Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich: biography, kabila, kimiyya aiki

Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich aka haife shi a Moscow a kan Afrilu 25, 1950. Wannan Academician aka fi sani a matsayin wani shahararren tarihi da kuma kimiyyar siyasa.

biography

Yuri Pivovarov (ta kasa Rasha) aka ilimi a Moscow Jihar Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University) ya kammala digirinsa a shekara ta 1972. A shekarar 1981, ya zama dan takarar tarihi kimiyyar. The matasa gwani kare rubutun a kan batun zamantakewa da siyasa da kungiyoyin aiki a Jamus. A 1995, Pivovarov Yury - shi ne likita na siyasa kimiyyar.

Tare da shekaru 25 na aikin koyarwa a INION - Cibiyar Scientific Bayani a kan Social Sciences. Pivovarov ya darektan da ma'aikata a cikin 1998 - 2015 biennium. A lokaci guda ya kasance shugaban kimiyyar siyasa sashen da jurisprudential INION. Tarihi, lecturer a Rasha Jihar jin University da kuma Moscow Jami'ar Jihar.

Matsayi da alƙawura

A 2001, Pivovarov Yury ya zama shugaban RPMA - Rasha Association of Kimiyyar Siyasa. Shi ne kuma na tsawon shekaru shida da aka shugaban gwani majalisa na Higher tabbatarwa Hukumar na Rasha Federation ma'aikatar ilimi. A MSU tarihi kulawa kujera Comparative Siyasa, wani ɓangare na Kimiyyar Siyasa Department. Ya na da ba kawai da gwaninta na malami, amma kuma tasiri iko.

A 2010 - 2012 shekaru. Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich ya memba na hukumar, su fahimci tarihi gurbata detrimental zuwa Rasha bukatun. Ya kuma collaborates da yawa mujallar kimiyya ( "Bulletin archivist", "Siyasa Nazarin", "da ilimin falsafa sciences").

Wuta a INION

A cikin dare na Janairu 31, 2015 a library INION akwai mai tsanani wuta, wanda ya hallaka ba kawai da ginin, amma kuma wani gagarumin ɓangare na musamman littafin tarin da library. Shugaban Cibiyar a lokacin da aka Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. Biography of masana kimiyya da kuma shugaban bincike da kungiyoyi da cibiyoyin matsayin dukan shi ne kama da biography daga cikin abokan aiki, amma episode na wuta da aka musamman m ga shi.

A sakamakon wata wuta kashe fiye da miliyan 5 littattafai. Asarar zambar game da 20% na library asusu, dauke da zuciya na kasar agaji tunani. Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Academy of Sciences sõraye kira da wuta a INION "nuclear na Rasha kimiyya." Saboda abin da ya faru, Yuri Pivovarov aka cire daga jagorancin Cibiyar. A watan Afrilu 2015, da barin shugaban kasa, ya aka nada kimiyya darektan INION.

bazawa

Tun suna yara, Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich, wanda iyayensa ya taimaka wa kansa riba a cikin kimiyya, sha'awar kimiyyar siyasa da kuma tarihi. A matsayin sana'a masanin kimiyya ne shi, a cikin aikinsa a Bugu da kari ga wadannan batutuwa ma ta da al'amurran da suka shafi na Rasha statehood da kuma hanya agaji ilmi. Pivovarov Yury rubuta fiye da 500 kimiyya takardunku. Wadannan sun hada da 8 na lissafi na monographs. A mahimmin juzu'in da m kimiyyar siyasa kishin Rasha da kuma Jamus.

Har ila yau, mafi yawan bincike Pivovarova tana nufin karni na ashirin a tarihin kasar. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa akwai wani real anthropological bala'i a Rasha a wannan lokaci. Kashe babbar lambobin mutane. Juyin, da yaƙe-yaƙe, da yunwa - duk kokarin fahimtar da takaita a cikin aikin na masana kimiyya. Ban tsoro Soviet tsõro ya gan mafi m, a cikin tarihin dan Adam akan daidai da tsõro daga Khmer Rouge a Cambodia.

Kimiyya style of marubucin

Rasha da tunani da kuma al'adu - biyu key tarbiyya, wanda aka tsunduma a Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. "Married" a kan ka'idojin da methodological al'amurran da suka shafi, shi ne kadan shãfe ƙayyadaddu. Marubucin bi Faransa tarihi Fernand Braudel kira facts "kura."

A tambayoyi da kuma kokarin amsa su, da Brewers nufin da m al'adunmu na Rasha gabascin, barata wannan da cewa wani kasa shawara ne a hanyar kai-da ilmi da kuma na gama kwarewa. The masanin kimiyya lura da cewa, West ne halin da hankali ga epistemology da hanya, da kuma a Rasha - to historiosophical batutuwa (batutuwa tarihi falsafa).

Rasha tunani

A mahimmin juzu'in da kimiyya da ayyukan Yuriya Pivovarova alaka da nazarin zamantakewa al'adunmu na Rasha Thinkers na XX karni. A cikin nineties bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet da kuma kau da akida taboos sami zarafin su mayar da ilimi, halin kirki da kuma na ado juyin na Rasha al'adu. Wannan kuma fara Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. Family masanin kimiyyar ya jinjinawa daga Moscow, da kuma a zamanin Tarayyar Soviet shi ya fi sauƙi ga samun wani kai-a buga edition. Yanzu, duk da haka, da yawa manta ayyukan gada daga musamman taskõkĩnsa kuma ya bayyana a gaban wani mataki mai ikon yinsa ga aiki.

Ba da da ewa Yuri Pivovarov ce cewa bayyanar wata babbar jiki na adabi da wani tasiri a kan al'umma. Wannan batun da aka sadaukar domin aikin masanin kimiyya "Rasha ra'ayin". Marubucin ya kuma kira shi "kwarewa na wani m hanya". Brewers ciyar da yanayin binciken na al'adunmu na gabascin kamar Boris Paramonov, Boris Groys, da sauransu. D. Masana kimiyya sun gano dama key matsaloli na Rasha tunani. Da farko - son zama asali Rasha falsafa, ta amfani da kayayyakin aikin da ci gaba a cikin kasashen yamma. Ƙaddamarwa da ba daidai ba da bukatun ga Rasha gabascin - wani muhimmanci paradox cewa, ya nuna Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich (photo masanin kimiyya gabatar a cikin labarin). Photographically, ya ce da key sabani da ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a na XX karni.

Jihar yanayi nazari

Rasha tunani Yuri Pivovarov ci gaba da nasaba da Rasha hukumomi. A cikin shafukan da na kimiyya ayyukan ƙwarai, ya yi jãyayya ya tabbatar da cewa wadannan biyu mamaki ƙissanta kama fasali. Wannan yanayin musamman da ya kai ga cewa kasar mu da kullum da aka bambanta daga yammacin kasashen Turai. marubucin ya tashe a cikin "Rasha iko da tarihi iri tunanin" wannan matsala.

A duk manyan harsuna a Turai, da kalmar "Jihar" na nufin kamar abu guda: «jihar», «Staat», «stati», da dai sauransu, har ya bayyana gwada da kwanan nan - hudu ƙarni ago ... Haka ya faru bayan da Turai canji. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wani «tsarin mulki jihar», a cikin abin da zabi na addini ya zama mai zaman kansa al'amari na kowane mutum. Kamar wancan ne aka haife kafuwar Turai dimokuradiyya. Sashe da kuma addini da aka janye bayan da zamantakewa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa babban batu a yammacin tsarin mulkin kasa ne a ɗan ƙasa, da jama'a da kuma al'umma.

Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich biography, kabila, da wanda aiki da aka kullum nasaba da Rasha, ya iya kirkiro da asali inconsistencies na Rasha jihar sama da Turai ka'idojin. Yana bai faru ba rabuwa da Concepts daga mulki, kuma dukiya. A Rasha da kuma a cikin XIX da XX ƙarni, da ikon hade da ikon mallakar dukan ƙasar da ta mutane. Daga wannan ya haifar da key bala'i na kasa tarihi da kuma sarauta despotism kuma Soviet totalitarianism. Wannan ne key sabawa rubuce-rubucensu na kimiyya takardunku Pivovarova na Rasha ta statehood. Alal misali, ana iya gani a cikin marubucin littafin "Last mutuwa tsanani."

Tasirin adabi a kan siyasa

Binciko tarihin Rasha jihar da kuma jama'a, da Brewers shãfe a kan muhimmancin da samuwar da m da kuma falsafa wallafe-wallafe. A matsayin misali, masanin kimiyya hõre revaluation sakamakon Lva Tolstogo. A littafinsa "yaki da zaman lafiya" da cewa halitta sabon gaskiya da kuma hali daban, abin da kyakkyawan ayyana wani sabon ganewa na rayuwa a Rasha a cikin biyu da rabi na XIX karni. System of m camfin Tolstoy Brewers kira "real Tolstoyanism" (kamar yadda tsayayya wa addini koyarwa litattafansu).

Fyodor Dostoevsky - shi ne wani labari-mai yi da wannan tsari, waɗanda ayyukansu bincika da Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. "Bani" marubuci - littafan, kuma a cikin su, a cikin wasu abubuwa annabta da Rasha juyin juya halin. Muna magana ne game da "The Brothers Karamazov" da "Aljanu". Brewers haruffa idan aka kwatanta da 1917, wani samfurin na tunanin Dostoevsky.

Dogara da ciki siyasa daga waje

Akwai da dama ayyukan game da harkokin siyasa na Rasha Yury Pivovarov a bibliography (ciki har da monograph "The siyasa da al'adu na post-gyare-gyare Rasha"). Wannan na iya kuma sun hada da laccoci da kuma aikin jarida na marubucin. Daya daga cikin key tambayoyi tambaye ta Brewers, shi ne dangantakar da take tsakanin waje da ciki ma'aunai na cikin gida da siyasa.

Rasha for biyar ƙarni steadily ƙãra da karkararta ta warware daban-daban a duniya kalubale (kamar landlocked matsala). A zama na da yawa da makwabta da kuma abokan da na kowa iyakokin ya haddasa yau da kullum da yaƙi a duk wani tarihi epoch. Saboda wannan kasashen waje da manufofin da ya ko da yaushe karfi da tasiri da kuma rinjãya a kan m siyasa. Wannan abin kwaikwaya ya dogon sha'awar Yuri Pivovarov, wanda ya sadaukar da yawa shafukan zuwa da shi na gudanar da bincike.

Musu daga tarihi dokokin

Yuri Pivovarov ce da Rasha siyasa da kuma doka da al'adu "vlastetsentrichnoy" (a lokacin, kamar yammacin ne "anthropocentric"). A cikin Turai, shi duka yana farawa daga mutum - a inda yake da ma'auni ga dukan kome. A Rasha, a cikin cibiyar akwai mai iko. Yana da wani hadisin. Yana iya boye da mimic, amma har yanzu ya kasance a cikin jama'a sani.

Sha'awa, da Yuri Pivovarov a laccoci musanta wanzuwar m tarihi dokokin da suke da marar sakewa gaskiyar. Maimakon haka, suna da wata al'adar. Bambanci ne cewa karshen ne batun sauya matsayin tarihi tsari - bude da kaddarorin. Saba wa dokoki na Brewers ma yana sanya free nufin mutum. Alal misali, shi ne mutane ta ayyuka ne suka kai ga Oktoba juyin juya halin a Rasha (da ba tattalin arziki da jin dadin jama'a da kuma yanayin motsa jiki).

Ikon da Church a Rasha

Rasha jihar sabanin Yammacin Pivovarov bayyana ta na da ãyõyin Rasha da kuma Rum. Ya karbi Orthodox Kristanci daga Girkawa, Eastern Slavs yanke da kansu kashe daga cikin sauran na Old World. Da farko, sun kasance daga cikin Latin duniya, t. Don. The coci aiki a matsayin Latin harshen sa'an nan kuma wani kayan aiki na kasa da kasa kimiyya sadarwa.

A kimiyya aiki Yuriya Pivovarova, wasu har abin ya shafa da topic na dangantakar da coci da kuma jiha. The masanin kimiyyar ya yi imanin cewa rabo na da muhimmanci rawa da tambaya "Wane ne ya fi albarkatun." A wasu kalmomin, wãne ne mafi m, ya aka tsoma baki cikin wani ta ajanda. A Rasha, a aikace, wannan ya nufi da cewa jihar shi da tasiri a rayuwar ruhaniya. The Orthodox Church ya ba ta kasance m, kamar cocin Katolika a kasashen yamma. Splicing na ruhaniya da kuma wadanda mutane ikon sakamako a kan kara raya cibiyoyin na Rasha al'umma.