Sea yaƙi kashe Cape Hanko (1714)

Battle of Cape Gangut - daya daga cikin daraja shafukan da Rasha tarihi, immortalized hutu, mai lakabin Rãnar Soja Tsarki. Ya zo a kan 9 ga watan Agusta. A wannan rana, a 1714 Rasha da aka bikin farko nasara daga cikin teku, bayan ta lashe a ranar 27 ga watan Yuli. A wannan rana, amma shekara shida daga baya, Rasha ci Swedes kusa da tsibirin Grengam cewa a yarda mu kasa zuwa karshe sami wani qafafunku a cikin Baltic Sea. The Battle kashe Cape Hanko, da kwanan wata - Yuli 27, 1714, shi ne farkon ƙarshen Swedish ikon a cikin Baltic Sea.

MUHIMMIN damar zuwa teku

Dukan nauyin da wani grueling, na jini da, dogon Arewa War (1700-1721), duk da cewa shi aka hannu a wani yawan kasashen Turai da kuma Ottoman Empire, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, ya fadi a kan kafadu na Rasha. Wannan babban yaki, wanda ya faru a farkon kwata na XVIII karni, kuma haka ba a kira Rasha-Swedish cewa shi ya samu halartar garesu, ba kawai da kasashen Turai da iyaka da Baltic Sea. Rasha da babu irin wannan mafita kafin wadannan abubuwan, wanda ya kange ta kasuwanci da manyan kasashen Turai, da kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, to ci gaba ta fuskar tattalin arziki.

Yaren mutanen Sweden kawancen

Sweden, sa'an nan rinjaye a cikin Baltic Sea, ko da yake ta rundunar jiragen ne kawai na huɗu a duniya, cynically kira shi da Arewa Sea da Swedish lake. Bugu da kari, shi ne ta da-sanye take Noteburg sansanin soja, wanda har ta zama ta Swedes kira Nut, sanƙarar da kawai Rasha damar zuwa Baltic Sea a fadin Neva. Sashe na tsohon Rasha ƙasar rasa a baya wars karshen XVI - farkon XVII ƙarni, ya zauna a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden hannuwanku. Battle of Cape Gangut faru shekaru 5 bayan yakin Poltava, tare da sakamakon cewa Swedish ikon da aka gurgunta kuma akwai wani rikicin a Rasha ni'imar. Duk da haka, shi ne nasarar da ƙasa da tẽku Rasha iya yi kome don hamayya da wannan kasa.

Navy zama

Kafin Bitrus I Rasha ya ba da wani Maritime ikon, cewa shi ne, ba ta da wani soja jiragen ruwa, amma a 'yan jirãge gina tare da uba Petra Velikogo don isar m jiragen ruwa a Caspian Sea. A kashi a hannun Azov a 1695 sanya Rasha Tsar musamman a kan halittar jiragen ruwa. Cikin 'yan watanni, da aka kaddamar motley flotilla, kunsha na 1000 plows, 23 galleys da biyu 36-gun jirãge, waɗanda suke a karkashin umurnin Admiral F. Ya. Leforta a Yuli 1696 tilasta sojojin su mika Azov. A sakamakon wannan nasarar da ya da shawarar da Boyar Duma: "Sojan Ruwa jiragen ruwa ya zama" sa'an nan a 1702 fadi Noterburg. A 1703-m aka dauka a matsayin located a bakin Neva Nieshants. Sunuvshiesya nan biyu Swedish jiragen ruwa na yaki a karkashin Cover of safe da aka kai hari kama kifi boats da aka dauka fursuna. Operation jagorancin Peter kansa kuma Menshikov.

Gina wani babban yadi

A 1703 Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja, da kuma a cikin 1704th fara gina kagara Kronshlot (Kronstadt) da aka aza. Duk wadannan abubuwan suna tseren gaugawa a wurin yaƙi a Cape Hanko. Sweden ba a watsar da yunkurin kama da kuma halakar da Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja da kuma Kronshlot. Amma suka tsãwace. Don dakatar da tsaron gida da kuma m, ya wajaba kama da Baltic Sea. Saboda haka, a cikin bazara na 1713, komai a fili a Finland, da Rasha, sojoji na 16 da mutane dubu kama da birni: yanzu Porvoo (Borgo), Turku (Abo) da kuma Helsinki, babban birnin kasar (Helsinki). Tsakanin Sweden da kuma Rasha ne kawai da Gulf of Bothnia, a tsakiyar tsibirin da suke Aldan. Rasha riga yana da rundunar. A farko jiragen ruwa suka gina a cikin shekara 1702-1703 a masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa, located a bakin syazi River (Lake Ladoga). Amma riga a 1704 aza St. Petersburg Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa. Gabatowa da shekara na yaƙi a Cape Hanko - 1714 th.

m da tsare-tsaren

Kafa daga jiragen ruwa zuwa saukar da slipway Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa, da jiragen ruwa na tafi da rundunar sojojin Bitrus I a Finland. Sarkin so farko canja wurin da sojojin a tsibirin, sa'an nan kasa a Sweden. Galleys da scampaways a cikin adadin 99 guda, wadda za ta zaunar da 15,000 sojoji tafi Abo, su ne cibiyoyin taro na Rasha sojojin. Shirya jefa a Aldan tarin tsiburai ga saukowa. Operation jagorancin FM Apraksin. Amma da kudancin batu na yankin, inda ya nan da sannu zã yaƙi a Cape Hanko, hanyar da ya katange mai iko, m, a cikin yawan Rasha soja jirgi da equipping su tare da Swedish jiragen ruwa.

Soja baiwa Peter

A cikin flagship "Elephant" Vice Admiral Vatrang, a karkashin umurnin da rundunar wanda ya kayar da Rasha, da babu shakka nasara. A rundunar 15 jiragen ruwa na layin da uku frigates da wani babban rukuni na kwale tasoshin su yi tsayayya da aka wuya, kuma Apraksin wanda ya ba matsananciyar ƙarfin hali kuma adventurism Lefort, Menshikov, da Bitrus da kansa, daga m mataki ƙi, cire haka wani nauyi ba . A mayar da martani ga sako zuwa shafin da rikici zo Peter I. Bayan samun matsahi na saba da halin da ake ciki da kuma ƙasa a cikin manyan umarni a narrowest ɓangare na sashin Hanko tsara Perevoloki. Bitrus ya so ya ja wasu daga cikin jiragen ruwa zuwa wancan gefe na sashin, kuma ku yi dũka a raya na Swedish jiragen ruwa.

Allah tare da mu

Duk da yake katako dabe, don tallafa a harkokin sufuri na jiragen ruwa portage, Swedes ya zama sananne rawar daji. Domin ya hana shi aika Admiral Vatrang 10 tasoshin (flagship jirgin galleys da kuma 6 shkerbota 3) umarta ta N. Erenshelda zuriya zuwa wuri a kan Rasha jiragen ruwa - a Rilaks Fjord. Amma yanayi ya kan Rasha gefe, da kuma Yuli 26, 1714 iska tsaya a nan gaba daya defuses Swedish sailing. Bitrus da flotilla na kwale oars bypasses da babban Swedish rundunar ta kai Erenshelda tasoshin da kuma toshe su Rilaks Fjord.

A farko nasara teku

Battle of Cape Gangut faru Yuli 27, 1714. Swedes emphatically ƙaryata da tayin to sallama, da kuma a kan na uku yunkurin (na farko guda biyu da aka mayar, kamar yadda Swedes su 116 bindigogi da 23 na Bitrus) Rasha galleys jiragen ruwa sosai kusa da abokan gaba da kuma kama su da a kan jirgin cikin jirgin. Bayan m yãƙi, "Elephant" ( "Elephant") da aka kama, da kuma sauran kotu mãsu sallamãwa. Janar Rasha asarar amounted zuwa 469 mutane, wanda 124 aka kashe, wanda aka binne shi tare da cikakken karrama, da kuma Swedes rasa 700 aka kashe da kuma 230 suka mika wuya wassu sharudda. Rasha jiragen ruwa bai rasa guda jirgin, kuma duk 10 na Swedish kotuna sun zama ganĩma. Vice Admiral Vatrang da rundunar jiragen tattara zuwa Stockholm. Yaren mutanen Sweden kotu a tsoro kwashe daga babban birnin kasar. Sojojin Rasha sun shagaltar da Aland tarin tsiburai, daga abin da a lokacin da 'yan shekaru na Arewa War Rasha bindigogi bamai da Swedish Coast, taya gwaji lalacewa.

A feat na Rasha matuƙan

Sea yaƙi kashe Cape Hanko da sakamakon da aka sosai ƙarfafa matsayin Rasha a Finland. Peter kansa idan aka kwatanta da na farko Victoria Rasha jiragen ruwa a muhimmancin da nasara a yakin Poltava. Sarkin ya ji sha'awar da ƙarfin hali, ƙarfin zuciya, gabagadi da kuma hadayar sojojinsa. A daraja na wannan daraja Victoria aka minted samu lambar don duk mahalarta, shi samu 144 shugabanni da 2813 da sojoji da kuma wadanda ba izini sanda. Battle of Cape Gangut faru Yuli 27, 1714, kuma wannan ranar ya kumbura cikin jerin feats na makamai na Rasha. M da gagarumar murnar farko da nasarar da Rasha jiragen ruwa da ya faru a St. Petersburg a kan Satumba 9th. Akwai biyu bikin. A farko ya faru a kan titunan babban birnin kasar a karkashin m kukan da 'yan ƙasa.

babban hutu

Da farko, a cikin Neva shiga da ãyari, kunsha na wani fursuna Swedish jirãge, karkashin jagorancin uku Rasha galleys. Kwamandan galley shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova (alias Bitrus I) bi kama tasoshi, biyu galleys sojoji rufe da ãyari. By zuriya zuwa rairayin bakin teku flags da fursunoni, daga gare su, ya Erenshildt, kai da aka gudanar a birnin. A procession aka directed zuwa Arc de Triomphe. Kuma sama shi ya tsaya a nuni a cikin abin da mikiya clutched baya na wani giwa. The rubutu karanta: "Rasha mikiya ba kama kwari." Karkashin giwa nuna flagship "Elephant." Costume mataki ci gaba a majalisar dattijai, inda lush kewaye knyaz- "Kaisar" Romodanovsky maraba shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova kalmomi: "Hello, Vice Admiral" Saboda haka Bitrus da farko aka bayar da wannan lakabi wanda ya samu a 2240 rubles shekara.

Samuwar Empire

Amma shi ne ba a kan yet Arewa War. The Battle kashe Cape Hanko aka kafa a cikin dukan litattafan Maritime soja al'amari, shi ne na farko da nasara. Biyu mafi girma da kuma aka ƙaddara dangane da Great Arewa War Viktoriya Petrovskogo jiragen ruwa da ya faru, abin da yake na ƙwarai, 27 Yuli, amma riga a 1720. Sun lashe shi a Grengam tsibirin. A wannan lokaci, Rasha ya zama wata babbar Maritime ikon tare da m kuma iya karawa rundunar motoci. Kuma kafin karshen Mai girma Arewa War a 1716 a cikin Baltic Sea sun horar da, shafe 84 jiragen ruwa daga Baltic kasashen. 21 jiragen ruwa mallakar kasar Rasha. Amma abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne cewa Bitrus I aka gane a matsayin manyan Baltic ikon soja navigator, da kuma na da hakkin ya umarci united rundujar soja masu dawaki na Burtaniya, Dutch, Danish kuma Rasha jiragen ruwa da aka wakkala a gare shi. The Battle kashe Cape Hanko da kuma tsibirin Grengam kawo worldwide daraja a Rasha da kuma amincewa da makwabtanta, manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa iko.