Matsalar muhalli na amfani da na'urorin thermal. Hanyar bayani

A Nature Conservancy - wani muhimmin aiki, saboda gabatarwa da m duniya gaba take kaiwa zuwa da makawa matsaloli da kasada a cikin batun na gurbacewar muhalli. Daga cikin sauran social hatsarori na daya daga cikin wurare na farko shagaltar da matsalolin muhalli hade da yin amfani da zafin rana injuna.

Mene ne a gare mu, injunan zafi

Kowace rana zamu yi hulɗa da injuna da ke motsa motoci, jiragen ruwa, kayan aiki, jiragen jiragen kasa da jirage. Wannan shi ne bayyanar da amfani da na'urori na thermal wadanda ke da masana'antu da sauri.

Matsalar muhalli na amfani da na'urorin thermal shine cewa watsi da makamashi na makamashi yana haifar da ƙarancin abin da ke kewaye, ciki har da yanayi. Masana kimiyya sun aka fafitikar da matsalar da narkewa na glaciers da kuma teku matakin Yunƙurin, dauka wata babbar factor a cikin tasiri na ayyukan mutane. Canje-canje a cikin yanayi zai haifar da canji a yanayin rayuwar mu, amma duk da wannan a kowace shekara, yawan makamashi yana ƙaruwa.

Inda ake amfani da motar motsa jiki

Miliyoyin motocin motoci a cikin ƙananan injuna suna shiga cikin sufuri da sufuri. A kan tashar jiragen kasa akwai tasoshin tarin diesel mai karfi, tare da hanyoyin ruwa - jiragen ruwa. Aircraft bayar da fistan, turbojet da turboprop injuna. Kamfanonin rocket suna "turawa" tashoshin sararin samaniya, jiragen ruwa da taurari na duniya. An shigar da injunan ƙirar ciki a cikin aikin noma a kan hada, tashoshin rumfunan, tractors da sauran abubuwa.

Matsalar muhalli na amfani da na'urorin thermal

Injin da mutum ke amfani da su, kayan aikin zafi, samar da motar mota, yin amfani da makamashi na turbine, da jirgin sama da makamai masu linzami, da kuma gurbataccen yanayi na ruwa da jiragen ruwa suke ciki - duk wannan yana da mummunan tasiri ga yanayin.

Na farko, lokacin da aka kone kwalba da man fetur, nitrogen da sulfur mahaukaci, masu lahani ga mutane, an sake su cikin yanayin. Abu na biyu, hanyoyin suna amfani da oxygen, abin da ke cikin iska saboda hakan.

A watsi da abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin yanayi - ba kawai factor zuwa tasiri da yanayin zafi injuna. Baza'a iya samar da makamashi da wutar lantarki ba tare da kawar da yawancin zafi zuwa yanayin ba, wanda ba zai iya haifar da haɓaka a yawancin zafin jiki a duniya ba.

Rashin ƙazamar jini na da nauyi ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa abubuwa sun ƙone ƙara yawan ƙwayar carbon dioxide a cikin yanayi. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da fitowar "tasirin greenhouse". Warming duniya yana zama ainihin haɗari.

Matsalar muhalli ta yin amfani da na'ura na thermal yana cikin gaskiyar cewa konewar man fetur ba zai iya zama cikakke ba, wannan yana haifar da saki cikin iska da muke numfashi, ash da sojan flax. A cewar kididdigar, yawancin wutar lantarki a kowace shekara suna bada fiye da ton miliyan 200 na ash kuma fiye da ton miliyan 60 na sulfur oxide.

Matsaloli na ilimin halayyar yanayi da suka hada da amfani da na'urorin thermal, kokarin ƙoƙarin warware dukan ƙasashen da suka waye. Ana gabatar da sababbin hanyoyin fasaha na makamashi don inganta cigaba da motsin wutar lantarki. A sakamakon haka, amfani da makamashi don samar da samfurori guda ɗaya yana ragewa ƙwarai, rage yanayin illa ga yanayin.

Ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ƙananan motsi na motocin da sauran na'urorin da yawa sun fita a cikin yanayi, sa'an nan kuma a cikin ƙasa mai cutarwa ga dukkanin sharar gida, misali, chlorine, sulfur mahadi (a cikin konewa na kwalba), carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen oxides, da dai sauransu. Ginan motoci a kowace shekara yana fitar da nau'i uku na jagora zuwa cikin yanayi.

A cikin shuke-shuke na makamashin nukiliya, wani matsalar muhalli ta amfani da na'urorin haɗi na thermal shine kare lafiya da kuma zubar da rashawa na rediyo.

Saboda karfin wutar lantarki mai yawan gaske, wasu yankuna sun rasa ikon yin tsabtace sararin samaniya. Aiki nukiliya shuke-shuke taimaka wajen rage watsi, amma ga tururi turbines bukatar babbar yawa ruwa da kuma wani babban fili karkashin tafkunan don sanyaya shaye tururi.

Solutions

Abin takaici, 'yan adam ba za su iya ƙin amfani da injunan zafi ba. Ina ne hanya? Don ciyar da tsari na žarfin man fetur, wato, don rage amfani da wutar lantarki, yana da muhimmanci don haɓaka injin don yin aikin. Yin gwagwarmaya da mummunan sakamako na amfani da na'urorin thermal shine kawai don inganta yawan amfani da makamashi da kuma canzawa zuwa fasahar samar da makamashi.

Gaba ɗaya, ba daidai ba ne a faɗi cewa matsalar matsalar muhalli na duniya ta amfani da na'urorin thermal ba a warware su ba. Ƙara yawan locomotives na lantarki suna maye gurbin jiragen samaniya; Cars a kan batura sun zama sanannun; Ana gabatar da fasahohin makamashi na makamashi a cikin masana'antu. Akwai fatan cewa jiragen sama da na'urori na roka zasu bayyana. Gwamnatocin kasashe da dama suna aiwatar da shirye-shirye na kasa da kasa don kare yanayin, wanda aka umurce shi da tashe-tashen hankulan duniya.