Nau'in kungiyoyin na kasa

A surface Layer na duwatsu, wadda aka fi fallasa, da ake kira "share fage". Da kaddarorin ne kai tsaye dogara a kan daban-daban na waje tsoma da zai sa sinadaran da jiki yashewa, halakar iska, ruwa yashewa, kazalika da zazzabi canje-canje. Marinjãya ɓangare na ƙasa, wanda shi ne batun ƙarin rinjayar daban-daban nazarin halittu dalilai, kira gona. Tasiri na ƙasa a lokacin da gina gine-gine da kuma hanyoyi ne manya-manyan. Dangane da irin da kaddarorin da daban-daban da kwanciyar hankali da kuma karko na duniya cover fasahar kuma yi zane.

By digiri na halakar da ƙasa da duwatsu integuments, rarrabe da wadannan babban kungiyoyin na kasa:

1. Neskalnye.

2. Rock.

Na farko da kungiyar, bi da bi, ne zuwa kashi da dama kungiyoyin bisa ga mataki na fragmentation: m, lãka da yashi kasa.

M kungiyar ƙasa qunshi cakuda Sakakken barbashi size ya fi girma fiye 2 mm, tare da su rabo daga fiye da 50% by nauyi. Sandy kasa ne a cakuda bushe girma particulate total taro ba shi da isasshen ductility.

Clay kasa kungiyoyi suna trenching inuwõyi, ba wucewa ruwa wanda zai iya zama monolithic ko bushe lumpy yanayin, amma roba a wetted yanayin. Da abun ciki na argillaceous kankara dole ne a kalla 3% na jimlar nauyi.

Sun kungiyar kasa ya kasu kashi metamorphic, igneous da sedimentary. Bã su da wani m isasshen dangantaka tsakanin hatsi da kuma cakuda ma'adinai gaɓũɓuwa, wanda zai iya karya a cikin wani fashe Layer ko m tsararru.

Igneous constituting kankara ne daga volcanic asalin da ta musamman rarrabuwa: effusive, misali, diabase da basalt, kuma a cikin zurfin, kamar syenite da dutse.

Wakiltar metamorphic kankara cewa an fallasa zuwa high zafin jiki da kuma matsa lamba, misali, marmara, quartzite ko gneiss. Wadannan kayan da wani babban matakin da ƙarfi.

Da samuwar da sedimentary kasa kungiyar ne saboda adibas barbashi daga gubar slurry wanda baya ne tuba a cikin wani monolithic Layer. Su ne ko dai sakamakon sinadaran tururi shaida, ko wani iri-iri na Organic tafiyar matakai. Hakazalika ya bayyana Marktl, dolomite, gypsum, farar ƙasa, kuma peat.

sedimentation yanayin sa kara rarrabuwa a cikin aeolian, ruwa-glacial moraine, kogin da kuma teku.

Clastic kankara dauki kashi biyu subgroups, wanda aka raba da yanayin da hulda tsakanin barbashi a cikin alaka (lãka) da kuma katse (yashi da tsakuwa).

A Properties na kowane rukuni na gona ya dogara da bayyanar dutse, amma su iya bambanta da yawa a cikin sinadaran da mineralogical abun da ke ciki, hali na connection, da siffar da barbashi size.

Saboda haka, da na share fage ne mai tarwatsa multiphase tsarin, a cikin halitta ta da shi yana da uku bulan: ma'adinai aka gyara na dutse, ruwa da iska.