Smirnova Aleksandra, da baranya na girmamawa: biography, asalin

A farkon rayuwar beauties, nasara da dukan shahararrun mutane ba kawai bayyanar, amma kuma kaifi kamar na ruwa na tunani, babu alamun da m mutuwar wani dimming na sani a na tsufa gigin-tsufa. Smirnova Aleksandra ya batun yi daidai da melancholy a cikin matasa, ana maye gurbin lumens, a lokacin da shi ne kuma yake m kuma resplendent.

yara

Aleksandra Smirnova, Osipovna patronymic, an haife shi a Odessa a 1809, da makamantansu, ɗan Osip Ivanovich Rosset, wani Bafaranshe daga mai daraja iyali na asali. A cikin uwa tasa ta jijiyoyinmu Jamus da kuma Jojiyanci jini da aka gauraye. Alexander ne babban yaro, daga baya ya zo da haske hudu, 'yan'uwa. The iyali wanzu a kan mahaifinsa albashi, da Kwamandan tashar jiragen ruwa na Odessa. Amma a lokacin da 'yar shekara biyar, ya rasu a lokacin da annoba da cutar. Uwar aure a karo na biyu, ya zuwa kuyi kaka. Shimfiɗar jariri, da Alexandra Rosset tafi a kan Estate a cikin Ukraine. Sun kasance sũ ne m shekaru cewa stained ta adult rayuwa ban mamaki tunanin da m baya tare da N. V. Gogolem a cikin kowa soyayya ga Ukraine. Eh, ta kuma ji da kanta daga baya a Ukrainian. Lokacin da yara girma, da boys da aka aiko za a ilimi a cikin Corps na Pages, kuma Sasha - da Catherine Institute a St. Petersburg.

baranya na girmamawa

A 1826, sananne sadakin Smirnova Aleksandra (sai Rosset) a karshen cikin institute da aka a haɗe baranya na daraja a cikin kotun na farko empress-uwa, sa'an nan kuma, a cikin 1828 - Alexandra Feodorovna, Agusta matar Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I.

The Palace gabatarwa ne a kaifi bambanci da rai na kuyanginku na girmamawa. Suka zauna a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi da Winter Palace, wanda ya jagoranci zuwa 80 matakai. Kowane daga cikinsu shi ne wani dakin raba da wani m katako bangare shiga kashi biyu. A dakin bauta da kuma wani gida mai dakuna, da kuma falo. Kuyanginku zauna a wani dakin karami, amma kusa. A ranar wajibi a bawa na girmamawa da aka ado bisa ga wuri, kuma ya jira ta kira nufin sha. Da ake bukata domin zama ko da yaushe a shirye. A general, shi ne mai high-ranking bayinsa, wanda ba ko da yaushe a kai a kai biya albashi. A cikin kwanaki free wajibi, kowane bawa kokarin tserewa daga Winter, to sami kanka a cikin wani abokantaka da kuma iyali yanayi.

Ga kuma ina zaune a cikin gidan sarauta Smirnova Aleksandra, baranya na girmamawa ga matasa Empress. Amma ta hankali da aka kiyasta lashe mulkin Rasha, tare da wanda ta ba su yi shakka sadarwa.

m yarinya

Da kyau, m hankali, da ikon juggle tunani tare da sauki alherin masihirci ya janyo hankalin mai yawa magoya Smirnova Aleksandra. Photo na ta, ba shakka ba, kuma zane-zane, wanda labarun hotuna na mata wanda nuna mata matasa, doke kyakkyawa tabo.

Ta suna fadin freylinskaya daki a karo na hudu kasa ya da wallafe-wallafen salon. Ta kuma an kyau samu a cikin salon shahara E. A. Karamzinoy da abokai da ta stepdaughter, Sophia Nikolaevna. Around shi swirled duk celebrities 20-30s: A. S. Pushkin, V. F. Odoevsky, PA Vyazemsky, VA Zhukovsky, M. Yu. Lermontov. "Chernook Rossetti" rubuta a cikin album A. S. Pushkin, wanda ta kasance m, kuma zai iya bincika sabon aiki. "The idanu na ta Kudu" arewa na Virgin, m da kuma m, aka fascinated da PA Vyazemsky. Domin da tsoro hankali, ya Kwafa shi da Donna Sol, kuma Donna Pepper.

"Little shaidan sama" kira ta Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky. The kalmomi na Vasiliya Tumanskogo (jami'in diflomasiyyar, Sakataren harkokin) "Ina ƙaunar da idanu shude, da kuma yanzu ina son baki ..." m Rosset, rubuta song, yi wa yau. Pushkin aka riga aure to Natalie Goncharova, sau da yawa iyali-bakuncin Alexandrine, wanda shi ne kawai shekaru uku girmi Natalya Nikolaevna. Ya gangara zuwa magana da Ladies kuma iya karanta su sabon waqe. By da Sarkin sarakuna Smirnova Aleksandra yana kusa. Saboda haka, ta hanyar ta sarki ya Pushkin da ambulan da rubutu a kan rubutun da "Eugene Onegin".

aure

A. S. Pushkin ya sosai yarda a lokacin da ya koya na ta alkawari da Nikolaem Mihaylovichem Smirnovym, wanda ya hadu a 1828. Ya sanya wata alama mai kyau a kan mawãƙi - ilimi Rasha mutane, kuma a lokaci guda baƙo wanda yana zaune a cikin sirdi, har ma a harshen Turanci.

Shi ne mai shiru mutumin, da ɗan kishi, duk da haka, amma ta wannan arziki da kuma tare da wani aiki da suke gudu sama da tudu. A bikin aure ya faru a cikin Winter Palace. Yana da aka samu halartar wakilan fadar iyali. Alexander Osipovna aure for kudi. Mahaifiyarta ba duk da dũkiyarsa yara daga biyu aure. Alexander Osipovna faruwa don su taimaka wa hagu ba tare da nufin wanin hukuma albashi 'yan'uwa.

Saboda bambanci na haruffa da kuma lissafi Smirnova Aleksandra da aure ba zai iya yin farin ciki. Ta halin da aka sosai m, yiwuwa zuwa ciki. Mijinta, bi da bi, ba zai iya gadara da cewa sun fahimci wannan rigima mace. Bugu da kari, Herzen da Ogarev akai-akai soki da ba komai haqqinsa nufi, kazalika da ganin cewa ya patronized voruyuschim jami'ai. Amma, duk da haka, da tsani ya hankali koma sama. Sun zauna a St. Petersburg. The pinnacle na aiki Nikolaya Pavlovicha Smirnova shi ne matsayin da gwamnan St. Petersburg, kazalika da cewa ya zama Sanata mai na Rasha Empire. Amma yayin da suke matasa, su gidan ziyartar A. S. Pushkin, kuma na farko da ya karanta tarihi na Pugachev tawaye. Sun kasance a cikin gida actor Mikhail Shchepkin, wani matashi amma sanannun zargi Vissarion Belinsky, da mawãƙi kuma marubuci Alexei Tolstoy.

Daga baya a cikin wannan gida zai je M. Yu. Lermontov, wanda ya rubuta a cikin album ba za'a iya mantawaba line, wadda za a iya bayyana ji cewa mawãƙi ba bayyana a gaban Alexandra. Ta kama da aka ba a manta mawãƙi, kuma ya gabatar da shi ga labarin fara "Lugin". Smirnova Aleksandra yi a can karkashin sunan Minsk, wanda kimanta da kuma da kyau, da kuma asali hangen zaman gaba a abubuwa.

Smirnova Aleksandra: yara

A farko yaro da aka haife matattu a karshen 1832. Bayan shekaru biyu, an haife twin 'ya'ya mata - Alexandra (1834-1837) da kuma Olga (1834-1893). Akwai jita-jita cewa yara da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas. Amma a nan ne A. S. Pushkin suka ba su biya da hankali. Sa'an nan za su za a haifa ya Sophia (1836-1884), Hope (1840-1899) da kuma na karshe daya - ɗan Maikel (1847-1892).

Hulda da N. V. Gogolem

Suna gabatar da A. S. Pushkin. Kusan duk lokacin Rosset zai dace da Nikolai Vasilyevich, zai rayu tare da su a cikin dukiya Begichevo a Kaluga kusa Moscow Spassky da kuma aiki a kan na biyu girma na "Matattu Rayukan". Akai-akai Aleksandra Smirnova zai hadu tare da shi, zaune a ƙasashen waje a Roma. Haka kuma, a 1845 ta vyhlopochet marubuci ga sarki wani shekara-shekara fensho, da adadin abin da za a 1000 rubles. Litattafan Gogol ganin darajarsa ta yadda wani lu'u-lu'u a cikin mata.

dumi aminci

Sharp-tongued, caustic da izgili, Smirnova Aleksandra, a cikin kalmomi na Pushkin, wanda ya iya rubuta wani adalci kwafin "barkwanci fushin da baki" a 1844, fascinated Nikolaem Dmitrievichem Kiselevym, wani jami'in diflomasiyyar da sana'a da kuma sadaukarwa na Don Juan.

Anna Olenina, suka san Aleksandru Smirnovu, ji cewa hannunta akwai karfi da kuma m platonic ji, sosai m ga irin wannan m mutum.

tsufa

Abin baƙin ciki, gadar hali m Rosset ya fi karfinsu. A wani matashi, ta kasance yiwuwa zuwa ciki, zuwa "melancholy". A 1846, wannan bayyana kanta sosai a fili, kuma shi tawakkali ga addini ayyukan hajji. Bisa bangaskiya ba, amma a waje yi na ayyukan hajji ta samu damar dawo da wasu kwanciyar hankali. Shi ne a wannan lokacin hasarar nauyi, hasarar barci. Wadannan gibba tsakanin haske da duhu lokaci bi ta a duk shekaru da rayuwa. Amma a Paris, da yara da ceto a 1879 a kan kafa waliccinsu a kan ta, da kuma imani da cewa tabarbarewar halin da take ciki ya fara shekaru uku da suka wuce, a Moscow. Modern psychiatrists, bincika ta yanayin, magana na bayyanuwar jijiyoyin bugun gini gigin-tsufa. Mun kasance ba togiya kuma ta uwansa, kusan dukan shafi tabin hankali cuta - ya Olga, Sofia, ɗan Maikel. Uku na ta 'yan'uwa ma sha wahala daga shafi tunanin mutum da cuta.

A 1883 a Paris, ta tsira da mijinta da shekaru 13, da kuma kusan duk abokai Smirnova Aleksandra mutu. Biography, rayuwa da mutuwa sun sabon abu a matsayin sabon abu ne cewa mutumin da kaina, damu da mutane da yawa a cikin hanyar.