Prirazlomnoe mai filin a cikin Pechora Sea

A duniya akwai mutane da yawa ba unexplored yankuna. Daya daga cikin wadannan wurare - Arctic. Nazarin Arctic fara tun tsakiyar zamanai. A ci gaba da yankin ya ci gaba da wannan rana. Fiye da 2/3 na duniya Arctic teku da kuma man gas filayen dake a cikin Rasha shiryayye zone. Babu togiya da Prirazlomnoye mai filin a cikin Pechora Sea.

Tarihi na aikin

Prirazlomnoe filin geologists gano a 1989. The canji na siyasa gwamnatin da kuma hana ci gaban default ajiya.

Kawai, a 1993, a na biyu na "Gazprom" - "ROSSHELF" - fara tafiyar da aiki cin Prirazlomnoe. Sashen bincike na uku rijiyoyin da aka samar har 1994. Tuni a shekarar 1996, kamfanin ya shirya da tattalin arziki da fasaha yiwuwa. A 1997, shi amince da wani shirin gina wani tsayayyen dandali.

A 1998, lokacin da dandali zane sun kasance a cikin aiki mataki, bayar da umarnin rike aikin saboda da tattalin arziki tsoho. Bayan shekaru 5, da aikin da aka gyara, da kuma yana da wani sabon na biyu kamfanin "Gazprom" - "Sevmorneftegas" - don ci gaba yi. dandali shigarwa deadlines na dogon lokaci dakatarda. A rukunin farko na yi aka kammala kawai a karshen 2010. Kuma kawai a karshen 2013th ta fara zama fara aiki.

dandali Features

A yankin inda da Prirazlomnoe filin - Nefteyugansk gundumar na Nenets cin gashin kanta District. A dandamali da nisan kilomita 60 daga babban yankin.

Ga ci gaban da filin a cikin teku da aka kafa musamman tsara dandali da za su iya aiki a low yanayin zafi, kankara, da tsananin iska da kuma teku igiyar ruwa. A zurfin at wanda mai samar da ne da za'ayi - 20 m. A dandamali ne kulla wa ƙasa da teku na ballast. A total nauyi na da shi, ciki har da ballast, shi ne 500,000 tons. A cikin wannan shirin da dandali rawar soja 36 rijiyoyin domin tabbatar da cewa shekara-shekara mai samar da ton miliyan 6.5.

filin matsayi

Prirazlomnoe oilfield gaske musamman, tun aiki a kan hakar "black zinariya" suna da za'ayi a kan shi daga dandamali, ko a hunturu. Duk da haka, da tsari na jihar rajista na yi na Rasha dokokin da ya ba tukuna aka ɓullo.

Bisa ga dokar tarayya №187, dandali - wani wucin gadi yi na nahiyar shiryayye daga cikin Rasha Federation a yankin. Kararrakin Kotun Moscow District a 2009 yanke shawarar gane da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa gyarawa Tsarin. Har ila yau a shekarar 2012 "Prirazlomnaja" rajista a matsayin teku-faruwa jirgin ruwa a cikin Register na Ships na Rasha da kuma dangana ga tashar jiragen ruwa na Naryan-Mar.

management kamfanonin

Prirazlomnoe oilfield fara rayayye ci gaba tun 1992. Shi ne na musamman da sha'anin "ROSSHELF" An halicci wannan shekara. A yarjejeniyar da aka hada game da 20 daban-daban kamfanoni, wasu daga cikinsu tsunduma a bincike na Shtokman filin. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1993, JSC "ROSSHELF" samu wani lasisi don gudanar da ayyukan bincike, ma'adinai da kuma hakkin na arzikin man fetur.

Tun 2001, kamfanin "Gazprom" da "Rosneft" sai suka fara samar da man fetur da kuma iskar gas pool na Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District, ciki har da Prirazlomnoe filin. "Yuganskneftegaz" - mai na biyu na "Rosneft" - iko da yin famfo tashar dandali tun shekarar 2006. A shekara ta 2002, kamfanin "Sevmorneftegas" samu wani lasisi don amfani da man fetur da adibas Prirazlomnoe. A shekara ta 2009, "Rosneft" sayar "Gazprom" duk mataki "Sermorneftegaza" da kuma kamfanin da aka mai suna "Gazpromneftshelf". Tun 2014 da ta zama na biyu na "Gazprom Neft".

Features ajiya da kuma harkokin sufuri na man fetur

Tankuna na man da ake located a kasa na dandali - a cikin caisson. albarkatun kasa ajiya fasahar da shi da ake kira "rigar" saboda la'akari da cikar man tank an aje kyau ta cika da ruwa. Mai shiga tank via wani inji - da diffuser. Lokacin cika tanki ruwa da aka tilasta cikin ballast tsarin, wanda gudanar da kara tsaftacewa. The ruwa ne sai ya yi amfani da su pressurize man kududdufai.

Ga kaya na man fetur a tafki mai cike daga matsa ruwa ajiya. Mai ne pumped daga surface cikin shipping ganga tsarin. Kamar yadda famfo ballast ruwa ya cika tanki.

Transport ne da za'ayi ta hanyar jigila motocin dakon cewa an moored ga maras lamba dandali.

Matakan kare muhalli, da kuma matsalolin muhalli

Prirazlomnoe ajiya aka located kusa da wani yawan musamman kare yankunan. Saboda haka, da muhalli bangare na man fetur kamar yadda ko da yaushe dacewa.

Duk da cewa aikin ya jerin Nazarin, muhalli da lalacewar da aka har yanzu amfani. Don rage girman da shi da za'ayi a yawan ayyuka:

• a kan ruwa ci bututu shigar da na'urorin, wanda damar zuwa 80% rage a cikin mutuwa na marine dabbobi.
• Tocilan dare aiki an rage kamar yadda zai yiwu a kauce wa collisions tare da tsuntsãye tashi da dandamali.

Babu wani daga cikin man fetur filin ba rigakafi daga albarkatun kasa spills a duniya. Prirazlomnoe filin da aka da ake ci gaba shekara-zagaye, ko a lokacin da na iyakacin duniya dare. Mai zube shafe da sauri a cikin Arctic yankin ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba - na shi ke ta da kankara. Kayan aiki don malalar martani ne kusan 1,000 kilomita daga "Prirazlomnaya" a Murmansk. Shari shi ga wurin hatsari da wuya yanayin yanayi.

Prirazlomnoe filin ne a high-tech hadaddun, wanda ya ƙunshi mafi m hanyoyin hakowa, samarwa, sufuri na man fetur. Its ci gaban yana da muhimmanci musamman ga Rasha tattalin arzikin.