunan (Spring 2012) da kuma gina sabon (marigayi rani 2012). Fara yunkuri na landfill da aka shirya yi a watan Agusta 2012.

Extreme danniya, mai tsanani gwaje-gwaje

A kwaikwaiyo da aka yi a karkashin wadannan shirin: polygon amfani da sassan miliyan 10 hawan keke kwatankwacin 8.2 m lasafta axial kaya (ESAL) 2 years. Babban Motoci aiki motsi a cikin biyu canjawa. Wannan 8-axis 70-ton manyan motoci da Trailers wanda yi da ci gaba da motsi a kowace rana daga 5,00 zuwa 23,00. Kowace daga cikin biyar manyan motoci wucewa game da 1100 km a rana.

Domin sauƙaƙe gwaji a shafin samu wani daban-daban Accessories: thermistors shigar a daban-daban zurfin kwalta matafiya da kuma haɗa ta atomatik weather tashar a shafin. Wannan data taimaka wajen kimanta da aiki yanayi na kowane daga cikin shafukan. Reaction rufe kaya da aka auna da iri gauges da kuma matsa lamba na'urori masu auna sigina shigar a wasu zurfin. Wireless cibiyar sadarwa shigar cikin waƙar, samar da high-gudun data ga babban uwar garke.

Kowane mako NCAT cak amfani da wani inertial profiler tare da dual scanning Laser aunawa kayan aiki ma'auni: auna roughness na kowane dabaran hanya, makrotekstura dama dabaran hanya hanya na kowane dabaran a kan kowane gwajin tazara. Kuma dauka sauran matakan: ba hallakaswa yawa ya saba da profile sassan. Kowane mako tasiri gwajin fadowa nauyi deflectometer kuma, kazalika da zanen taswira da surface fatattaka. Da zarar wata daya, da gogayya da gwaje-gwaje gudanar (ta amfani da cikakken-size gogayya rejista). Da gwaje-gwaje a kan mutunci da permeability suna gudanar da zarar kwata. Samfur don kayyade hatimi kowane shafi Layer ne ma sanya kowane kwata.

Domin ya rage wuya metering da hulda tsakanin sigogi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma a cikin filin, NCAT ma'aikatan ance wani babban rabo daga cikin cakuda a cikin ma'aikata a lokacin shiri na kowane gwajin site da baya amfani ga yi na cakuda samfurori domin awon gwaji. Alal misali, cakuda for tushe Layer ne hõre wata wahala bã gwajin kaya (da sandunansu samfurori) da kuma antiphase load. A cakuda for saman Layer aka gwada domin sanin tsauri modulus, flowability gwajin analyzer kwalta matafiya da knurled dabaran-naúrar for kirga da juriya ga m nakasawa. Cakuda for saman Layer kuma fuskanci superposition gwajin ga masu rarrafe nakasawa da kuma tensile makamashi rabo. Duk da wannan damar da mu domin sanin m daga cikin cakuda zuwa fatattaka.

Nazarin tsarin sigogi

A karo na hudu gwajin sake zagayowar hada NCAT m bincike mãkirci (tallafawa ci gaba da bincike fara a baya), bincike yankunan da coatings na sabon blends, tsarin karatu. Ma'anar kalmar sake gini da gyaran 17 shafukan da aka kammala a watan Agusta na 2009, da dan kwangila nada da sakamakon da hamayya. Daga cikin wadannan shida yankunan da suke da aka tsara don tsarin gwajin,] auki nauyin sashen sufuri na jihohi shida. Daga cikin su akwai kamfanin Kraton sashe. Coatings aka sanya a kan sassan fasahar Superpave zafi kwalta garwayayye. Layer kauri ga tsarin gwajin bambanta daga 175 mm zuwa 140 mm (Kraton Company sashe) a cikin sassan na 225 mm (na wanda fiye da 150 mm - daga cikin tushe abu da kuma high yawa m substrate). A dukan bitumen, amfani da maimaitawa na shafi na dauke 0.5% protivozadirochnoy ƙari.

A shafi a kan rabo daga Kraton (N7) aka sanya yin amfani da TOFMS, da kauri daga Layer - 140 mm. The m qunshi 7.5% modified styrene-butadiene styrenic (SBS) polymer. A lura da rabi yana da wani kauri daga 175 mm, saman biyu yadudduka suna sanya tare da 3% SBS-polymer.

Tarayya gwamnati ta hanya tabbatar da abũbuwan amfãni daga polymer gyara

Binders, modified polymers, kamar ternary copolymer na SBS, an gano kara amfani a yi nauyi (Tarayya gwamnati bayani a kan motorways). The fasaha rahoton na Satumba 2010. [2] Administration Notes cewa modified m ne mafi na roba da kuma yana da mafi girma stiffness halaye (danko) a low kuma high yanayin zafi, wanda sun fi mayar da saduwa da bayani dalla-dalla ga high quality kwalta binders aji Superpave [3] . Wadannan bayani dalla-dalla ake daura wa muhalli da kuma hanya da yanayi na musamman abu. A polymer modified binders ne kullum classified kuma an yi amfani da waɗannan lokuta idan index PG (sa a low zazzabi + daraja a high zafin jiki) mafi girma daga 90 (misali., PG 70-22).

Bugu da ari, rahoton ya nuna da abũbuwan amfãni daga yin amfani da polymers na "Kasancewa da ɗan tsada tsarki binders ga kwalta garwayayye, polymer modified binders a zafi Mixes samar da sarari karuwa halaye - kadan rutting, rage gajiya fatattaka, rage fatattaka a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi, - musamman a cikin wani high lodi da wuya yanayin damina. Dangane da kudin da kuma cika halaye na musamman zuwa ga wannan yanki. (Ina nufin, Gwargwadon yanayin), da darajar dangane da gaurayawan na polymer-modified cementitious lifecycle iya zama da muhimmanci ƙananan fiye da kudin garwayayye da unmodified m. "

A rahoton kuma ya ce da gwaninta na aiki da irin wannan coatings ne tabbatacce, kuma cewa, tun da shi ya musanya ga mafi alhẽri, daidai da ci gaban fasaha.

Cin Nasara da gazawar hõre polymers da kwanciya bakin ciki kwalta pavements

Company Kraton Performance polymers DGVC raya fasahar don inganta karfin da shafi da kuma ta jure rutting, potholes da fatattaka yayin da rage kauri daga cikin rufi.

Domin da filin gwaji na wannan samfurin kamfanin bayar NCAT kwangila to gina shafi Layer 140 mm m, a yankin domin nazarin sake zagayowar N7 2009-2012.

Da abun ciki na SBS-modified polymer (7.5%) a yi amfani da abun da ke ciki na m ne 1.5-2 sau da saba adadin polymer amfani ga m gyare-gyare.

Idan adadin polymer a cikin m sama da wannan matakin, da danko da m ƙaruwa haka cewa cakuda zama da wuya sosai, don samar da su ne musamman wuya da za a aza a kan abu. Company ɓullo da Kraton SBS-polymer D0243, wanda za a iya gauraye da kwalta m, a adadin 7.5% da kuma sama, ba tare da kara danko na m.

Development of wani sabon polymer ne mai ci gaba aikin fara a 2004 da masu bincike tare da masana zirga-zirga injiniya Lab a Delft University of Technology (Netherlands), da most da kuma mafi tsufa a jihar fasaha jami'a. Babban manufar da masu bincike saka da wadannan: don gano ko yana yiwuwa ya kara da sabis rai na matafiya tushe yadudduka amfani da SBS-modified da / ko rage kauri daga cikin kwalta matafiya.

Hanyar bincike - gwaji na kwalta samfurori da gajiya da kuma stiffness da lankwasawa da maki hudu, rikitarwa inji tensile gwajin da kuma matsawa. Mun kimanta daban-daban na polymer (SBS) da daban-daban yawa. Gajiya gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa gwaji canje-canje a cikin Properties na kwalta garwayayye fiye na SBS-polymer bukata. Haka kuma, abu na karshe mataki na gwaji ya fara da binders SBS abun ciki na 6% da kuma 7.5%.

Rikitarwa inji gwaji na kwalta garwayayye nuna inganta yi garwayayye, SBS modified idan aka kwatanta da unmodified mahadi. A sakamakon ya nuna wasu bambance-bambance a cikin yaduwa daga halaka (tara komowar deformations) ga coatings dangane modified da unmodified m. Ko a thinner shafi Layer (150 mm) na SBS-modified kwalta lalacewar rubuce a cikin juz'i na 4 shi ne sau kasa da 250 mm Layer na unmodified kwalta. Unmodified, mafi iko, da shafi nuna 4.5 sau fiye da komowar nakasawa fiye da bakin ciki shafi na modified kwalta.

Yi N7 kashi, idan aka kwatanta da iko mãkirci

A shafi a kan sashi N7 gwajin site aka gina daga 3 yadudduka da zafi cakuda (Table 1). Maras tushe Layer (55 mm) da kuma tsakiyar Layer (55 mm) da aka qirqiro daga cakuda barbashi tare da diamita na 19 mm dutse. A topsheet (30 mm) sanya daga cakuda dutse (9.5 mm). All uku yadudduka daga cikin cakuda a kan tushen da modified m tare da wani abun ciki na 7,5% SBS. Halitta cakuda, compaction, da kuma sauran sigogi ne kama da iko rabo (kadai bambance-bambance ne a cikin m abu da kuma Layer kauri).

Shafi S9 iko yankin yana da jimillar kauri da 175 mm kuma kunshi uku yadudduka - tushe na 75 mm, a tsakiyar Layer na 70 mm da kuma a saman Layer na 30 mm (Table 2). Upper da kuma tsakiyar yadudduka an sanya daga cakuda ta amfani da wani m modified tare da 3% SBS. A cikin gwajin da kuma kula da shafukan SUPERPAVE garwaye da Hanyar [1] amfani da wannan abu, amma yankin ɗaukar hoto N7 18% thinner fiye da kula da mãkirci S9, da m amfani - Hima maimakon PG 76-22 (amfani da iko mãkirci) . Dukansu shafukan da aka gina a kan m zane.

Result: kasa zurfin ma'auni

Transport gwaje-gwaje a cikin site aka kammala a watan Satumba na shekarar 2011, a lokacin da kaya ne miliyan 10. Inji daidai da lasafta dirka da aka yi. NCAT ma'aikatan ya yi nazari gwani nazarin da bayanan da aka tattara. A wani taro a watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2012, ban da wasu bayanan da aka gabatar da bayanai game da talakawan iri a kan hanya mirgina dabaran (ma'auni Education):

- wani iko rabo nakasawa S9 rufi kauri daga 175 mm ya 7.1 mm. A N7 rabo (Hima) mai rufi kauri 144 mm Rut zurfin ya 2.2 mm.

- Map Location fatattaka a N7 saukar da wani karaya da shafi. Analysis kaga NCAT dangane da ainihin kaya data da kuma lissafin dangane da ma'aunai, kazalika da jimiri iyaka gajiya samfurori a matsayin wani shigen sukari, ya nuna cewa gajiya ƙarfi ne N7 shafi rabo ya inganta da yawa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shafi halaye na iya zama mafi alhẽri daga da iko mãkirci, ciki har da matsayin da yaduwa da gajiya fasa daga kasa zuwa sama.

Gyara na lalace sashe tare da cakuda dangane Hima

Ability don rage kauri da wani kwalta cover, yayin da tabbatar da high yi - daya daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni Hima m, kuma shi da aka samu a kan m rabo daga gwajin site.

A mãkirci ne N8, wanda aka] auki nauyin da sashen sufuri na Oklahoma, aka lalace a lokacin bincike sake zagayowar 2009-2012. Ba ta kasance ba na farko rauni, da ke rubuce a cikin shafin.

A karshen wata sake zagayowar na nazarin na 2006-2009. yankin da aka lura m gajiya fatattaka. A yi site N8 dan kwangila aza shafi kauri daga 250 mm zuwa 1.2 m matalauta ingancin webs, wanda ya sãɓã, daga m ruwa zuwa ga kula da sashe.

A kan yi sashen sufuri na Oklahoma tambayi NCAT amfani da wani ganye takamaiman gona da irin, ƙasa halaye irin wannan a Oklahoma, sani na da low hali iya aiki. A shafi da aka halakar da kuma lalace rabo da aka gyara: 125 mm an yanke saman Layer, a wurin da aka sanya a cakuda da wannan abun da ke ciki. Sake yin fa'ida Layer ya rushe, wannan lokaci a cikin adalci 8 watanni da yin bincike sake zagayowar 2009-2012. A wannan gwaji sassan 6 da 4 asirce dauki nauyin fatattaka landfill shafukan da aka gano.

Bayan sake karaya site gwamnati NCAT lura da kyau yi na makwabtaka da yankin na aiki N7, kuma samarwa amfani domin gyara site N8 cakuda tushen Hima m, wanda zai jarraba ta hali a kan lalace shafin.

Wakilai daga cikin sashen sufuri Oklahoma amince da su yi amfani da cakuda da site N7, duk da haka, domin tushe Layer, a cakuda da barbashi tare da diamita na 9.5 mm (abun da ke ciki kama da abun da ke ciki na cakuda for saman Layer, amma tare da wani 55 mm m). A da maimaitawa na 145 mm aka yanke lalace coatings, kamar 105 mm lalace tushe Layer aka bar. Sa'an nan 145 mm aka aza a kan tushen da wani sabon cakuda Hima.

Bayan da surface ne sabon manyan motoci sake koro ta hanyar da gyara sashe na kashi N8, kuma NCAT na'urorin sake fara rikodi data a kan wani gwaji na mãkirci.

A watan Satumbar 2011, lokacin da aka kai nauyin juyawa na 4th, zurfin lalata sashi na N8 an kafa shi a 2.7 mm. Misali kwatankwacin ya nuna cewa bayan gyare-gyare na farko, raguwa da ƙuƙƙwarar da aka kafa bayan rawanin 4 na nauyin kaya daidai, amma bayan gyare-gyare, babu kwarewa cikin aikace-aikacen hima mai ɗaukar hoto, hanya ba ta da kadan bayan hawan keke miliyan 5.7 daidai. . Sashen Harkokin sufurin Oklahoma zai ci gaba da tallafa wa wannan shafin a lokacin 2012-2014. Don saka idanu game da wasan kwaikwayo.

Kammalawa

An nuna cewa yin amfani da wani ƙwayar polymer mai ɗaukar ƙwayar maɗaukaki a cikin cakuda mai yalwa zai iya rage kauri daga cikin takarda har ma a ƙarƙashin nauyi mai nauyi. A wannan yanayin, za a bayar da halaye waɗanda suka kasance daidai ko fiye da waɗanda aka gina da kayan da ba a haɗa ba a kan irin wannan abu kuma tare da irin wannan nau'i.

Gwajin gwajin daga cikin zafi mai amfani da HiMA polymer na tsawon shekaru 2 yana ɗaukar nauyin kayan sufuri daidai bisa yanayin gwajin, kuma a wannan lokaci, an kasa kasa da 1/3 na matakin lalacewa da aka rubuta a kan karamin murfin da ke cikin sashin kulawa.

An kuma yi amfani da HiMA polymer a cikin gina wani ma'auni na rage kauri don gyara shafin gwaji. Har ila yau, akwai waƙa na zurfin zurfi a cikin sashin kulawa.

Kyakkyawan aikin bayan gwaje-gwajen da kuma gaskiyar cewa babu wani fasaha a cikin sassan da aka gina ta amfani da HiMA polymer, yana ba mu damar fatan sabon fasaha zai wuce al'adun gargajiya, ciki har da batun ɓarna ƙuntatawa daga kasa zuwa sama.

Mataki na ashirin da: An yi gyare-gyare mai mahimmanci kuma rage kauri na shimfidar kayan shafa.

Denis Apkalimov, "Rotor" Ltd.