Saratov Circus a gare su. 'Yan'uwan Nikitin: bayanin, tarihi da sake dubawa

Cikin circus yana rayuwa ne da al'adun gargajiya da hadisai. Ruhun da ba a ganuwa na manyan mawallafan da suka taba yi a cikin tsofaffin wurare na farko, sun zama kamar suna da hankali a karkashin dome kuma suna goyon bayan matasa na zamani. Kuma ga masu sauraro, wannan hoton da ba shi da kyau ya haifar da hasken wani biki da kuma asiri da ke rufe kowane ɗakin-a ƙofar ƙofar. Ga cikakken, kun ji shi, ziyartar Saratov Circus. 'Yan'uwan Nikitins - daya daga cikin tsofaffin mazaunan kurkuku a Rasha.

Tarihin 'yan'uwan circus Nikitin

Lissafi sukan fara da yau da kullum, abubuwan da ke faruwa yau da kullum. Ta yaya za a yi la'akari da dawowa a 1873 zuwa gidansu, zuwa ga Saratov, 'yan'uwan Bitrus, Akim da Dmitry Nikitin -' yan wasa da kuma masu shiga kasuwanci. Halin da ke cikin garin 'yan'uwan nan da nan ya yi amfani da wanda ke da wani motsi mai suna Cirto a Saratov Emmanuel Baranek. Da yake tsaye a kan iyakar lalacewar, ya nuna cewa Nikitin ta zama abokan tarayya da masu kula da wannan sana'ar. Wata matsala ce mai kyau - 'yan uwan' yan uwan duniya ne. Dmitri ya shahara a matsayin mai ba da gaskiya da kuma dan wasa, Akim ya kasance mai launi mai launin fata, wuka (dan wasan kwaikwayo na sassaucin jikinsa) da kuma mai tsalle, kuma Bitrus yana da kariya (jigilar da ƙafafunsa), gymnastics, acrobatics da kuma mamakin jama'a tare da swordplay. A cikin wannan shekara, 'yan'uwan sun sayi kayan aikin circus daga Baranek, kuma a 1876 an gina gine-gine na katako a Mitrofanyevskaya Square. Tun daga wannan lokacin Saratov Circus yana jagorantar kalanda.

Akwai gaskiyar ban sha'awa. 'Yan'uwan Nikitin basu tsaya a gindin circus ba. Sun gina gine-gine a Nizhny Novgorod, Kharkov, Tiflis, Odessa, Baku. An daukaka daular 'yan uwan da aka yi a Moscow (1912) a kan Sadovo-Triumphal (a yanzu gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Satire). Ga Saratov, an shirya wani zane na ginin dutse tare da amphitheater don kujeru 2,000 ne, amma yakin da ya fadi ya rushe makomar mambobin Nikitins.

Yanayin circus bayan juyin juya halin

Yunkurin Oktoba ya canza rayuwar a cikin kasar kuma ya sake gina circus. An sake rarraba kasa, kuma Saratov Circus ya shiga tsarin Tsarin Art Art na City, kuma daga bisani a cikin All-Union Directorate of State Circuses. A 1931, circus ya canza adireshinsa, an gina sabon ginin gine-gine a kan titin Chaukuva. Ba ya haskaka da kayan ado, amma yana da kyau, kuma ɗakin majalisa yana da kujeru 3,000. Masu sauraron suna son sabon gine-ginen: a farkon shekaru 5 na wasan kwaikwayo fiye da mutane miliyan 2 suka ziyarci. Bisa ga amsawar masu sauraro, zaka iya tantance matakin shirye-shiryen circus wanda ya zo Saratov - Vitaly Lazarenko, Vladimir Durov, Emil Kio, Boris Eder. Tuni a lokacin hasken rana, circus ya fara aiki. Masu sauraro suna ganin "Ready for War" (1931-1932, samar da Volksky), "Moscow yana konewa" (1932-1933, Alperov ya samar da waƙoƙin Mayakovsky) da sauran wasanni na circus.

A lokacin yakin basasa, Saratov Circus, wanda ba a ɓace ba daga tituna kan wata rana, ya ci gaba da aiki da kuma yarda da masu fasaha wadanda aka fitar daga yankunan da masu fascist suka kama.

Bayan wannan lokacin, circus ya tsira da dama da sake ginawa. A shekarun 1959-1963. Ya canza canji a cikin majami'a da dome. A lokaci guda, ziyartar masu zane-zane ya ci gaba, kuma ana gudanar da ayyukan a cikin kakar wasa. A 1968 an fara yin amfani da hotel "Arena". An gudanar da bikin ne da yawa a cikin mafi kyau, kuma ta cika shekaru 100 aka ba da kyautar Labarin Rediyon Labaran.

An sake gina aikin ginin na biyu a daidai lokacin da aka cika shekaru 125 na kafuwar (1998). An sanya sunayen 'yan kungiyar Nikitin a kan takardun alaƙa - godiya ga wadanda suka samo asali daga masu fasahar zamani.

A farkon kwanakin yakin, tarin kuɗi don sayan jirgin saman Soviet Circus don gaba ya fara. A Saratov, masu zane-zane sun tattara kusan 500,000 rubles domin wannan. A cikin bazarar 1942, circus ya karbi sakonni daga Babban Kwamandan Kwamandan JV Stalin tare da godiya ga wannan aikin.

Circus legends na Saratov

Circus wani wuri ne mai ban mamaki. Ba saboda mutane suna tafiya akan hannayensu ba ko sanya kawunansu cikin zakoki na zaki kuma suna aikata shi kowace rana kuma ba tare da tashin hankali ba ko tsoro. Ya tunanin shi ne dimokuradiyya. Stars na farko girma, cin nasara da babban birnin kasar da lashe lambobin yabo a manyan bukukuwa na kasa da kasa, fara a rayuwa a lardin lardin. Saratov Circus ba banda wannan doka ba.

A shekara ta 1951, ya shiga wani shiri a cikin birnin ya zo wani dan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya daidaita a waya, wanda ya kammala karatu a makarantar circus. Da farko ya faru, amma saurayi bai shiga wannan ba sabili da jinkirin bazawa. Kuma mummunar masifa ta faru a kan wasan kwaikwayon - clown clown ya karya kullun biyu kuma ya isa asibiti. Masu zane-zane na duniya sune duniya, suna da nau'o'i da yawa kuma suna iya canza juna idan ya cancanta. Kovernogo ya kamata a maye gurbin, kuma zabi ya fadi a kan mafari. Hakika, ba shi da kwarewa, babu wani repertoire. Yawancin maimaitaccen bayani, wani kaya na mutum, wanda ba a san shi ba - kuma a yanzu wani dan wasan kwaikwayo a kan fagen wasan ya fara zama sabon abu. Amma masu kallo ba su yarda da sabon ba - yana ƙoƙari ya kwaikwayi burbushin da ake ciki, kuma ba shi da kyau a gare shi, ruwa, ana jin motsa jiki "a cikin gidan." Lambar da ke bayan lambar ya tashi na farko da reshe kuma rashin cin nasara ya yi kamar ba shi da tabbas.

Abu ne mai wuya a ce a cikin motsin ya jagoranci mai gabatarwa zuwa ɗakin cin abinci na circus. A nan ya dauko kayan horar da masara da katako, ya ɗauki wasu tukwane da kaya, kuma ya sanya dankali da karas a cikin Aljihunsa. Rashin reshe na biyu ya fara kuma mai zane ya yanke shawara don rage hanya, don zuwa filin wasanni masu rikitarwa. Ya gudu zuwa sauti na kiɗa, ya buɗe duk ƙofofi kuma sakamakon haka yana cikin gado na ɗakin gado! Wa] ansu mawa} an da suka bincika ba su san inda ubangijin ya fito ba, kuma a cikin fagen wasan an fara batun farko. Tsaida ta hanyar ƙungiyar makaɗa da sababbin masu zuwa ya tafi taron.

Abin mamaki ne game da canjin da ba a yi ba na bala'in da kuma rashin nuna bambancinsa, mai kula da fagen fama (masaukin shirin) a kan motsa jiki da kuma taka leda. Kuma yanzu masu kallo tare da sha'awa sunyi la'akari da kullun (ba su san shi a cikin komai) ba, kuma yana da tsalle-tsalle tare da karas da dankali, yana daidaita matakan. Duk wannan ingantaccen abu ya kasance tare da sauraron matasa da kuma ƙarfin zuciya. An yi nasara a gidan waya, mai gabatarwa ya sami fashewa. Sauran kwanaki 20 da yaron 'yar wasa ya maye gurbin gwargwadon kullun. Ya sake yin tuntubi, ya yi karin bayani, kuma jokes ya zama sharper da funnier. Daga Saratov, saurayi ya tafi Riga a yanzu a matsayin wani mai lalata, wanda ba ya canja har ya zuwa yau.

Daga nan kuma akwai wasu birane na Tarayyar Soviet, sanannun duniya, sanarwa, lambar yabo da kuma sunan "Sunny Clown", wanda (bisa ga ɗaya daga cikin tarihin) an ba da kyauta ga Sarauniya na Belgium. Amma amsar da magoya baya suka nuna ba su manta da karon farko ba a 1951 a filin wasa na Saratov Circus na Kamfanin USSR Oleg Konstantinovich Popov.

Gudunwa: tsaida wurare dabam-dabam

Circus conveyor ... Wannan magana yana da ban mamaki a cikin mutanen da ba su da alaka da ƙungiyar yawon shakatawa. A halin yanzu, magunguna masu zane-zane da suke tafiya daga wani circus zuwa wani a kan jiragen kasa da jiragen sama, ko kuma suna haɗuwa da dabbobi da kuma kayan aiki a kan motoci, suna kama da wani mai amfani mai mahimmanci wanda ke rayuwa a cikin motsi. Amma godiya ga wannan a cikin kowane gari, masu sauraro suna kallon lambobi da masu fasaha da ke nuna girman kai da kuma rawar da ke cikin rukuni na Rasha. Saratov Circus ba banda wannan doka ba.

Hakanan masu kallo, kamar na'ura na zamani, suna iya dawowa cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na yawon shakatawa na manyan mashahuran. A fagen fama dazzled shahara wawa fensir (hali. No. Daga Tarayyar Soviet Mikhail Rumyantsev) da kuma wani m tamer Irina Bugrimova da Margarita Nazarova. Saratov yaba da tafi "Bear Circus" Valentin Filatov da sihiri sihiri Emilya Teodorovicha Kio. Suna rike numfashin su, masu kallo suna kallon masu tsere na Dagestani a karkashin jagorancin Yaragi Hajikurbanov da kuma tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle Vladimir Doveyko. Dukan launi na Soviet, sa'an nan kuma Rasha, masanan fagen fama sun wuce ta daya daga cikin tsoffin wuraren farar hula na kasar saboda wani mai ba da alamar circus conveyor.

Ci gaba da hadisai

Rayuwa a circus ba ta daina. Ana ba da maimaita karatun matsala don dakunan da dabbobi. Raƙuma na farko, "jiragen ruwa na hamada," suna motsawa daga ƙafa zuwa ƙafa. Kuma kwanciyar hankali ba zai iya yaudari Irina Volodin, shugaban da ya hada da "Tafiya akan raƙuma." Ta san yadda sauri wadannan sluggish, da farko duba, ubiquins. Kuma daga galibi sun zo ne da magungunan kullun dawakai na dawakai na kyan gani - suna tsammani za su shiga filin wasa, ana kula da gidajen Raisa Shanina.

Ana nuna hoton bidiyo na iyali a cikin alamomi a cikin birnin. Har ila yau, a kan 'yan fagen fama da shahararrun masarauta - masu tafiya da igiya wanda Patimat Hajikurbanova ke jagoranta da kuma jirgin sama da Vladimir Doveyko ya kafa. Sunayen sunayen - kamar alamar inganci ga masu sauraro, neman neman sabon shirin a Saratov Circus. Tickets a ofishin jakadan suna gudu da sauri. Kudin su ya bambanta daga 400 zuwa 1500 rubles.

Festival "The Princess of the Circus"

A cikin Saratov circus an gudanar da wani bikin, ra'ayinsa yana cikin sunan kanta. Labarin ya fara ne a shekara ta 2005, lokacin da circus ya fara kokarin kansa a cikin shirya wani sabon tsarin - rike da wani taron circus. Don halartar gayyaci 'yan mata daga kowane nau'i na fasahar circus. Wannan ba ma'anar cewa 'yan wasa maza ba zasu shiga cikin aikin ba. Amma juri ne kawai don kimanta nauyin fasaha na circus. An yi nasarar gwaji don ci nasara - Saratuv Circus na 'yan'uwan Nikitin ya shirya wani bikin da ya nuna girman kai a cikin taron circus da aka gudanar a Rasha.

A shekara ta 2016, an gudanar da bikin na VI, yana fadada yanayin mujallar mahalarta da kuma kara ma'anar kalmar "duniya". Aikace-aikacen da aka sa hannu daga Brazil, Australia, China sun karbi. Wakilan Colombia da Mexico sun zo birnin a kan Volga. Wa] anda ke daga} asashen waje 10, sun yi la'akari da cewa suna da daraja don shiga cikin gwagwarmaya don kambi na "The Princess of the Circus".

Zakulis: rayuwar da aka ba wa circus

Da yake magana game da circus, sukan sau da yawa game da masu fasaha. Kuma suna da wuya suna tunawa da mutane da suke yin aikin gudanarwa da kuma aiki, da damuwa game da circus da kuma wadatar da su. Saratov Circus ya yi farin ciki - mutanen da ba su damu ba ne.

Shekaru 1873-1917.

Jagoranci ya kasance a kafaɗun 'yan'uwa na Nikitin, wanda ya kafa kuma ya kafa harsashin ma'anar karamar gargajiyar Saratov circus.

1918-1919

An kirkiro circus na farko. 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo sun zaba dan wasan NL Benedetto a matsayin shugaban haɗin gwiwa. Daraktan zane mai suna V. V. Milva.

1931-1938

Daraktan Saratov Circus NL Zelenev ne. A gare shi circus ya canza adireshin kuma ya koma wani sabon ginin dutse. An tsara al'adun aikin soja-patronage. A daidai wannan lokacin, an fara fara aiki tare - ana amfani da ma'anar alama ta circus don magance ayyukan da ake amfani da shi na farfaganda.

1938-1942

Lokacin da ya fara ne a farkon War Warrior. Saratov ya yarda da mutanen da aka kwashe daga yankunan da masu fascikar ke zaune. Akwai masu fasaha daga cikinsu. A kan Saratov Circus, an shirya brigades na wasanni don wasanni kafin sojojin Red Army a baya da gaba. Daraktan Saratov Circus shine MVBabin.

1942-1961 gg.

Manajan lokaci VL Marchenko. Birnin yana dawowa zuwa zaman lafiya, kuma wasan kwaikwayo na circus ya kasance sananne. A wannan lokacin (1950), B.I. Mamleev, mai kula da fagen fama, ya zo ya yi aiki a circus, ya tafi filin wasa na Saratov har tsawon shekaru 30.

1962-1976

Daraktan Saratov Circus IV Dubinsky ya kammala aikin sake ginawa wanda tsohon magabata da dome suka fara. An gudanar da ayyukan a cikin kakar wasanni, ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Ga masu fasahar hoton "Arena" an gina. Circus ya sami matsayi na samarwa kuma ya fara shirya sabon lambobi da abubuwan jan hankali, a cikin Saratov wani labari mai zurfi na Kazakh circus yaro ya fara. Circus ya dauki matsayi mafi girma a cikin tsarin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar All-Union "Soyuzgotsirk". A cikin ƙungiyar wakilai, Joseph Veniaminovich ya ziyarci Hungary, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Jamus. A Ostiraliya, na ga wani marmaro mai mahimmanci "Dandelion" kuma, ya dawo Saratov, ya yi daidai a filin da ke gaban circus. Wani babban ra'ayi - ƙungiyar makarantar circus a Saratov - ba ta da rai. A 1976, IV Dubinsky ya mutu.

1977-1988

Batun na jagorar circus ya yarda da VPV.Vladykin. Ya gudanar kada ya karya yanayin yanayi mai kyau a cikin tawagar. An lura da Saratov Circus akai-akai a cikin umarni a matsayin wata hanyar ci gaba, kuma masu zane-zane sun yi farin ciki don yin tafiya zuwa birnin a kan Volga.

1988-1999

Rushewar Tarayyar Tarayyar Soviet ba zai iya rinjayar aikin circus ba. Ƙungiyar da aka haɗa da ƙungiyar circus ta rushe. A wannan lokaci, Yu Yu ya jagoranci circus ne. Labaran matsalolin kudi yana tilasta rage yawan yawan gabatarwa - ana gudanar da wasanni ne kawai kwana uku a mako. A wannan lokacin ya wajaba a yi bikin cika shekaru 125. An sake gyara circus, kuma a kan fuskarsa ya fito da rubutun: "Circus da aka kira bayan 'yan'uwa Nikitin".

1999-2016

An sake farautar Saratov Circus karkashin jagorancin sabon darekta IG Kuzmin. Ya gudanar da gyaran aikin, ƙara yawan yawan wasan kwaikwayon kuma ya jawo hankalin sababbin masu kallo a circus. An shirya wannan ta jerin tarurruka da Saratov Circus suka shirya: gasar cin kofin Rasha ta All-Rasha (1999), Ƙasar Rumun Kasa ta Kasa da Kasa (2001). An yi bikin bikin tunawa da shekaru 130 na circus ta gasar International Competition na Circus Art (2003). Tun shekarar 2005, tarihin yakin "The Princess of the Russian Circus" ya fara, wanda ke gudana a kowace shekara biyu kuma ya taru a cikin filin wasa na Saratov.

Hanyoyin da IG Kuzmin ya samu ya tilasta shi ya bar mukamin darektan circus. A lokacin rani na 2016, an zabi Ivan Georgievich Ministan Al'adu na Saratov. Kuma sabon shugaban zai sami matukar wahala don ci gaba da inganta al'amuran Saratov circus.

Maimakon magana mai mahimmanci: dawowar labari

Tsayawa kallon kallon circus, mutane suna sa ran jinkirin rago. A facade ne mai haske sanarwa: "Tun Satumba 26 a cikin Circus wani sabon shirin!"

Babu abin mamaki, sai dai sunan mai fasaha, wanda ya buɗe kakar circus. Oleg Popov! Girman "hasken rana", da zarar ya fara hanyar ɗaukaka a cikin fagen Saratov. 'Yan kasuwa, wadanda suka wuce kimanin kashi ɗaya cikin dari na karni suka rayu a Jamus kuma ba su je zuwa kasashen Rasha ba. Idol na miliyoyin 'yan Soviet maza, waɗanda suka koma gidansu na nasara na farko, don su fahimci sababbin magoyacin circus.

A yau a cikin Saratov ba yara suna tambayi manya su dauki su zuwa circus, kuma tsofaffi da kakanninsu suna gabatar da jikoki zuwa matasan su. Littafin baƙo a kowanne shafi yana adana radiyo godiya da amsawa. Circus da aka kira bayan 'yan'uwa Nikitin (Rasha, Saratov) ya ci gaba da gigice masu sha'awar sana'ar su. Zai yiwu a kusa da master a yau wani sabon tauraron ya haskaka, wanda zai dawo zuwa fagen Saratov bayan rabin karni.