Rasul Gamzatov: biography, kerawa, iyali, photos, da kuma quotes

Known Avar mawãƙi na Soviet lokaci, Rasul Gamzatov aka haife shi a shekarar 1923, Satumba 8, a Tsada (wannan kauye a gundumar Khunzakh Dagestan ASSR). Mahaifinsa, Gamzat Tsadasa ya kasa mawãƙi na ƙasarsa ta jumhuriya, Yabo na Jihar Prize na Tarayyar Soviet, shi da uwarsa - Handulay Gaydarbekgadzhievna Gamzatov (1888-1965) - ya kasance mai sauki Asian mace, uwargida.

makarantar kwana

Kamar dukan Soviet yara, shekaru 7 shekaru, watau a cikin 1930, Rasul Gamzatov tafi karatu a makarantar sakandare Araninska ya quite m, mai hankali da kuma na bincike dalibi. Ya musamman dadin sauraron labaru na mahaifinsa game da sanannen gwarzo Shamil, wanda, bayan samun takwas rauni ta hanyar da zuciya, ci gaba da yaki. Ya ya iya da daya bugun jini na da takobinsa yanke mahayi tare da doki daga shugaban da kafana. Bayan haka, Rasul spellbound sauraron labarin da jarumi Naib Hadji Murad. Daga baya ya fassara a waka Lva Tolstogo game da wannan gwarzo a ƙasarsa ta harshe. Sauran fi so characters na mawãƙi sun almara Hochbar da chohsky kyau Kamal Bashir. Duk wannan saboda kabila Rasūla Gamzatova - Avar, kuma yana sha'awar kusan dukan labarun da aka ce game da jaruntakar da mutãnensa. Ya kuma ƙaunar saurare a cikin kalmomi na songs na almara singer Mahmoud soyayya. Game da tarihin mutanen ya san daga wadannan labaru. Kuma kadan Rasul son sauraron waqe rubuta ta mahaifinsa. Ba da da ewa, ya koya musu da zuciya.

Rasul Gamzatov. Bayan Fage: na farko matakai kamar yadda mawãƙi

Lokacin da yake da 9 shekara, ya rubuta ta farko da waqe. Daga wannan rana a kan wani layin daga alkalami gudana kamar yadda daga wani cornucopia. Sun kasance sũ ne da kansa makaranta, abokai, da na makaranta, malamai, da sauransu. D. By da shekaru 13 (a lokacin da Rasul Gamzatov koma kawai cikin bakwai sa) a daya daga cikin Avar jaridu, wato a cikin "Bolshevik duwãtsu", da aka buga daya daga cikin waqe. Famous marubuci Rajab Dinmagomaev, na kasa Gamzatov rubuta mai daraja ambaci wannan samfurin. Sa'an nan Rasul sa'an nan da aka buga a daban-daban wallafe Khunzakh yanki a Buynakskovskoy gida jarida, kazalika a cikin kasa da mako-mako jaridar "Bolshevik duwãtsu." Kamar yadda wani saurayi nasu sunan barkwanci da aka ba, sa'an nan ya sanya hannu a creative sunan mahaifinsa - Tsadasa. Amma wata rana wani m mountaineer nuna masa na mamaki a canji a salon mahaifinsa. Kuma domin ba za a rikita batun tare da Tsadasa, ya dauki matsayin laƙabi sunan kakansa. Yanzu da yake wani matashi Avar mawãƙi waɗanda suke ɗauke da sunan Rasul Gamzatov.

matasa

Bayan kammala karatu high school aji 8 gaba shahara mawãƙi yi takardun a Avar Teacher Training College a garin Buynaksk. Bayan shekaru 2, ya kasance malamin ya koma ƙasarsa ta makaranta. Bayan wani lokaci sai ya koma cikin Avar Jihar wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mataimakin darektan sa'an nan shugaban sashen zauna a Dagestan jaridar "Bolshevik duwãtsu", wanda ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin wakilin. Sa'an nan rabo kawo shi zuwa Dagestan rediyo, da kuma don wani lokaci ya kasance editan watsa.

Moscow

Bayan karshen yakin duniya na II, a cikin abin da ya rasa ɗan'uwansa, Rasul Gamzatov koma Moscow don yin karatu a Moscow Literary Cibiyar zuwa gare su. Gorky. Ya sa shi ya dauki wannan mataki Lak mawãƙi Effendi Kapiev, da suka ji daga cikin waqoqi da aka fassara a cikin harshen Rashanci, ina aka fascinated da talanti guda na matasa Avar. Af, kafin ya koma Moscow, saurayin ya memba na Writers 'Union. Gamzatov ilimi a Rasha sun fiye da isasshen kudin shiga ga Literary Institute, amma darektan, Fedoru Vasilevichu Gladkovu, don haka son da fassarorin da ya waqe, ya yi watsi da da yawa kuskuren da samari a cikin karantawa, rubuta shi a cikin yawan shigar dalibai. Wata ila ya yi yana da wani hango cewa shi mai fuskantar wani nan gaba shahara mawãƙi, ba kawai a kasarsa. Lalle ne, bayan shekaru riga duk a kan Tarayyar Soviet mu san wanda ya Rasul Gamzatov. Tarihinsa ne wannan lokaci alama farkon ya aiki hanya a matsayin adabi adadi na Tarayyar Soviet.

Nazari a Cibiyar. Gorky

A nan a institute, matasa Avar gano da yawa sabon abubuwa. Poetry aka saukar zuwa gare shi a cikin wani sabon haske. More kuma mafi saba da aikin na daban-daban Rasha da kuma kasashen waje mawallafa, kowane lokaci ya fadi cikin soyayya a daya, sa'an nan a cikin wani. Daga favorites kasance Block, Yesenin, Bagritsky, Mayakovsky, kuma, ba shakka, Pushkin, Nekrasov, Lermontov, da kuma kasashen waje da shi su ne sosai a kusa da ayyukan Heine. A 1950, mawãƙi Rasul Gamzatov kammala karatunsa. Daga baya, ya ce cewa Rasha adabi Ya sanya wani kafu daram ra'ayi a kan shi, shi da aiki.

Zamantakewa da kuma jihar awards

Bayan Rasul Gamzatov kammala karatunsa a Moscow wallafe-wallafen da kuma mayar da su zuwa ƙasarsa ta Dagestan, ya kuma an zabe jagoran kungiyar na Writers na m jamhuriyar. A post ya gudanar da yawa kamar yadda shekaru 53 da haihuwa, har zuwa rasuwarsa a 2003. Bugu da kari, ya kuma an zabe na farko mataimakin sa'an nan mataimakin shugaban Koli Soviet na Dagestan cin gashin kanta Soviet ta Tsakiya, da kyau, bayan da cewa mataimakin-Union sikelin. Shi ne kuma memba na Editorial katakan irin wannan babbar wallafe kamar yadda "The New World" da "Friendship na Peoples" (mujallu), "Rasha Wallafe-wallafe" da "Literary Gazette" da sauransu.

Rasul Gamzatov rai da arziki ƙwarai: ya kullum koma daga Dagestan zuwa Moscow, da yawa na tafiya, saduwa da magoya na da basira, amma mafi muhimmanci - ya ji kullum da hankali da kuma kula na jihar. Yana za a iya kira da masoyi na arziki. A waɗannan shekaru jihar ya ni'imtar da da talented mutane na art da kuma daban-daban da kari an bayar da lambar yabo da kuma umarni. Gamzatov wani jarumi na da oda na Lenin (hudu sau), "Oktoba juyin juya halin", "Friendship na Peoples", da sauransu. Kafin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2003 shi ne shugaban Vladimir Putin ya samu na Order of Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Rasul Gamzatov - mawãƙi

Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi a institute buga na farko tarin waqe daga cikin shahararrun Avar mawãƙi a Rasha. Bayan da ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga harsuna na sauran mutanen da Tarayyar Soviet. A mafi kyau ayyukan mawãƙi ne: "Our Mountain", "My Land", "Shekara da na haihuwa," "The Tale na yayana," "Gida Santa", "A cikin duwatsu na zuciyata", "Dagestan Spring", "3arema" (1963 ) "da kuma star tare da tauraron ya ce," "The uku hour", "Cranes", "Island na mata", "My Dagestan", "hukunci da ni da Code of soyayya", "Santa kundin tsarin mulki" da sauransu. Kusan duk na tarin girmama tare da wani Jihar Prize. Alal misali, domin "Shekara na haihuwa," mawãƙi Rasul Gamzatov aka bayar da Jihar Prize da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma ga "High Star" - da Lenin Prize.

Sage!

An ce dutsen da ke sa mutane na musamman. Zai yiwu shi ne kusanci ga Allah? Rabu da duniya, da suke zaune nisa daga wayewa, wadannan sages rayuwa a cikin manyan duwãtsu. Daga cikin ayyukan Rasul Gamzatov daga cikin tunani kawai gaske! Sun ƙunshi wani m yawan hikima faxin. A nan, alkali: "Tsarki ya tabbata, kada, kada ku shãfe live, ... ko da karfi da kuma mafi kyau sau ku kashe." Yana da ban mamaki yadda da yawa zurfin a cikin wannan daya line! Amma shi ne farin ciki: "Farin Ciki ba wani abu da yake kai-zo a lokacin da shi ba a neman farin ciki - birnin bagure a yaƙi, ko gina daga toka."

Rasul songs Gamzatov

Ayoyi da yawa Avar mawãƙi ya rubuta da karin waƙa. A songs yi da irin wannan shahara mawaƙa kamar almara Anna Jamus, duniya shahara Galina Vishnevskaya, Iosif Kobzon, Muslim Magomayev, Valery Leontiev, Sophia Rotaru, Vakhtang Kikabidze da sauransu.

Family Rasul Gamzatov

Great Avar marubuci duk rayuwata bauta wa mahaifansa biyu. Hakika, mahaifina zai zama mafi girma da wani dalĩli game da shi, amma ga uwa tasa ya yi na musamman soyayya. Janar mace dutsen ba haka sauki, don haka ya tsoratar ga ta kasance m. A nan ne mai quote daga daya daga cikin ayyukansa: "Na kai hari: kula uwa Banĩ duniya, kula da mahaifiyarsa.". Shi ne kamar yadda m ga matarsa. A mawãƙi yana da wajen babban iyali. Kuma kamar yadda shi ne m, a kowace Asian iyali, ya aka kewaye da hankali, girmamawa da kuma kula da iyalinsa. Wife Rasul Gamzatov Patimat ta haifa masa 'ya'ya mata uku. Waliyyinsa ya yi ba. Kuma 'yar ba shi da yawa jĩkõki, kuma babu daya grandchild. Wata kila wannan shi ne saboda ganin cewa ya aka kullum kewaye da mata, hali wajen weaker jima'i kasance haka m. Ya yaba da su da kyau, da tausayi. A nan ne Lines cewa ya kishin uwãyensu: "Years, bã ka da wani iko a kan mace - da, ba shakka, yana da ba wani asirin da duk iyaye mata da yara ne m, don haka babu mummuna mata.!"

memory

Great Avar mawãƙi ya mutu a 2003 yana da shekaru 80. Ko lokacin da yake rayuwa, ya immortalized kansa ta wurin ayyukan al'ajibi. Rasha da kuma Dagestani gwamnati, ya sha nanata sanya yanke shawara a kan kafa memorials zuwa babban Avars a kan ƙasa na Dagestan (inda shigar a babban adadin Monuments Gamzatov Rasul), da kuma cikin Rasha. A shekarar 2013, a gaban shugaba Vladamir Putin da kuma magajin garin Moscow a cikin babban birnin kasar da aka kaddamar da wani abin tunawa ga babban waƙen.