Rasha Apartment hare-hare (1999)

Rasha Apartment hare a 1999 ne wani jerin hare-haren ta'addanci da aka za'ayi a Moscow, Buynaksk da Volgodonsk. A sakamakon haka, 307 ne suka mutu da kuma a kan 1,700 sun samu mummunan rauni, kuma sun sha wahala a wata hanya.

Bisa ga official version, kazalika da sentences na shari'a jikin na Rasha Federation, kungiyar da kuma kudade na wadannan hare-haren da aka a sakamakon da ba bisa doka ba samuwar Shugabannin sun yi kira da Musulunci Institute "Caucasus". Kamar tabbatar da bincikensa, da Rasha Apartment hare-haren, an umurce by Abu Umar da kuma Amir al-Khattab, yayin da masu aikatawa sun rukuni na Arewa Caucasian mayakan. Za'ayi da kai hare-hare asali da aka tsara don cimma taro mutuwar mutane don tursasa jama'a da general rushewa daga cikin data kasance tsaro tsarin. Bugu da kari, da hare-haren da aka sanya domin samun wani tasiri a kan yanke shawara da hukumomin alaka da tsiyacewa daga cikin illolin da kai hari a kan Dagestan yan bindiga faru a cikin wannan shekara.

Domin shekaru da dama bayan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin m mafiya yawa daga cikin masu aikatawa da kuma shirya an kashe ko kama da sojojin na musamman da sabis na Jojiyanci da kuma Rasha sojojin. Abin baƙin ciki, wasu daga cikin masu shirya kuma aka ba wa azãba ba.

Fashewa a Bunaykske

Rasha Apartment bombings fara a Buynaksk birni inda 4 Satumba 1999 ya aka nike tashi da wani biyar-storey na zama gini a ul. Levanevskogo (Shihsaidov) №3. Fashewa da aka samar ta amfani da iskar gas-truck model 52, wanda a lokacin ya kasance fiye da 2700 kg na bama-bamai sanya daga ammonium nitrate da aluminum foda. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da manufa na harin da aka ba zaba da ka. Rasha Apartment bombings fara ne da soja iyalan gidajenku.

A sakamakon wani harin ta'addanci ya kai ga halakar biyu zaune gidaje, sakamakon 64 mutane kashe da 146 suka ji rauni. Har ila yau ya shirya a karo na biyu fashewa da truck ZIL-130 model, amma sa'a, shi zai iya neutralize da kwamandan na musamman injiniya bataliya har ya kasance kusa da asibitin bayan game da sa'o'i biyu bayan tashin bam na farko ya faru. Daga bisani neutered truck aka samu takardun a cikin sunan Isa Zaynutdinova.

Fashewa a Moscow (a kan Guryanov)

Rasha Apartment hare a 1999 domin ci gaba da kai harin na 9-storey na zama gini located a kan Guryanov Street (Moscow), wanda ya faru a ranar 8 ga watan Satumba. Biyu entrances a sakamakon harin da aka hallaka. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da kunno kai harin bom ma ya jagoranci wani tsanani nakasawa da ke makwabtaka da gidan kayayyaki.

Kamar yadda na aikin data, Rasha Apartment hare a 1999 a kan Guryanov Street ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 100, yayin da game da 690 mutane suka ji rauni sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na tsanani. Bomb binciken bayar da shawarar cewa wani m damar 350 kg na m (darajar nuna a TNT), da kuma a lokacin binciken farko da za'ayi a kan tabo, da barbashi aka samu RDX da TNT. A 'yan kwanaki baya da shawarar da aka sanya gaba daya ya hallaka gidan sana'a sojojin Bomb, yayin da Apartment ma'abũta aka koma zuwa wasu gine-gine.

A farko da kira

A kadan daga baya, wani kira da aka yi da Editorial jirgin na kamfanin dillancin "Interfax", wanda ya kamata ya bayyana bayani game da abin da suke Apartment hare-hare a cikin watan Satumba a Rasha. Mutumin ya yi magana da wani karfi da ya furta Caucasian lafazi da kuma gabatar da kansa ne kawai a matsayin memba na "Confederation na da kwato Dagestan". Ya ce cewa Apartment hare-hare a Rasha (a Moscow musamman) ne wani aiki na fansa ga gaskiya cewa Rasha Federation da aka dauke da fitar soja da ya faru a kan ƙasa na Dagestan. A wannan rana, a duk labarai tashoshi da aka nuna identikit Mukhit Laypanova wanda takalman daki a farko bene na ginin inda ta fashe. Satumba 13 da aka hukuma da aka gudanar a ranar makoki domin matattu mutane a cikin biyu fashe.

investigative aiki

Da zarar harin ya faru a kan Guryanov Street, gundumar cikin Moscow fara rayayye duba duk nonresidential. Musamman da hankali ne ba da aikin Dmitriya Kuzovogo, suka yanke shawarar su sosai duba gidan a kan Kashirskoye, №3. Wannan gini housed da furniture store, mai shi na cinikayya-mutumin mai suna Muhit Laypanov, ya bayyana cewa za a sanya a sugar sito. A cikin shakka daga cikin rundunar kantin sayar da dubawa ban sami babban adadin bags cika da sugar, amma ya ba su ma san cewa wannan wani cover for 'yan ta'adda yin amfani da su ɓõye nakiyoyi. Shi ne kawai daga baya, a ranar 12 ga watan Satumba, da gundumar sake je gidan domin sake jarrabawa, amma samu kawai rufaffiyar shagon kofa, don crack cewa ya iya ba. Satumba 13 a can ya faru da wani iko fashewa.

fashewa Kashirskoye

Lokacin da Rasha Apartment bombings faru a kan Kashira hanya, da gidan, a cikinsa akwai wani furniture store, aka hallaka, kuma kusan duk sufurin wanda ya kasance a cikinta a lokacin (124 mutane) sun mutu. Kawai mutane 7 suka jikkata sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na tsanani. fashewa ikon a wannan lokaci shi 300 kg (darajar nuna a TNT).

Boris Yeltsin, wanda shi ne a wancan lokacin shugaban Rasha, gaggawa kirã su zuwa ga Moscow Magajin Yuri Luzhkov da kuma umurnin da ya gudanar da wani cikakken scan na gidaje a ko'ina cikin birnin, a lokacin rana. Bayan da aikata na biyu fashewa leken aka dauka cikakken unprecedented matakan tsaro ba ne kawai a cikin birnin amma kuma wasu birane na Rasha da kuma kasashen na kusa da kasashen waje. A musamman, shi da aka za'ayi cikakken rajistan shiga na daban-daban cellars da attics, da kuma da yawa mazauna Apartment gidaje ga 'yan watanni tsunduma a maras wata-wata zagaye agogon patrolling su unguwannin.

A farko sakamakon bincike

Satumba 13 ma'abũcin dukiya kamfanin, ga identikit Laypanova koya abokin ciniki suka yanke shawarar su cire su domin ajiya sarari. Ginin da aka takalman fita a Borisov Prudy, 14, inda aka takalman ginshiki, don haka da cewa kasuwa kokarin maza maza don sanar da FSB. Daga bisani, mafi gaggawa dubawa na ginin da aka za'ayi da jami'an tsaro. Saboda iya samun 50 bags cika da bama-bamai, a total nauyi na 2.5 tons. 6 a kan bags kaddara saita lokaci da aka kafa. Daga bisani, an gano cewa, a gaskiya Mukhit Laipanov mutu a watan Fabrairu 1999, yayin da take na rayayye yi amfani da takardun Achemez Gochijaev.

Shamil Basayev nan da nan ƙaryata abin da ya na da wani daga cikin sacrament zuwa gudana ayyukan ta'addanci, yayin da wasu shugaban na Mujahideen mai suna Khattab ya ce cewa daga wannan lokacin a, yana ya i ba kawai a kan Rasha sojojin, amma kuma a cikin manufa ga duk mutane na kasar. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne gaskiya cewa shugaban na Islama m kungiyar "proponents Sharia" da sunan Abu Hamza al-Masri, Satumba 14 yanke shawarar aika zuwa ga Editorial ofishin na jaridar "Al-Hayat" wani jami'in bayani cewa ya da cikakken goyon bayan da Rasha Apartment hare-hare. Shi ya faru Satumba 13, 1999 da kuma Satumba 4 manyan ayyukan ta'addanci wanda, ya ce, suna "wani Musulunci wuri na Rasha saboda su sojoji kora a farar hula, yawan da suke zaune a karkarar Dagestan da kuma Chechnya. Rasha tsunduma a irin wannan laifi siyasa a tsawon shekaru, yayin da sauran kasashen duniya ne kawai a makafi ido ga duk humiliations na Musulmi. " Waɗannan su ne zantuttukan da Abu Hamza al-Masri.

A fashewa a Volgodonsk

Game da tara-ayi Oktyabrskoe Babbar Hanya 35, Satumba 16, akwai wani fashewa da Gaz-53 truck. Bayan harin duk daidai tuna da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, a cikin abin da shekara akwai fashewar na Apartment gidaje a Rasha, ko da yake ya ba haka manyan-sikelin da harin ta'addanci, kamar baya wadanda. Daga baya bincike na blockages mutane 18 da aka samu matattu, kuma ma daya more mutum guda ya mutu a asibiti. 89 mutane da aka kwantar da raunin yana mai sãɓãnin mai tsanani.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mai shi daga cikin mota ya Abbaskuli Iskanda oglu Iskenderov, wanda tuka motar zuwa wurin da fashewa. A cewar shi, da uku Caucasians sayi mota, ɗora Kwatancen da shi wai dankali da kuma tambaye ta fitar zuwa wannan wuri, da kuma kawai wani mu'ujiza ya tsira, ya tafi gida don samun dumi, kuma kada ku kasance a kan wajibi a can da dare.

gudanar da bincike binciken

A daidai da sakamakon bincike shi aka ƙaddara cewa, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da Apartment hare-hare a Rasha ya faru a 1999 a request daga wani ba bisa doka ba m kungiyar shugabannin kira musulunci Institute "Caucasus". Sun kasance Aruba da Emir Umar al-Khattab. The asali manufar da kai hare-hare - tabbatar da m asarar rayuwa, domin cimma wani take hakkin jama'a tsaro, kazalika da tursasawa na yawan jama'a.

Babban karfi ra'ayoyi na mayakan da suka kai hari Dagestan, akwai daban-daban sojojin haya da kuma mayakan daga sauran kasashe, dukansu sun kasance mambobi na "Islamic International Brigade", wanda yana da wani kai tsaye, dangane da "Al-Qaeda". Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Apartment hare-hare a cikin watan Satumba (1999) a Rasha aka mulki kai tsaye daga Khattab sansanin horo, wanda aka located in Chechnya. A wannan yanayin, da gudanar da bincike ya gano cewa Khattab ya a kusa da hadin gwiwa da sanannun zuwa kwanan 'yan ta'adda Osama bin Laden, wanda, a Bugu da kari, ya hura tashi ginin Amurka ofisoshin jakadancin a Tanzania da kuma Kenya, a 1998, da kuma sanya wani harin ta'addanci a kan "Twin Towers "wanda ya faru a 2001 a kan 11 Satumba.

artists

Domin gudanar da duk ayyukan ta'addanci, Abu Umar al-Khattab, kuma amfani da sabis na "Musulmi al'umma №3». Daya shugaban ya Achimez Gochijaev wanda ya shirya kuma ya jagoranci commando kungiyar. Ya kamata a lura cewa har 1997 Gochijaev daukan quite wani cin nasara kasuwanci a Moscow, amma a shekarar 1997 shi kwashe ideas na Wahhabism. Saboda wannan, ya koma ƙasarsa Karachaevsk, sa'an nan ya fara da za a horar da a wani musamman sansanin Khattab ya kira "Caucasus". A yanke shawara cewa jagoranci aiki kamata shi Gochijaev aka karɓa a kan filaye da cewa ya na da kyau sosai yãƙi basira, kuma a lokaci guda ya san da yankin Moscow.

A lokacin shekarar 2011 da m mafiya yawa daga cikin 'yan ta'adda da aka kashe ko aka kama. Don kwanan wata, kawai Achemez Gochijaev aka iske ba, kuma shi ne a cikin tarayya, kuma na kasa da kasa so jerin.

Special Kovalev Hukumar

A cikin shirin, wanda aka kudi da Boris Berezovsky (a wancan lokacin wani memba na jam'iyyar "Liberal Rasha"), aka kafa musamman kwamitin, wanda babban makasudin da aka mai cikakken bincike a cikin hare-haren ta'addanci da ya faru a Volgodonsk da kuma Moscow a shekarar 1999. A Jihar Duma mataimakin Sergei Kovalev aka zaba a matsayin shugaban hukumar.

A cikin shakka daga daya daga cikin zaman da na hukumar na FSB hulda da jama'a na cibiyar da aka sanya wata sanarwa game da gaskiyar cewa da tsaro sabis ba za su shiga cikin kiran kasuwa dubious haruffa da kuma shiga da su a cikin wani shawara.

A shekarar 2003, hakkin yan Adam Lev Levinson, wanda shi ne sakataren hukumar Kovalev ce cewa a gaskiya da version na hannu na FSB da gaskiyar cewa akwai fashewar na Apartment gidaje a Rasha (1999, photo - sama), shi ne ma fi dubious fiye da version gaban da ake kira "Chechnya alama" a cikin bayyana abubuwan da suka faru. Ya lura da cewa, mafi yawan jama'ar karshe Litvinenko Felshtinsky-tushen kawai a kan sirri da zaton mu, da a wani lokaci sosai da yardar kaina.

Levinson ce cewa Hukumar farko da babu dalili a gudanar da m bincike, kamar yadda riga shi nan da nan a fili yake cewa ba za ta iya ba da damar yin amfani da zama dole kayan da laifi hali, da kuma tsunduma a cikin zaman kansa da bincike ba a karkashin karfi, kuma a cikin wannan sanya bã su hankalta.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai babban adadin na yau da kullum shawarwari kan yadda a kan wanda himma ne wani fashewa da zama gine-gine a watan Satumba 1999 a Rasha, amma a mafi yawan lokuta shi ne hukuma version yana da mafi dalilin da za a dauke aiki. Haka kuma an rayayye da hannu a cikin wannan batu, Boris Berezovsky, amma dukan ayyukansa, bisa ga ɗumbin mafiya yawan masana, ya fi mayar da hankali a kan nuna bambanci ga Putin da kuma ya jagoranci matsayin dukan.