Nura - Basin ruwa na Nura-Sarysu

Tsarin ruwa na Kazakhstan babbar hanyar sadarwa ce da ke gudana a ko'ina cikin ƙasa mai girma. Daga cikin manyan kwandunan jihar, Nura-Sarysusky ya fito a cikin girmanta. Ya samo asali a cikin duwatsu na Kyzyltas. Babban kogin wannan tsarin ruwa shi ne Nura. Yana da game da wannan kuma za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Bayani game da Kogin Nure

Nura shi ne kogin da ya fito daga tushe zuwa bakin bakin Nura-Sarysu, inda kimanin mutane miliyan 1 ke zaune. Yana gudana daga yammacin gangara Kyzyltas zuwa Tengiz lake. Tsawon kogi yana kusan kilomita 1000 (978 km). Rigun ruwa yana da manyan masu goyon baya uku: Ulkenkundyszdy, Cherubai-Nura, da Akbastau.

Yankin da ake nufi da Kogin Nura na daya daga cikin yankunan da ke mafi girma na Kazakhstan, domin yana cikin Kazakh melkosopochnika - wani wuri mai tsayi da ƙananan hawan. Lokaci na babban ruwa ya faɗi a cikin bazara. A lokacin rani, a matsayin mai mulki, kogin ya bushe a kusa da bazara, kuma a cikin hunturu ya kyauta. Har ila yau, a cikin lokaci mafi zafi na shekara, ruwan da ke ƙasa na Nura ya zama abin razana. Da farkon yanayin sanyi a watan Nuwamba, kogin yana rufe da kankara, wanda ya fara karya ne kawai a farkon Afrilu.

Raguwa da kogin

Nura shine kogin da sinadaran kwayoyi ya gurbata daga shuka. Saboda haka, a cikin rabin rabi na karni na karshe, Cibiyar da aka haramta ta Karbid ta kai kimanin ton 1,000 na mercury cikin tafki. Dangane da wannan, kifi a iya cin kifin da aka kama akan sassan sassan. Duk da haka, halin da ake ciki ba shi da mahimmanci kamar yadda zai iya gani a kallo. Mercury yana cikin cikin sihiri, wanda ke nufin cewa ba zai zama mummunar barazana ga rayuwar da lafiyar al'ummar gari ba. Nura shine kogin da yana da "abokai a cikin masifa". Don haka, alal misali, wani mummunar yaduwar gurbataccen ruwa ya fallasa teku a kusa da garin Minamata na kasar Japan. Babban adadin mercury, wanda aka ɗora a cikin ruwa ta daya daga cikin tsire-tsire kusa da shi, ya haifar da mummunan lalacewa ga lafiyar mazauna gari.

Tsarin Nura tun shekara ta 2001 ya zama muhimmin aiki na gwamnatin Kazakhstan. Ya kasance a wannan lokacin cewa an aiwatar da babban ma'auni na matakan don kawar da gurɓin mercury na kogi. Ana gudanar da aikin ne daga hukumomin Kazakhstan tare da Bankin Duniya.

Ribobi na kogin

A cikin bazara akwai wani kogin ruwan tufana. Nura yana fitowa daga bakin teku, kamar yadda matakin ruwa yake da yawa. Kogin yana daya daga cikin mafi girma a Kazakhstan, saboda haka zubar da jini yakan haifar da mummunar lalacewa a yankunan da ke kusa. A farkon shekara ta 2015, an kafa rikodin don inganta yanayin ruwa a kogi. Ya karu da 10 cm kowace awa. Domin ya hana sakamakon lalacewar kogin, ruwa ya yuwuwa ta wurin kullun wutar lantarki a kan Nura.

Babban dalili na irin wannan mummunan mummunan shine mai saurin yanayi, mai mahimmancin hazo. A karkashin rinjayar ruwan sama, ruwa daga dutsen dutsen ya fara gudana cikin kogi.

Hukumomi a cikin gida sun shirya shirye-shiryen Nura na kowace shekara saboda hadari na ambaliyar garuruwa da kauyuka da ke kusa. A wa] annan yankunan, kwamishinan Kazakhstan na Rukunin Ruwa na Gudanar da Kayayyakin Gudanar da Gudanar da kayan aikin, da kayan aiki na musamman don fitarwa na mazauna gida.

Barazanar ambaliya

A cikin Afrilu na 2015, akwai ambaliya. Kogin Nura ya fito daga bankunan kuma ya watsar da kayan da aka gina domin lokacin ambaliya don kare yankunan nan kusa. Kamar yadda hukumomi na gari suka lura, bala'in ya shafi damuwa, ba damun ba, don haka babu hatsari mai tsanani. Gwagwarmayar kwanan lokaci shine batun kawai ga mazauna gidaje masu kusa, wanda ke tsaye a cikin yankin ɓarna.

Mun gudanar da jimre da ruwan tsufana a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci saboda kayan aiki na musamman da kuma yawan ma'aikata.

Nura shine kogi tare da wasu siffofi na al'ada. Yana da saboda su cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta faru, da kuma lokacin rani, kaka da kuma hunturu hunturu a asalin. Kusan kowace shekara ana shafe wurare a kusa da kowace shekara, amma yawancin lokaci ba mummunan lalacewa ba. An rubuta ambaliyar ruwa ne kawai a tsakiyar karni na karshe. Tun da akwai wata nasara ta fasaha, suna gudanar da jimrewa da sauri, ba tare da bari ruwan kogi ya zama abin hallakaswa ba.