Nickel yawa da sauran kaddarorin. nickel tama

Nickel (Ni) - shi ne da wani sinadari na lokaci-lokaci tsarin na Mendeleev, wanda aka kunshe a cikin triad Fe, Co, Ni. Nickel ne wani karfe da farin launi da m silvery Sheen. Yana ke da kyau tare da sauran karafa ta samar da gami a lokaci guda.

A samu na nickel

nickel tama da aka fara gano ta a sunadarai daga Sweden A. Cronstedt a 1751. Long kafin ta bude hakar gwal daga Saxony tama san da cewa zahiri kama da tagulla. Yana da aka yi amfani da su sa kayayyakin steklovarami kore. Sau da yawa steelmakers na cewa lokaci na kokarin samun fita daga wannan gami da tagulla, amma duk da yunkurin ya gaza. Saboda haka, a karshen da XVII karni. Nickel karfe samu ta farko sunan - "kupfernikel", wanda fassara nufin "Iblis tama." Mineralogist Cronstedt har yanzu gudanar don samun kore oxide, kuma ta rage daga cikin karshen da aka samu ta hanyar nickel da kanta.

Cigaba da bincike na karfe tsunduma masanin kimiyya Bergman. Karbar a cikin tsarki tsari, shi ne iya kafa da cewa Properties na nickel kusa da halaye na baƙin ƙarfe. A mafi daki-daki, wannan karfe an yi karatu da sauran masu bincike, tun Proust. A hankali a san su daban-daban Properties, ciki har da yawa daga nickel. A gaskiya ma, kalmar "Nikkel" ne mai datti kalma hakar gwal. Ya zo daga wani karkatacciyar Niccolaus kuma bauta laƙabi duplicitous, m mutane. Na biyu ma'anar kalmar shine "wani maɓarnacin ruhu," "slacker."

nickel yawa da sauran kaddarorin

Nickel yana da kaddarorin kamar ductility da malleability. Wadannan siffofin yi shi da sauki ga bijirar hakkinsa. Daga cikin samu karfe zanen gado da kuma shambura. Nickel - a wajen m abu. Its tensile ƙarfi ne 450 MPa. Kamar haka vysokoplastichen, kuma ma yana da babban lalata juriya. A thermal watsin na nickel ne 90,1 W / (m · K) (a 25 ° C).

Mined ores kunsa na biyar barga isotopes. Nickel ne classified a matsayin nauyi karafa. Nickel yawa ne 8902 kg / m ^3. Shi ne sau biyu fiye da abin da na titanium, amma ta na lamba darajar ne daidai da yawa na tagulla.

An nickel tsatsa rufe?

Nickel ne resistant zuwa high yanayin zafi. Idan wannan karfe an yi amfani da wani m yanayi, shi ne sau da yawa an rufe shi da oxide fim, tare da kadan dimming. Haka kuma an ba an rufe shi da tsatsa. Ba aiki a kan shi, kuma acid - ko dai kwayoyin ko inorganic. Tsatsa ba rufe wannan ƙarfe ko da a cikin zafi barasa. Saboda haka, nickel ne sau da yawa amfani a cikin masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci.

Ina nickel na iya zama batun lalata?

A total akwai wasu wurare inda na karfe iya hallaka. Da fari dai, shi ne teku ruwa. Bugu da ari, shi mugun rinjayar da alkaline hypochlorite bayani. Sulfur kuma Yanã lalata, gishiri mafita, ammonia ruwa.

nickel gami

Wannan ƙarfe ne mai kyau ƙari ga karfe. Yana qara ta ductility da kuma ƙarfi. Bugu da kari na nickel da chromium gami samar high lalata juriya na steels. Yadu a yi amfani da masana'antu chromium-nickel bakin karfe, wanda ta haka ne da wani babban matakin da thermostability.

A sunadarai da aka sani gami inda nickel ne babban kashi. Yawa nickel damar da amfani a gami da baƙin ƙarfe, aluminum, manganese, chromium da silicon. Irin wannan gami ake amfani domin samar da heaters. Bã su da wani babban matakin Magnetic permeability. Har ila yau, a yi amfani da aikin injiniya Cast baƙin ƙarfe, a cikinsa nickel da aka kara. Masana'antu samar da wannan karfe fara game da shekara ɗari da suka wuce. Kamar wancan ne game da 80% na nickel da ake amfani da samar da karfe da kuma nickel gami.

Sauran fannoni na aikace-aikace na karfe

Nickel da ta gami ana amfani ba kawai don samar da bakin steels. Karafa da gami amfani da hannu a cikin halittar sunadarai kayan aiki, Shipbuilding. Nichrome da chromel ne bijiro da batun kafa abubuwa na iyali kayan: toasters, mari, da kuma sarari heaters. Sauran gami ake amfani a yi na sojan ruwa tasoshin. Nickel coatings ne sau da yawa na ado.

karfe yawan guba

A babban adadin nickel na iya samun illa a jiki. Karuwan da abun ciki a cikin abinci zai iya magana game da wani kai tsaye barazana ga kiwon lafiya. A mafi m sakamako na wuce kima lamba tare da nickel jiki - shi ne wani alerji. shi ma yana sa mashako, koda cuta, da kuma huhu da ciwon daji. Amma nickel yawan guba bayyana kanta kawai idan shi ne a cikin jiki a cikin manyan yawa.