Particulate Filter - abin da yake da shi? A farfadowa da particulate tace

Cars, wato su shaye gas matsayi mai girma barazana ga muhalli. Saboda haka, kamfanonin kera motoci fara ba da motoci tare da daban-daban catalysts. Kuma idan a motoci tare da fetur injuna da shi ne don haka ya kira, shi ne a kan diesels - a particulate tace. Menene wannan kashi? Mene ne tsarinta da yanayin da aiki? Duk da wannan, kuma ba kawai - daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.

ganawa

Diesel particulate tace for tsarkake shaye gas daga toka barbashi. Amfani da wannan kashi a shaye tsarin don rage carbon baki abun ciki na kashi 95%. A karshen da aka kafa saboda bai cika konewa. A size na carbon baki barbashi ne daga 1 zuwa 0.01 microns. Yana da aka hada da karfe oxides, ruwa, sulfur, da kuma carbonaceous mahadi. Su kashi ne dogara a kan halin yanzu gudu da kuma kaya a kan engine.

inda amfani

Wanne inji aka sanya particulate tace? "Volkswagen", "Audi", "Mercedes". Wannan shi ne wani bai cika jerin motoci da cewa suna sanye take da wannan kashi. A motocin fasinja dizal particulate tace aka shigar a shekarar 2000, tare da aikace-aikace na muhalli nagartacce "Yuro-2" ko mafi girma. A Tarayyar Turai kasashe, gaban wannan mai kara kuzari da ake bukata ko a kan motoci tun 2011.

wuri

Ina dizal particulate tace? "Mercedes" da kuma da yawa daga cikin motoci kerarre a Turai da wannan tsari na kara kuzari. An located kawai a baya da shaye da yawa. Wannan wuri ne domin a wannan wuri da gas da zazzabi kai a kalla halaye.

The na'urar da manufa na aiki

Babban kashi na dizal particulate tace - wani yumbu matrix. An yi silicon carbide. A wannan abu da ake amfani da catalysts na fetur injuna. A matrix aka sanya a cikin wani karfe tace gidaje da kuma yana da wata raga tsarin da alternately rufe Kwayoyin. A kaikaice ɓangare na kashi - porous. Yana abubuwa a matsayin tace. Sel kara kuzari matrix - square siffar. A wani more zamani motocin kafa tacewa tare da 8-carbon Kwayoyin. Irin wannan abubuwa suna dauke mafi abin dogara da kuma daina wuce shaye gas.

tacewa Matakai

Tacewa da farfadowa - bisa wannan ka'ida aiki kowane particulate tace. Mene ne wannan? Tace - wannan ne tsari da wanda kãmun aka yi da toka barbashi tare da kara subsidence a kan bangon. A ya fi girma su ne, da sauki shi ne yin aiki da mai kara kuzari. Duk da haka, da shaye gas da kananan yawan m carbon baki, har zuwa 1 micron. Shi ne su, sũ ne mafi girma barazana ga muhalli, da kuma mutum airway.

Har ila yau, lura da cewa tare da lokaci mai dizal particulate tace ( "Renault Jagora Fe» - shi ne ba togiya) an gidan ya toshe da kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa. Amma saboda high kudin (daga $ 400), Rasha mota masu "yanke" ya "kwakwalwa" da kwamfuta da kuma saka a cikin sa "spacer" - da karfe bututu na wannan diamita.

M farfadowa particulate tace

Wannan aiki ne da za'ayi ta high zafin jiki (500 digiri Celsius). Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa mai kara kuzari da aka shigar kai tsaye bayan da shaye da yawa. Iya shiga a cikin particulate tace, shaye gas (wato, nitrogen mahadi) to amsa tare da oxygen, game da shi, kafa nitrogen dioxide. Karshe, a haɗa da carbon baki tuba zuwa oxide da carbon monoxide. A karshe biyu da aka gyara da martani tare da oxygen raba cikin nitrogen da carbon dioxide gas. Wannan ya faru tacewa aiwatar shaye gas na wani dizal mota.

A karkashin wasu engine aiki yanayi da toka tarin iya zama wanda ya kasa aiki. Ta zare jiki ya wuce ta waje daga cikin cell. A irin wannan yanayin, da aiki farfadowa da particulate tace an haɗa zuwa aiki.

aiki

Wannan aiki ne da tilas da kiwon shaye gas zazzabi. Wannan ya faru duk a cikin gajeren lokaci. Akwai hanyoyi da dama na tilasta zazzabi karuwa:

• A baya man fetur allura.
• Obin na lantarki dumama gas.
• A allura na man fetur zuwa dizal particulate tace.
• Girkawa wani lantarki hita.

Structure neutralizer ci gaba da inganta da kuma yanzu a dauke su cikin rare irin tace da catalytic shafi da kuma wani tsarin na Additives a cikin man fetur labari. Bari mu bincika su daki-daki.

Catalytic particulate tace

Menene wannan kashi? Wannan tace an yi amfani a kan motoci na iyali "Volkswagen". Ka'idar aiki ya hada da aiki da kuma m farfadowa.

A karshen harka, da aiki faruwa ta hanyar ci gaba da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na toka saboda da kara kuzari - platinum, ta hanyar abin da gas wuce. Aiki zazzabi - daga 300 zuwa 500 digiri Celsius. Active tsari ya auku a yanayin zafi sama - 650 digiri Celsius.

Lokacin da wannan iko da aka kunna a jam'i na masu auna sigina. Wannan iska flowmeter na'urori masu auna sigina mashiga ruwa da kanti shaye gas zafin jiki da kuma matsa lamba, cikinsa da particulate tace aiki. Abin da ya bada? All samu bayanai da aka sarrafa ta kwamfuta, inda kula da naúrar bada siginar zuwa daga baya man fetur mashiga ruwa, ko rage da ya kwarara daga iska a cikin ɗakin. A cikin wannan hanya muhimmanci ƙara shaye gas zazzabi, suka amsa tare da mai kara kuzari abubuwa.

Tace da Input ƙari tsarin

Kara kuzari ta ci gaba ta Faransa injiniyoyi kuma an saita zuwa "Peugeot" cars, "Citroen", kazalika da "Ford" da "Toyota". Wani sunan ga dizal particulate tace - FAP. Jigon da aiki ne quite sauki. A tsarin ne ƙari tare da catalytic Converter (cerium), wanda aka kara wa man fetur, da kuma taimaka wa canza toka konewa zafin jiki (kamar 500 digiri Celsius). Duk da haka, a low lodi, yana da wuya a cimma, don haka da aiki an haɗa tilasta farfadowa. Kanta da aka adana a raba ƙari tank (4-5 lita).

Its rayuwa ne game da 100 kilomita dubu, kuma shi ne kamar na tace. A cikin tanki, wannan ƙari an ciyar da wani lantarki famfo. An dosed a kowane MOTA KE SHAN MAI man fetur na lantarki iko naúrar. Babban drawback na wannan tsarin - a konewa na cesium ajiye a kan garun a cikin nau'i na ash, wanda ƙwarai clogs da tace. Saboda haka, yana da irin wannan karamin lokaci na aiki.

Yadda za a mika lifespan?

Tun da toka burnout auku a high yanayin zafi, da sabis rai na tace dogara a kan mita kuna-ta. Saboda haka, abin da zai sau da yawa faru da wannan aiki, da karami hanya rabi. Amma ta yaya za ka kara da nisan miloli na mota tsakanin kona a cikin Converter? Akwai daban-daban Additives kare particulate tace. Sun taimaka wajen rage ta zafin aiki daga 600 zuwa 400 digiri Celsius. Yi amfani da na'ura a low lodi a cikin bege cewa toka kona ba ya faruwa, shi ne kawai m. Domin irin haka, bayar da tilasta farfadowa - ko da a mafi ƙarancin gudun naúrar za aiki a kashi 100.

Ta yaya domin sanin blockage?

Ãyõyin a plugged tace da sauki gane. Wannan shi ne mai rauni daftarin, hayaki daga shaye bututu, cika man fetur. irin wannan abubuwa ne kullum a yanke dubi daidai kamar yadda hoton da ke ƙasa.

A wannan yanayin, an gaggawa bukatar daukar mataki - don maye gurbin shi da wani sabon daya (abin da yake da wuya da za a shiryar da mu mota masu) ko cire daga tsarin.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, za mu gano cewa wani sinadari ne mai dizal. Kamar yadda ka gani, da na'urar ne m yãki toka tsaftacewa. Duk da haka, da abubuwa masu kyau rasa lokacin da maye lokacin ya zo. The kudin na sabon kashi ne kamar 50-80 dubu rubles.
Saboda haka hanya mafi kyau - da kau da particulate tace a kwamfuta software da kuma installing a wuri mai harshen wuta arrester da kuma sauki karfe tube. Ya kamata a da hanya daga 5 zuwa dubu 15 rubles.