Rami karkashin Amur Khabarovsk

Amur River Rami, wanda yana da wani photo a cikin wannan labarin - Khabarovsk m soja da kuma na farar yi. Its halaye ne na musamman. A rami - kadai irin karkashin ruwa abu a kan ƙasa na Rasha. Dabarun yi ƙarfi, kuma ba a yi kokari. Kuma da rami da ake amfani a wannan zamanin na zaman lafiya dalilai.

prehistory

Plans domin gina da Railway kai wuraren bayyana a cikin farkon karni na ashirin. A rami da za a gina a karkashin Cupid. A shekarar 1906, ma'aunai da kuma nazarin da aka gudanar. Bisa ga wadannan karatu akwai wasu karkashin ruwa rami ayyukan, da kuma gada kan kogin.

Tsinkaya zane da aka gabatar a nuni da Amur a Khabarovsk Abuja. A taron da aka sadaukar da ranar tunawa ranar da Romanovs - da tercentenary. A cikin aikin zane wanda aka nuna wani jirgin hanyar aikata karkashin ruwa. Amma da shiri na aikin juya fitar da za a zaba a gada a fadin Amur River a matsayin mafi dacewa.

kassa wuraren

A 1930. a cikin Far East fara babbar yi. Wannan ya kai ga wani karuwa a kwarara daga kaya TRANSSIB. Railway, wanda aka gina a 19-20 ƙarni., Ake bukata wani tsawo. Kuma a watan Afrilu 1920 gada Al'arshinSa aka nike tashi da, ku masõyansa for intercepting da Japan hanya. Trans-Siberian Railway ya kasance karye shekaru biyar. Far East aka yanke daga Siberia da kuma Rasha. A Railway layi wuce ta Manchuria.

Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar gina wani rami a karkashin Amur River a matsayin gada da aka sosai m saboda soja barazana daga Japan. A nan gaba na karkashin ruwa yi nan da nan aka classified kuma samu No. 4 Mutane ta Commissariat. Saboda haka, wannan batu ya dade da aka sani.

Shiri for yi

Kafin gina wani undersea rami a Khabarovsk bar spetsekspeditsiya daga "Soyuztransproekta". A jerin masu bincike a hada masana "Metroproekta" da kuma Soja Academy suna bayan Kuibyshev. da shiri na yankin ƙasar ya fara cibiyar sadarwa na geodetic maki. Wannan alama na karfe a kankare monoliths.

Works yi uku m brigades. Idan daya daga cikinsu akwai sabawa daga cikin shirin, da gyare-gyare suna sanya, duk uku ƙare surveyors. Sa'an nan da wadannan masana - surveyors, aiki a kan surface. Kuma da karkashin ruwa rami axis aka dage farawa, daura brands.

Duk aikin da aka za'ayi hanzari - a kawai watanni biyar. A lokacin da tallafi na hanya yayi nazari 9 bambance-bambancen karatu. Tsunduma a cikin zane da kuma Academician Vedeneev Institute "Metroproekt". A karshe amince version, shan la'akari da anti-aircraft defenses. A yi da za a gina rabin kilomita daga gada. Railway rami a karkashin Amur karshe an amince a Khabarovsk a watan Maris na shekara ta 1938

Fara gina wani asiri da makaman

A cewar gwamnatin doka, da gina m wuraren fara a 1937, an kira shi "abu yawan 4". Duk da yake sau da yawa ya fara aiki ba tare da general kasafin kudin da kuma ci gaban TEHPROEKT. Kuma da gina rami ya ba togiya. Fasaha aikin da wani janar kimanta aka aika zuwa shafin baya - a watan Mayu 1939 domin gina wani undersea rami ya kamata a ciyar da 294.5 miliyan rubles. A yi da aka shirya za a samu izini a karshen 1939

Wanda aka tsunduma a yi?

A 1937 ya fara ta murhu. Yana yi da goma sha biyar daban-daban gini kamfanoni. Suna da hannu a cikin aikin da soja injiniya raka'a. Amur River Rami da aka gina a karkashin jagorancin jama'ar kasar Commissar layukan dogo na Tarayyar Soviet L. M. Kaganovicha. Alhakin da abu yawan 4 da aka nada NA Ermolaev. Ya kuma zama babban injiniya. Yermolaev dubawa duk aikin gine-gine har su kammala.

Shigarwa na ƙasa da wuraren da aikin da hannu a cikin kufai a karkara jirgin sojojin. Domin gina wani rami a kan batun da aka seconded Metrostroi 900 ma'aikata da babban profile sana'a. Cif kwararru aka nada I. D. Gotsiridze. Ya taimaka a gina rami farar hula mazauna. A wani aiki na kurkuku aiki. A cikin duka, ya halarci a cikin halittar wani rami 5.500 mutane a shekara.

Kututturan da GASKET babban axis

Kafin mu fara gina layin dogo rami a karkashin kogin Amur, na farko hudu shafts aka dage farawa. Su saukar a cikin ƙasa samar allon - da zane matakin. Kowane shinge ne a mayar da hankali uku surveying teams. Suka yi rufi da babban axis na karkashin ruwa Tsarin, mayar da hankali a kan zane batu.

Features na yi na shigar azzakari cikin farji

Shigar azzakari cikin farji ya hadaddun, bukata a high ainihin. A karkashin ruwa rami ba a jere daga banki zuwa banki, a wani madaidaiciya line kuma a kwana, da hadaddun ko tsaye. Axis ba zai iya zama iri ɗaya ba fiye da biyar santimita. Greater sabawa daga na kullum ba a yarda. Kuma godiya ga santsi da kuma m aiki na masana, an karkashin ruwa rami a karkashin Amur da sboyka ba fiye da goma sha biyar millimeters.

murhu yi aka wuya da cewa a wasu wurare cikin rami aka mugun flooded. Amma, duk da wannan, da kudi na elongation daga cikin ramukan ne daidai da kusan mita biyar a kullum. Ga waɗanda sau, wadannan rates sun kasance unprecedented ga dukan duniya. A wannan rami da aka sanya da ba-mechanized garkuwoyi. A lokacin yi waje da shi da aka dage farawa daga kimanin miliyan 1.5 cubic mita gona da kuma pumped 137,6 dubu cubic mita kankare.

Canza lokaci na yi

A cikin watan Yuni 1941, taron da rami da aka kammala. A waɗannan kwanaki kafin kammala ayyukan da ake bukata domin akalla wata shida. Amma a kan batun samu wani sakon waya daga Jihar Tsaro kwamitin da kuma sanya hannu da Stalin. Sakon dauke da wani domin bari jirgin kasa ta cikin karkashin ruwa rami a cikin guntu yiwu lokaci. Ayyukan da aka kara da iyaka. A karshe Scaffolding dismantled, kazalika da wucin gadi damar hanya. A ballast aiki otsypali 8,000 cubic mita juji. Kuma babban hanyar da aka shirya. A rami a karkashin Amur a Khabarovsk ya shirye su tafi.

Da bude daga cikin rami aiki

Stalin lokacin da aka alama musamman, bayan gina wanda ya shiga cikin aiki - 20/06/1941, da magina da su ya ce ta hanyar wani karkashin ruwa rami, da kwanan tafi kashi na farko, a cikin abin da akwai ma'aikatan da shugabannina. Train direban gudu V. Vozheyko.

25/04/1942 The Hukumar na gwamnatin ya dauki ɓullõ a cikin aiki akai-akai. A wannan yanayin, da sufetocin kiyasta ginin a kan mai kyau, da kuma aikin surveyors - kyau kwarai. A tsawon rami a karkashin Amur ya 7198 mita. Ga al'ada aiki, shi aka sanye take da wani dumama, samun iska da kuma lighting tsarin. A bayyane yake cewa kafa famfo ruwa shãmaki, kuma sanar da ƙararrawa.

A wajen gabas fuskarsa, akwai uku wanda aka sanya bude hanya a yankin na 1350 m, a tsawon. A ciki diamita na karkashin ruwa na rami ne 7400 mm. Gabashin ɓangare na tsarin da aka located a cikin Khabarovsk West - a kusa da tashar post-Pokrovskiy.

By lokacin da rami da aka gina a matakin mafi m soja fasahar. A yi wani babban gefe na aminci. Yana yana 7 kwandishan vents. Daya an located a tsibirin, da kuma sauran - a kan duka bankuna na Amur River. Saboda haka, rami zauna shekaru da dama. Kuma shi ne a cikin aiki ya zuwa yanzu.

The Great Patriotic War

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu duk entrances kuma fuskanci ga karkashin ruwa rami a hankali kulle. Don wannan karshen da aka kafa, ban da wuraren binciken ababen hawa, da kuma anti-aircraft batura. Daya daga cikinsu shi a kan bankunan na Mad ducts. Fighter Lelikov baturi daga baya ya shaida cewa shi ne daga mukaminshi da sako game da unknown jirgin, wanda aka je ga gada. Busa ƙararrawa, anti-jirgin sama baturi aka tuhuma da nan da nan da harsasai.

Bayan wani gajeren lokaci da jirgin saman zo a cikin view. Zai yiwu ya aka neman entrances zuwa rami a karkashin Amur. Da farko jirgin sama sa ido ta hanyar kallo. Amma iska inji kafin shi kai samuwa wuta "flak" Iyakar kauce Manchukuo. Fama makami ya sallame su. Saboda haka, anti-aircraft bindigogi na nan har yanzu daya Salvo aka sanya.

Subsea rami a lokacin yaki shekaru

Daga shekarar 1944 zuwa shekarar 1945, yafi hawa ta cikin rami kaya qaddara domin yaki da Japan. Sai karkashin ruwa Railway aka maida shi musamman domin nassi na soja raka'a da kuma iri daban-daban na sufuri. Lokacin da yãƙi ya ƙare, da rami da aka adana a matsayin sirrin makaman. Railway rami a karkashin Amur aka tsare da sojoji masu makamai da karnuka.

Da yin amfani da rami bayan da yaki

Tun daga shekarar 1960, U-dogo da aka yi amfani da ga harkokin sufuri na daban-daban kaya, da kara yawan damar Amur gada. Tun da rami yana daya kawai hanya, da motsi aka directed a daya shugabanci kawai - zuwa yamma. A shekara ta 1980, aka kammala da wutar lantarki na Railway layi na Far Eastern Khabarovsk-Bireh. Bayan nan, karfe da fasinja jiragen kasa tafiya ta cikin rami, a Vol. H. Kuma kewayen birni.

Rami, a wannan zamanin

A wannan zamanin da jirgin rami a karkashin Amur bukatar fi gyare-gyare. A yi an yi amfani da baje for shekaru hamsin. A rami ne na musamman da abu cewa kana so ka ajiye. A lokacin ginin ya mafi tsawo karkashin ruwa Railways a dukan duniya.

Duk da cewa da rami manyan gyare-gyare da ake bukata, da abu ya rage as lafiya ne kuma abin dogara kamar dā. Railway zirga-zirga da aka yi lami lafiya. Kuma kananan lahani kada ku halattar da mutunci da rami. A shekara ta 2009, da maimaitawa na Amur gada da aka gudanar. Tun daga nan, ya na da hanyoyi biyu.

Amur River Rami a lokaci mai tsawo aiki ya fara durkushe. A wurare da dama, akwai wani karamin zuba. nawa shaft fara rot. A cikin rami da ya tattara mafi tarkace da kuma ballast. Yana bukatar canza wuraren size. Kuma yanzu magina da tsare-tsaren - don gyaran musamman karkashin ruwa rami. Saboda haka, sake raya ayyukan da ake riga da ake shirya. Da babban gyara zai faru nan da nan, wanda zai gyara halin da ake ciki.