Reserves na Penza yankin. Jihar Halitta Reserve "Volga steppe"

A watershed tsakanin Volga da Don ne na halitta ajiye "Volga steppe." A 1924, an halitta su ajiye arewacin matakan da wooded yankunan da ake kira Penza. A shekara ta 1927, annexing rabo daga cikin sauran larduna, da ajiye aka ba sunan Mid-Volga. A 1937 da sunan da aka canza zuwa Kuibyshev, kuma an dauke shi a ajiye har 1951.

Bugu da ari, bisa ga gwamnati ta yanke shawara, ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa jihar gonaki, wanda ke haifar da asarar mafi makiyaya yankunan. Kawai a shekarar 1989, da ajiye da aka kafa a kan tushen da biyar manyan filaye sake: uku manyan steppe - Poperechenskaya, Kucherovskaya da Ostrovtsovskaya da biyu gandun daji ƙasar - Borok da Upper Sura. The ajiye ƙasa - 8373 kadada. Kewaye da shi, da ƙasar nasa ne da buffer zone, wanda aka iyakance ga harkokin tattalin arziki amfani. A kan irin wannan sararin ƙasa da na tsakiya Volga yankin, da sauƙi, cikin kewayon yanayi ne daban-daban. Wannan shi ne yafi gauraye gandun daji da kuma musamman Flora da ƙasa abun da ke ciki na budurwa steppe.

ƙasa

Very wasan kwaikwayo view daga ajiye saboda siffofin daban-daban na taimako. Wannan tsoho kogin cibiyar sadarwa, da kuma Marshes, da tafkunan. Babban dũkiya reserves na Penza yankin - shi ne gona. A buffer zone Kuncherovskoy matakan ake sake m filin. Idan a nan za ka iya isa sufuri, da Ostrovets da Poperechenskaya steppe da wani datti hanyoyi ko ruwa a jikinsu. A kasar gona murfin da matakan da gandun daji bambanta. Saboda haka abin da ake kira m kasa fi yawa a cikin gandun daji. Chernozem ƙasa steppe fi yawa a cikin iri-iri, cikinsa da reference makiyaya ƙasa humus Layer ne daga 80 zuwa 100 cm.

Flora

Nature Reserve - wani gandun daji da kuma steppe. By kafa jinsin su ne Pine da kuma itacen oak. Matakan kasu kashi makiyayar da goge, marshy makiyayar da. Steppe ne ko da yaushe hade da wani gashin tsuntsu. Musamman shi da kyau a watan Yuni da Yuli, a lokacin da azurfa Thread kolyshatsya gashin tsuntsu a cikin iska, da kuma enliven da steppe. A lokaci guda, shi ke nan a launuka na ganye. A Flora na ajiye ne mai yawa da kuma ƙaddamar da horsetails, kulob din mosses, gymnosperms da angiosperms, akwai 850 jinsunan, takwas daga wanda aka jera a matsayin miyagun. Lichen a matakan Tsakiya Volga 108 jinsunan. Akwai 119 jinsunan namomin kaza, kowa a wani kiyayewa yankin. A wani wooded yankin ciki har da 72 jinsunan mosses. The Red Littãfi sun 4 iri ciyawa da girma a cikin ajiye.

fauna

A fauna reserves na Penza yankin yana da fiye da 800 jinsuna daban na kwari. Da ake samu a koguna da bogs halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, wanda a ajiye 11 jinsunan. A cikin gandun daji da kuma fadamun kare yankin live kadangaru, adders, frogs. Aviafaunu yanki ne 154 jinsunan tsuntsaye. Daga cikin rajista rare Pallid Harrier da Great Bustard. A kan ƙasa na su yi sheƙarsu ajiye gina su quail, corncrake, Malabar tit kuma woodpecker toed.

Duniya dabbobi masu shayarwa na ajiye "Volga steppe" da aka wakilta 44 jinsunan. Rare wakilan wannan aji hada da Otter, Lynx, ermine. A kan gangara na m ravines hadu foxholes. Forest-steppe sashi daga cikin ajiye kayyade abun da ke ciki na fauna, ciki har da na hali gandun daji da kuma gonakin da jinsin dabbobi. Wadannan sun hada da vole, mole bera, jerboa. A cikin hunturu, da gandun daji ne gida daruruwan capercaillie da kuma baki takaddamarsu, daji boar da Elk. Suna da farauta da kuma kama kifi jinsunan, kuma suna a lokacin hunturu farauta aka halatta.

Kuma matakan Kucherovskaya Poperechenskaya

Tare da kudu maso yammacin sashe na gandun daji Kucherovskoy wani kwalta hanya a haɗa kauyen Old Shatkino da Circe. unpaved yankunan karkara hanyoyi cibiyar sadarwa kara daga gandun daji iyaka, wanda damar gida mutane su shiga ajiye da yake da wahala a kare yankin. Tare da yammacin iyakar Kuncherovskoy gandun daji gudãna rafi da suka samo asali daga duka marẽmari a cikin ravines. A cikin ƙasa na steppe da kamar wata bolotets. A kudancin gangara relict steppe mamaye ciyawa - ovsets hamada.

Poperechenskaya steppe, da nisa daga hanyoyi da ƙauyuka. Tafkunan ne ma ba ya nan. The kawai share fage da take kaiwa zuwa kauyen giciye. Don sintiri da ajiye yanki kusa da shi yana da datti hanya. Wannan steppe aka located a kan wani tudu tsakanin koguna Archada da Hopper.

Ostrovtsovskaya steppe

Bari mu magana game da shi. Ostrovtsovskaya steppe reserves da Penza yankin yana dauke da mafi kyau. An located nisa daga wayewa. A kudancin da kuma gabashin ɓangare na steppe kẽwayesu da zurfin gullies. Steppe cike da gidajen gona da yawa qarqashinsu cewa gudu zuwa cikin kogin Hopper. A lokuta daban-daban, da steppe na da musamman tufafin. A cikin bazara shi ne a canza launin tare da fari da kuma ruwan hoda almond, da ƙayayuwa. A ciyawa kyan gani, shugaban purple irises kuma adonis spring. Summer steppe brighten da launuka na daji Mallow, da shunayya, oregano. White daisies duba mai haske spots tsakanin azurfa tãguwar ruwa na gashin tsuntsu. Summer - mai ban mamaki lokaci kuma kwari, fluttering kan makiyaya furanni. Suna kawai nazarin kimiyya, da kuma irin matsayin stag irin ƙwaro da Krasotel, an jera a matsayin miyagun.

Borok da Upper Sura

A wani bangare na wooded Borca Pine predominates. Bugu da kari ga shi, a cikin wani kiyayewa yankin girma Rowan, Maple, viburnum, buckthorn, tsuntsu ceri. A yankin da gandun daji bel gudanar tare da floodplain na kogin hanya Kadadah. Woodland Borok daukawa ruwa kiyayewa darajar kare yankin. A taro cikinsu yake saran itatuwa a cikin wannan gandun daji yanki ne ba saboda da yanayin da aiki Bork tunawa matsayi a shekarar 1965. Forest ma'abũta, zaune a bakin tekun na gudãna - da muskrat da dabbar beaver kogin. Qalilan ne a cikin dazuzzuka za ka iya ganin squirrels, daji Boars da Roe barewa. Birds ake wakilta a wani kiyayewa yankin Sand Martin, kingfishers, kowa tern. Gani nesting da tsuntsaye masu cin nama: shirwa, goshawk, sha'awa.

Na biyu rabo daga katako reserves Penza yankin - Upper Sura, dake a cikin mafi girman ɓangare na Volga Upland. Wannan gandun daji yanki mafi girma na biyar, na ga ajiye. A nan, a cikin gandun daji daga cikin tsofaffin Pine plantations fãra kogin Sura. Wannan gandun daji yanki ba arziki a cikin ruwa. Akwai makullin da kuma kamar wata tabkuna. Daya daga cikinsu - da lake ne mai haske, wadda take kaiwa a yin yawo sawu. Wannan yawon shakatawa qaddamar da ajiye ma'aikatan da kuma su rakiya, ya wuce. Ta hanyar da gandun daji yanki ya kai wani babban yawan datti hanyoyi, tsara don masu gadi da ajiye.