Popliteal jijiya: Anatomy da kuma topography. Pathology na popliteal jijiya

Popliteal jijiya - a wajen manyan jirgin ruwa, kai tsaye ci gaba da saukar da femoral jijiya. Yana da yake a cikin abun da ke ciki na neurovascular cuta, tare da homonymous jijiya da kuma tibial jijiya. A baya, wani ɓangare na popliteal fossa, Vienna ta'allaka kusa da surface fiye da jijiya. kuma tibial jijiya - mafi surfactant fiye da jini.

Location da topography

Da farko, a ƙananan budewa manyan tashar, ana located karkashin polumembrannoy beraye popliteal jijiya m kasa na farko da popliteal fossa na femur (cinya kai tsaye zuwa surface), da kuma kara - to gwiwa kwantena harsashi.

Lower jijiya sashen lambobi da cinya tsoka. Yana ratsa cikin kunkuntar sarari tsakanin cikunna daga cikin gastrocnemius tsoka, wanda rufe shi. Kuma da ya zo gefen soleus tsoka, da jirgin ruwa da aka raba gaba da raya tibial jijiya.

Shugabanci na popliteal jijiya zuwa ta kan ni:
• A sama na popliteal fossa jirgin ruwa yana da wani shugabanci zuwa ƙasa ka kuma waje.
• Tun da tsakiyar matakin na popliteal fossa, popliteal jijiya ne directed ma tsaye zuwa ƙasa.

Da rassan da popliteal jijiya

A kan hanyar saukar popliteal jijiya ba a yawan rassan:
• A babba murdede rassan.
• A babba a kaikaice gwiwa jijiya.
• A babba tsakiya gwiwa jijiya.
• A talakawan gwiwa jijiya.
• ƙananan a kaikaice gwiwa jijiya.
• Lower tsakiya gwiwa jijiya.
• Maraƙin arteries (biyu, da wuya - mafi).

Popliteal jijiya aneurysm

A cewar likita statistics, wannan shi ne mafi m sarrafawa na aneurysms a cikin periphery: game da 70% na gefe aneurysms ake sarrafa a cikin popliteal yankin. Babban dalilin da cutar a jihar da aka dauke su atherosclerosis, tun da shi ne ya kafa a matsayin etiological factor a cikin mafi yawan marasa lafiya da popliteal jijiya aneurysm.
Popliteal jijiya aneurysm tasowa kusan la'akari da shekaru. nufin shekaru kusan shekaru 60, da kuma yaduwar shekaru daban-daban - daga 40 zuwa 90 da shekaru. Bangarorin rauni, yana rubuce a 50% na lokuta.
Muhimmanci fiye da sau da yawa wannan cuta rinjayar maza.
The asibiti hoto aka mamaye bayyanar cututtuka na ischemic raunuka na distal ƙwarai. za a iya kara da matsawa na jijiya cututtuka da kuma jijiya (tare da matsawa na aneurysm).
rikitarwa:
• thrombosis na aneurysm (aneurysmal kogo);
• aneurysm katsewa.
• calcification na aneurysm.
• matsawa na jijiya.
Don gane asali tambaya:
• Angiography.
• CT.
Domin lura da mafi akai-akai yi ligation na popliteal jijiya a kan ko dai gefen aneurysm (proximal da distal ta), biye da kewaye tiyata.

Popliteal jijiya thrombosis

Predisposing factor ga samuwar clots a cikin jijiyoyi da aka ci ciki surface na tasoshin, wanda ya haddasa wadannan dalilai iya zama:
• atherosclerotic adibas a cikin ganuwar jini.
• hauhawar jini.
• ciwon sukari.
• rauni na jijiyoyin bugun gini bango.
• vasculitis.

asibiti manifestations

Thrombosis na popliteal jijiya da aka nuna ta da wadannan siffofin:
• Mai tsananin zafi a wani reshe da ya bayyana gunaguni ƙwarai. Marasa lafiya sau da yawa kwatanta ta bayyanar da wani kara. A nan gaba, da zafi iya daukar paroxysmal a yanayi. da kuma wani twinge take kaiwa zuwa bayyanar gumi a kan fata. Wasu easing na zafi ba tare da wani haƙiƙa nufin inganta haƙuri da yanayin kan lokaci.
• blanching na fata na shafa reshe.
• Rage yawan zafin jiki na fata na shafa reshe.
• Bayyanar da kafar thickening. wurinta daidai da wuri na thrombus matakin.
• Rage, kuma daga baya - bacewar na ji na ƙwarai a kan ƙafa. bayyanar paresthesias.
• iyakance motsi na shafa reshe. Daga bisani motsi za a iya rasa gaba daya.
Yawanci, cututtuka ci gaba sannu a hankali, suka fara da bayyanar zafi.
A rashin isassun matakan zai iya ci gaba da wani wahala a cikin nau'i na gangrene. Wannan jiha ne halin da bambanci a fili tsakanin al'ada da kuma necrotic nama. Daga bisani necrotizing rabo mummified.
Mummunan-yanayin labari - shi kamu necrotic yankin. Wannan yanayin da aka yi fama da samun saurin bunkasuwar hyperthermia, alama leukocytosis a cikin jini da kuma gaban ulcerative rarrabuwa.