Sfumato zanen dabara: musamman misalai

Sfumato zanen - na musamman da dabara ƙirƙira ta baiwa Leonardo Vinci. Har yanzu, shi ne farin ciki tare da masu sauraro da masu sana'a sha'awa ga artists. Gaya mana abin da siffofin da wannan hanya na rubuce-rubuce, wanda amfani da shi da kuma inda a yau za ka iya ganin Masterpieces na sfumato.

ma'ana

A Italian kalmar "sfumato" a zahiri tana nufin "bace kamar hayaki." A lokacin da Renaissance, ajalin fara da za a yi amfani da painters, yana ambaton da musamman shaded image. Daga baya ajalin fara da za a yi amfani da sunan wani musamman halftone dabara.

fasaha fasali

An yi imani da cewa Leonardo Vinci, wanda yana dauke da kafa sfumato, takaita da kyautata wanzu a lokacin da na Italian Renaissance halftone hanyoyin. The m kunshi a haddasa dabara, translucent yadudduka wanda ba zoba, amma kawai haskaka ko ta yi duhu leaf, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. Thin glaze da m launi bambancin iya ƙirƙirar ji na hazo, hazo. Sfumato zanen da Leonardo Vinci an kawo kammala. Modern bincike ya nuna cewa shi za a iya amfani da Layer kauri daga 3-4 microns. sfumato Hanyar da aka yi amfani da su ware da kumshin cibiyar. Heart contours damar more gabagaɗi, da kuma yadda ya kamata jaddada babban abu a kan zane. Halftone hankali motsi a cikin wani m inuwa, ba tare da samar da bayyane zuwa ga ido crosses da iyaka.

Classic sfumato aka halitta ta amfani da musamman translucent Paints, glazes. Domin aiki artists amfani da haske Sable goga cewa zai iya yi kusan ganuwa brushstrokes. Daga baya suka zo da dabara na "bushe goga", kamar yadda a cikin babban lafiya artist zane wuce lightest shanyewar jiki da kananan adadin bushe fenti cakuda. Bayan gama bushewa da hotuna har yanzu wanke da suka wuce haddi ga barin kawai wani microscopic Layer.

The fasali na sfumato

Don ganin kyakkyawa da sfumato zanen iya zama a kan zane-zane na Leonardo Vinci. Fage a cikin zane-zane rasa tsabta, da magana Lines da kuma shanyewar jiki. Hazo da kuma blur bango su mayar da hankali ga viewer ta da hankali a kan babban batu na hoto. A wannan yanayin, da samfurin bada m bango na yanayi da kuma zurfin.

Akwai misconception cewa sfumato - shi ke kawai zanen dabara. Wannan ba haka ba. A wannan dabara amfani da Leonardo daidai a fensir zane. Samar Hatching da shading da yafi kowanne a mulki. Har ila yau, wannan Hanyar yadda ya kamata aiki a pastels. By sãɓãwar launukansa mataki na matsin lamba a kan pastel goga artist kai sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na launi tsanani da kuma aikace-aikace na rigar alli damar samun daban-daban digiri na image zurfin. Har ila yau a cikin pastels don ƙirƙirar wani sfumato sakamako yana amfani da shading da kuma canza launi. Yana ba ka damar shafe da iyaka tsakanin launi da kuma tonal a mulki da kuma samun ake so sakamako hazo da kuma hazo.

Masterpieces na Leonardo

Akwai kawai 'yan geniuses da suke iya fito da wani abu gaba ɗaya sabon a cikin zanen, kuma daya daga cikinsu - Leonardo Vinci. Kudin shiga da sfumato zanen, kazalika da na sarari hangen zaman - shi ne mafi muhimmanci samu na artist. Lokacin da muka yi magana da sfumato, sa'an nan, ba shakka, tuna da babban Vinci ta fitacciyar - "La Gioconda". A baya na wannan aikin shi ne wani misali na classic "da hayaki" na zanen. A adadi na Mona Lisa zama strikingly ma'ana kuma shi ne godiya ga blur, dushe, da kuma irin yanayin da bango. Asirin ta murmushi da aka fi mayar bayyana godiya ga gaskiya da bango. Har ila yau sfumato dabara na zanen da aka gabatar a dama ubangijinsa ayyukansu, ciki har da wani "Virgin na Rocks", "Madonna da kuma Child", "Yahaya Maibaftisma", "Madonna na furen karnesha".

Yunione

Its raya sfumato zanen dabara ya samu a yunione. An halin da farko don Raphael. A kwatanta da classic sfumato a yunione tambaya haske launuka, siffofi da kuma contours ne mafi pronounced. Duk da haka, akwai kuma an adana da asali manufa na stealth tonal a mulki da kuma nuna gaskiya, wanda Halicci ji na iska a kan yanar gizo. Wannan sabon dabara, wanda kunshi mafi kyau fasali na sfumato, kazalika da sauran hanyoyin da Italian zane-zane gabatar a irin ayyukan da Raphael, a matsayin "Three ni'imar" da kuma da dama "Madonna" Florentine lokaci.

Kandzhiante

Bayyanar da sfumato zanen ya kai ga cewa akwai da dama da bambancin daga gare ta. Saboda haka, Michelangelo halitta kansa version of Multi-mai lebur hanya rubuce-rubuce - kandzhiante. Appliances gina a kan watsa haske da launi, amma, sabanin da sfumato, inda a mi} an smoothed fitar kamar yadda zai yiwu, a nan ana amfani da launi bambanci. The aiki na karbar guda - bada hoton zurfin da hangen zaman gaba. A daukan hankali misali na wannan dabara ne don aiki Michelangelo "Madonna Doni".

chiaroscuro

Bayyanar da sfumato zanen tsokani artists don duba ga irin wannan damar a jadawalin. Wannan sa a multilayer chiaroscuro art. Yana da wani m image bugu da dama allon cewa ba ka damar ka aika da play haske da launi da kuma haifar da wata uku-girma abun da ke ciki. Magabacin wannan dabara ya da wani Italian artist Ugo da Carlo. Mafi shahara master wanda ya mallakar wannan dabara ya Faransa Zhorzh De La Tour jadawalin.

The mabiya Vinci

Tun lokacin Leonardo ta sfumato a cikin art, misalai na wanda za a iya samu a kasashe daban-daban, shi ya zama mai classic dabara na samar da zurfi, na yanayi da ayyuka. Mutane da yawa artists yi amfani da amfani da shi ne maraba. Mafi shahararren mabiya Vinci dauke Titian, Johan Abeling, Omar Galliani.