Sculpin nama irin: hotuna da kuma wani bayyani daga cikin shahararrun sa breeds

All breeds na shanu kasu kashi uku manyan kungiyoyin: nama, kiwo, da kuma nama da kiwo. Hakika, mafi m irin shanu ne na biyu. Duk da haka, da naman shanu, a gonaki da aka gudanar quite sau da yawa. Breeds dabbobi, akwai da yawa. A mafi mashahuri ne a Rasha kawai biyar.

Babban rarrabuwa

Nama irin bijimai, bi da bi, ya kasu kashi uku main kungiyoyin:

• Birtaniya asalin. Wannan kungiyar hada da Aberdeen Angus, Galloway, Hereford da Shorthorn irin. A babban alama wannan nau'in ne ita sãniya precocity. A mafi kyau nama irin maruƙa wannan kungiya - Hereford da kuma Aberdeen Angus.

• Franco-Italian asalin - haske Aquitaine, Charolais, Maine-Anjou, kianskaya, markidzhanskaya, Piedmont, Simmental. Common fasali na wadannan jinsunan suna dauke da nauyi da kuma marigayi ripening. A nama na 'yan maruƙa a cikin wannan kungiyar ƙunshi yawa kitse.

• Zebuvidnyh asali sabon, samu daga gare su. Wannan kungiyar hada Brangus, Santa Gertrudis, bramuzinskaya, Canche da t. D. The bayãnin hukuncin siffofin ne manyan, adaptability don zafi, da juriya ga parasitic cututtuka.

Popular nama breeds bijimai a Rasha

A kasar mafi sau da yawa saki irin wannan iri na naman sa shanu:

• Kazakh Whitehead. Yana da aka samu ta hanyar su tsallaka Birtaniya Hereford da kuma gida Kazakh-Kalmyk yawan jama'a. A irin aka bred a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin ta farko uku karni na ashirin da.

• Aberdeen Angus. Wannan irin da aka samu a Scotland.

• Hereford. Bred a Ingila na gida unproductive shanu.

• Limousin. A haifuwa daga cikin saniya shi ne France.

• Kalmyk. Yana ranked farko a yawan a cikin kasar. An bred na dogon lokaci nomadic kabilu na Kalmyks.

Kazakh Whitehead

Wannan jinsin aka bred a kusan dukkan yankuna na kasar mu. Sculpin nama breeds (Kazakh fari) yana:

• karfi ƙasũsuwa,

• gajerun kafafu.

• ganga-dimbin yawa akwati, overgrown tare da wani lokacin farin ciki hunturu gashi.

Bushe, baya kuma tarnaƙi a bijimai na wannan iri-iri na ja, da kuma kafafu, ciki, kai da kirji - fari. A irin halin da precocity da sosai high yawan amfanin ƙasa na nama - 58-68%. Adult gobies isa wani nauyi na 900 kg. Dangane da yankin da kuma yanayi a karshen adadi iya ƙara ko rage zuwa 200-300 kg.

Daya daga cikin bayãnin hukuncin fasali na Kazakh fari shi ne cewa an sosai jure zafin rana. Girma da wannan irin yafi a wurin kiwo da fasaha. Gobies nama breeds (photo gabatar a page, ya nuna su m size) a mafi yawan lokuta wajen whimsical to abinci. Domin fari-Kazakh shi kusan ba ya tambaya. A cikin hunturu, wadannan dabbobi maimakon hay ko a yarda a ciyar rauno.

Kalmyk irin

Gobies ma bred wannan nau'in a cikin kasar a ko'ina. Babban fasali su ne Kalmyk irin:

• haske kwarangwal.

• jinjirin wata-dimbin yawa ƙahoni.

• gaban occipital dagi a kai.

Mafi yawan wadannan shanu da ja gashi launi da fari markings. Wani lokaci akwai kuma wani na musamman ruwan kasa-checkered kwat da wando. A talakawan nauyi adult sa Kalmyk ne 950 kg, amma a wasu lokutta shi zai iya zuwa har 1100 kg.

A shahararsa ta wannan nau'in daga manoman lashe farko saboda ta earliness kuma rare ikon da sauri nazhirovke. A cikin kaka, kafin hunturu, sa nama irin - Kalmyk - musamman don tara reserves na gina jiki (mai a cikin nau'i na "marmara" yadudduka).

A fata na shanu wannan nau'in ƙunshi dama Ƙofofin sebaceous gland. Saboda irin wannan fasali, da waɗannan dabbobi bambanta insensitivity zuwa hazo. Har ila yau, wadannan shanu karkashin fata ne mai Layer, wanda damar da su zuwa sauƙi canja wurin da zafi, da kuma sanyi. Wadannan siffofin, bisa ga masana kimiyya, ba shi da wani sauran irin na naman sa 'yan maruƙa. Wasu debe Kalmyk irin aka dauke su kula da rashin ruwa.

Aberdeen-Angus sa 'yan maruƙa

A kan ƙasa na Rasha da wannan irin suna bred, yafi a cikin Volga yankin, Bryansk da Kaluga yankuna. Har ila yau, wadannan shanu za a iya samu a Arewa Caucasus da kuma tsakiyar yankuna na kasar. Babban matakai ne na Aberdeen Angus ne:

• taso wajen short akwati.

• gajerun kafafu, da kuma wuya.

• kananan shugaban tare da wani shahararren goshi.

• murdede baya, loin da gindi.

• bakin ciki sako-sako da fata tare da wani appreciable fiber.

• hornless (polled).

Mafi yawa daga cikin bijimai shanu da wannan irin da duhu launi. Adult dabbobi isa wani nauyi na 850 kg. Jinsi daban-daban ripening da kuma high quality nama. Gawa yawan amfanin ƙasa iya isa 70%.

Babban abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan irin na shanu suna dauke da sauri karbuwa ga wani sauyin yanayi yanayi, haihuwa da kuma sauƙi calving. Abin baƙin ciki, sa nama irin Aberdeen Angus iya yi wildly kuma zafin ko nuna ta'adi zuwa ga mutane. Wannan yana dauke da wata babbar drawback wannan nau'in.

Hereford sa 'yan maruƙa

Wannan irin shi ne na biyu mafi girma site a Rasha bayan da Kalmyk. Yada shi a Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Saratov da Rostov yankuna kazalika a Altai Abuja. Babban siffofin ne da wakilan:

• squat ganga-dimbin yawa jiki;

• sosai shahararren dewlap.

Launi gobies Hereford naman sa irin ne duhu ja. A wannan yanayin, kasa na ƙafa, shugaban, da kuma ciki dewlap bushe - su ne farin. Jiki nauyi adult steers wannan irin shi ne 850-1000 kg shanu - 550-650 kg. A wannan kashe amfanin ƙasa ne 58-62%. A irin ne resistant zuwa m yanayin yanayi da kuma matsa, ƙaƙƙarfar.

Limousin saniya

Gobies wannan nau'in na kowa a cikin kasar ne ba kamar yadda tartsatsi kamar duwatsu, amma har yanzu wani lokacin bred da manoma (game da 1.8% na jimlar) kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Babban hallmarks limuzinskogo RNC ne:

• bakin ciki kwarangwal.

• suka ci gaba musculature.

• karfi kafafu da kuma hooves.

• wani sacrum.

Launi nama irin sa limuzinskoj iya samun ja, ruwan kasa ko zinariya Brown (ƙahonin da hooves haske). A nama na wadannan dabbobi akwai sosai kadan kitse. Limuzinskoj irin shanu iya isa nauyi a cikin 580-1100 kg. Kashe amfanin ƙasa - 63-65%.

Fattening bijimai nama breeds - shi ne a mafi yawan lokuta m. Dalilin shi ne quite sauki. Nama daga waɗannan dabbõbi halin "marmara" da kuma lafiya-fibered, da kuma, Saboda haka, ne tsada. The nauyi na dutse a sama da dukan samun hanzari, kuma a kula da daban-daban ruggedness.