Nature na Siberia: da musamman sasanninta

Mafi yawan mutane suna da nasu ra'ayin Siberia. Duk da haka, duk sun yarda da cewa wannan inhospitable baki - da musamman ƙasar da na ƙasar wanda shi ne mai yiwuwa a samu cikin daji yanayi spots, inda har shekaru da yawa ba su kasance rai guda.

Baƙi yi imani da cewa wannan sararin ake yin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yankunan da ba za ka samu ba dabba ba tsuntsu bane ba mutum. Abin da shi a zahiri ne, kuma abin da yanayi ne na Siberia?

ƙasa

Majiyoyi daban-daban yanki na Siberia. A talakawan ne tsakanin 10 da 12 murabba'in kilomita miliyan na ƙasar. Bambanci riga miliyan 2 saboda da bambanci a cikin ra'ayoyi na masana kimiyya: wasu yi imani da cewa Far East ne wani ɓangare na Siberia, yayin da wasu emit Far East a raba yankin. Saboda wannan dalili, da iyakoki da Siberian Tarayya District domin sanin quite wuya: yamma ne a fili da Ural Mountains, a kan ƙasa na Arewa na kewaye da Arctic Ocean, kudu lullube da iyakoki na kasar mu, gabas da aka haddasa wata yawa muhawara - wasu masana kimiyya ne karkata zuwa imani da kan iyaka ridges na Pacific watershed. A takaice, wannan yankin da aka located a cikin high da kuma tsakiyar latitudes. A sauyin yanayi shi ne babban ɓangare na wani babban yanki na kasar mu da mafi inhospitable, sharply nahiyar da kuma gaske kauri.

yanayi

Nature na Siberia ne sosai bambancin, a wani karamin sashi saboda m har na ƙasar. The most yanki na wannan bangare na kasar - da West Siberian Bayyana, Central Siberian Plateau, duwãtsu na Arewa maso Gabas da kuma duwãtsu na Kudancin Siberia.

Namun daji na Siberia dabam mafi yawa daga kudu zuwa arewa. Za ka iya gano wani sarari rabo na halitta yankunan a cikin gandun daji, tundra, da sauransu. D. A cikin gandun daji tundra da ya fi na kowa gansakuka, lichens da ciyawa, Bishiyoyi masu dogon kwana. A mafi hali na ƙasashen Siberia taiga. Coniferous gandun daji mika zuwa yankinsu 2 kilomita dubu ba tare da wani alamun habitation. Dark coniferous boreal gandun daji kafa yafi na fir da spruce. Shi ne kuma ba sabon abu ba a sami Siberian itacen al'ul. Taiga ma da haske Pine needles mafi hankula wuraren zuwa gabashin Yenisei. M wannan ne taiga Dahurian larch. M halitta abin tunawa - lemun tsami tsibirin, dake a cikin Altai.

Don kudu da taiga yanayi na Yammacin Siberia da aka wakilta steppe da gandun daji steppe. A gaskiya, wannan shi ne yankin inda namun daji, ya zo ga ƙarshe. Wadannan yankuna da aka fi bata ne, ta wurin mutumin da sakamakon da ta tattalin arziki da ayyukan. Tsohon steppe yanzu juya a cikin arable ƙasar, da kyakkyawan marshy fadamun - a hayfields. Wasu musamman dabbobi tuna yau kawai rare centenarians. Mutane da yawa jinsin dabbobi yanayi na Siberia rasa har abada, wasu daga cikinsu na iya har yanzu za a gani a gida huruminsa.

Flora

Flora na dutse yankunan ne sosai bambancin, shi ne musamman bayyanannu a cikin yanayi na high-tsawo zone. Saboda haka, ne na Shefela na steppe ciyayi, gangara - dutsen taiga gandun daji, high ridges - treeless shimfidar, arziki ciyawa, tundra da dutse placers.

Wannan arziki yanayi na Siberia yana da dogon jerin rare shuke-shuke. Kawai a Siberia samu sifila Grandiflora shaidan high, Anemone baicalensis kuma waɗansu da yawa da suka hada da a cikin Red Littãfi, shuke-shuke.