Silicon Valley

Kamfanoni masu fasaha masu tasowa na duniya waɗanda suka fi samun nasara a duniya sun taru a karkashin San Francisco, California, a wani wuri da ake kira Silicon Valley. Akwai Stanford University, an fara karatunsa a Electronics majagaba Lee de Forest, wanda ya tattara mutane da yawa masana kimiyya a duniya.

Yanzu a cikin kwari akwai kimanin mutum ɗari takwas. Ya zama ainihin gida ga daruruwan manyan kamfanoni na Amurka waɗanda suke kwarewa wajen bunkasa fasahar zamani da fasahohin lantarki. A ci gaba, an kashe kimanin dala biliyan goma a kowane wata. New ideas bayyana duk lokacin, sabon ayyukan (da ake kira farko-apami), wanda aka infused da kamfani babban birnin kasar. Saboda haka, da zarar sun fara Google da Apple, wanda ya tsara ayyukan farko na su a cikin garages.

Sunan "Silicon (ko Silicon) Valley" ya bayyana ne saboda samar da kayan lantarki da kuma kamfanoni wanda aka kafa a nan. A karo na farko wannan jarida ya yi amfani da wannan jarida D. Hofler a shekarar 1971. Technopark ya amince da ra'ayin, bayan haka kalma ta zama sunan mai suna.

A Rasha, ana amfani da kalmar "Silicon Valley" sau da yawa, domin a daidai fassarar "silicon" na nufin "silicon". Kalmar nan "silicone" tana da "silicone", wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka fara amfani dashi don tsara Technopark. Duk da daidaitattun daidaitattun zaɓi na farko, kalmar ƙarshe ita ce, watakila, mafi yawan kowa.

Silicon Valley ba shi da iyakokin gudanarwa (ba a nuna su a taswira) ba. Har ila yau, akwai alamun wuraren da ke nuna alamarta. Wannan shi ne kusan dukan yankin tattalin arziki daga San Francisco zuwa San Jose. Cibiyar Valley Center ta Jami'ar Stanford ce, wadda ta killace yankunanta.

Dalilin yin rajistar kwangila na tsawon lokaci, wanda Leland Stanford ya tsara a cikin nufinsa, shine ya kirkiro wani babban fasaha, wanda zai hada da kamfanonin da ke kusa da haɗin kai tare da jami'a. Don haka, a 1946, Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kimiyya ta Stanford ta fara farawa, wanda ya wajaba don tallafawa tattalin arzikin yankin.

A shekara ta 1951, an fara gina gine-gine mai suna Stanford Industrial Park. Wannan shi ne abu na farko da ake nufi da fasaha. Kamfanin kamfanin Silicon Valley na farko kamfanin IT ya karbi shi ne Hewlett-Packard. Don jawo hankalin masana kimiyya masu basira, shirye-shiryen daban-daban sun fara ba su tallafin kudi.

A yau, Silicon Valley ita ce babbar cibiyar fasaha a Amurka, kuma bisa ga wasu tushe, duniya baki daya. Ofisoshin kamfanoni mafi girma da kuma mafi rinjaye waɗanda ke samar da kayan lantarki da software sun kasance a nan. Kimanin kimanin miliyoyi dubu uku suna aiki a cikin aikin.

Ƙasar Silicon Valley ta Amurka ba aikin kawai ba ce. Wannan kalma ita ce sunan yau da kullum, yana nuna ɓangaren fasaha mai zurfi. A wasu ƙasashe na duniya, musamman ma a Rasha, aikin kuma yana cikin hanyar haifar da kwatancin kwarin (Skolkovo).