Naryn-Kala sansanin soja, Dagestan, Derbent. Description, yawon shakatawa, da tarihin

Naryn-Kala sansanin soja (Dagestan) ne a hallmark na birnin Derbent. Wannan kagara aka hada a UNESCO jerin matsayin m tarihi da kuma al'adu abin tunawa daga duniya muhimmancin. Har yanzu kiyaye ganuwar, da ƙofofi, da hasumiya, da tsaro hadaddun. Ciki da sansanin soja ne ayi da ruwa tankuna da kududdufai, sharuddan, giciye-domed coci da kuma Juma Masallaci. Wadannan karshe biyu ne mafi tsoho haikali a Rasha Federation.

Masana har yanzu muhawara game da yadda shekaru masu yawa da Naryn-Kala aka gudanar. A farkon gina kagara kasance a cikin kashi shida karni, da kuma mafi yawan 'yan - goma sha biyar. Bari mu dauki wani mai rumfa yawon shakatawa na wannan zamanin da kufaifan.

Naryn-Kala sansanin soja tarihi

Derbent birnin kanta fiye da shekaru dubu biyar. An yi imani da cewa kagara kira Naryn-Kala, watau hasken rana ƙarfi, ya fara gina Shah Kavad a cikin shida karni. Ɗansa, Khosrow farko Anushirwan, ci gaba mahaifinsa aiki da kuma gina wani sansanin soja da bango, overlapping nassi tsakanin Caucasus da Caspian Sea. An yi imani da cewa ta tsawon shi ne arba'in kilomita. A bango tafi a cikin teku, ta haka ne tarewa da hanyar da dabbanci daga arewa ta hanyar da m ruwa da kuma kare na kagara samar da m tashar jiragen ruwa. Amma duk da wadannan gine-gine kasance a cikin pre-Arab lokaci na farkon tsakiyar zamanai. A zamani archaeological binciken gano cewa sansanin soja Naryn-Kala (Derbent), sun kasance mafi tsoho shiri kewaye da wani bango da laka tubali. Yana Dates daga zamanin Yezdegerd II (438-457 shekaru) kuma tana nufin marigayi Albanian-Sarmatian da Sassanian lokaci. Amma dai ba duka. Adobe tubalin da aka sanya a kan wani dutse pedestal. A fili, wannan masonry nasa ne da tsaron gida ganuwar Derbent, wanda wanzu har shekaru dubu biyar da suka wuce.

Inda kuma ya sa na Naryn-Kala aka gina

A farkon tsakiyar zamanai Persian daular kaiwa da komowar hare-hare na dabbanci-makiyaya daga matakan a cikin Volga yankin Neja Delta. Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar rufe da ake kira Caspian Gates Dzhalganskogo tsakanin kakar da kunya da kuma teku. Resistant da kuma robust masonry lokacin farin ciki da m ganuwar sun impregnable ga makamai wadanda sau. Amma daga baya da Naryn-Kala sansanin soja msa yawa sieges. Bayan duk kare taimake ƙasa. A uku bangarorin da gangaren dutsen da wanda tsaye da kagara, sosai m.

Fort, sabanin baya garu gidaje, ya ba da wani shiri. Ya na tsaye a wasu nesa daga Derbent da aka sanaki da masu gadi da suke tsaron kunkuntar nassi. Amma da castle shi ma mazaunin marzpanov - Iran gwamnonin. Haka nan da nan ya zama wani muhimmin administrative, kasuwanci da kuma cibiyar al'adu.

A iko kagara

Har yanzu, mutane tana da tsaron gida ikon da sansanin soja. Its siffar da aka shibtarsu da contours na ƙasa. Naryn- Kala sansanin soja ne sababbu polygon, contoured ganuwar mita uku lokacin farin ciki. Magina amfani ga soldering turmi da dutse tubalan. A tsawo daga wadannan katangu ne goma zuwa goma sha biyu mita. Tare da kewaye da hasumiya ne - a nesa na game 20-30 m daga juna. A yankin na sansanin soja - hudu da rabi kadada. A kudu maso yammacin tip na kagara ne square hasumiya, wanda shi ne wata gada da bango Doug sanduna rufe da "Caspian nassi." Wani sashi na shi ya tafi a cikin tẽku, da sauran - a cikin duwatsu. A bangarori daban-daban na sansanin soja ne hudu tsakar gida. Daga gefe na kagara na Derbent tsaro sosai m gangaren dutsen. Saboda haka cewa dutsen da za a iya dauka kawai idan akwai manyan bindigogi. Abin da ya faru a 1796, a lokacin da Rasha-Persian yaki.

A ciki gina kagara Naryn-Kala

Farisa kare arewacin iyaka na kagara da aka shirya don mai yiwu dogon kewaye. Domin m samar da ruwa a karkashin kasa tsarin tashoshi da aka gudanar, abu daga dutsen marẽmari zuwa Dutsen tankuna cikin kagara. Daya daga wadannan tankuna ya zama ... da Kirista coci. Wannan giciye-domed ginin da aka gina a karo na hudu ko biyar karni. Daga baya sai aka yi amfani da matsayin haikalin wuta-bauta - Zoroasta. Lokacin da waɗannan ƙasashe kafa musulunci, watsi da ginin. Yana hankali tafi karkashin kasa da kuma aka yi amfani da matsayin tafki ga ruwa ajiya. Paradoxically, godiya ga wannan coci da kuma tsira ga lokaci. Wannan - mafi Kirista coci a ƙasar Rasha.

By da na da Monuments na gine-gine sun hada da Juma masallaci. Shi ne ma mafi tsufa a Rasha. Its yi nasa ne ƙarni na takwas. Amma ginin da aka kerata sau da yawa a wadannan karnoni. A cikin karni na sha biyar kafin masallaci da aka gina Madrasa. Na yi a cikin kagara Naryn-Kala (Derbent), da kuma Shah ta fada. Amma ya zo mana a cikin kufai.

Gina wani sabon lokaci a cikin ƙasa na Naryn-Kala

Sansanin soja, kuma da shi birni ba zai rasa da dabarun muhimmancin da kuma lokacin faduwar rana da na tsakiyar zamanai. A cikin kagara na khans na Derbent zaunar. Sai suka juya cikin Naryn-Kala sansanin soja zuwa gidansa. Shah fādar da aka yi watsi da, amma a cikin kagara a cikin karni na sha takwas da aka gina sabon Khan bẽne, (a zamanin mulkin su ɗauko-Ali). Bugu da kari, da hadaddun kara administrative gine-gine. Wannan kurkuku (ginshiki kurkuku), Sofa Khan (Office). Ga karya ragowar kabari a Derbent ta shugabanni.

Kiyaye wanka da kuma Khan (XVI-XVII karni). By karni na sha tara Rasha gine-gine sun hada da wani guardhouse. Yanzu wannan gini ne da wani ma'adanar Derbent.

archaeological tono

A cikin karni na ashirin da sansanin soja ya fara aiki tare da masana tarihi domin sanin gaskiya shekaru na Naryn-Kala. Hakika, da gina kagara da kuma gina wani garu tsaron gida Doug sanduna rufe da Derbent nassi da lãbãri a gare shida karni. Amma archaeological bincike sun mika da shekaru na yarjejeniya da baya ƙarni. Sai dai itace cewa ko da a arni na takwas masu garu shiri wanzu BC. A stratigraphy na al'adu yadudduka nuna cewa shi ne za ta hanyar wuya tarihi. Canzawar ash nuna cewa Bloom ya samu da yawa gobara. Amma da wuri ne a saman tsauni a kan wanda yanzu tsaye da sansanin soja Naryn-Kala, ba kome cikinsu. Iko a kan nassi tsakanin Caspian Sea da kuma Caucasus ya kasance kullum muhimmanci a soja da kuma kasuwanci a tsakaninsu. Shiri steadily girma da kuma ci gaba har sai da Sassanid shigar azzakari cikin farji.

bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya

A shekarar 1989, aka kafa shi ta Jihar Historical-Zanen Reserve. Yana hada da tsohon gundumomi na birnin Derbent da kuma gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun "kagara Naryn-Kala." Tsaro zone rufe 2044 kadada. A irin wannan babban yanki dake game da ɗari biyu da hamsin Monuments na al'adu da tarihi. Wannan jama'a da kuma zama gine-gine, Kirista da kuma bautar musulmai, archaeological artefacts cirewa tono. Amma ba kawai kagara ban sha'awa ga masu yawon shakatawa. Ya kamata je Old Town. Derbent, sunansa a Persian nufin "Kulle Gate", ya ko da yaushe aka inextricably nasaba da ta kagara. A shekarar 2003, UNESCO kwamitin rubũtacce a kan World Heritage List na dukan tarihi-gine-gine. Kuma a 2013, bisa ga sakamakon zabe gudanar tsakanin 'yan kasa na Rasha, Derbent sansanin soja dauki goma sha biyar wuri daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma wurin hutawa da waɗansu alãmõmi na kasar mu.

Naryn-Kala: yawon shakatawa

Abin da kuke bukatar ganin yawon shakatawa, wanda ya ziyarci kagara kanka? Don bayyanãwa more na Ferris Khan fada na karni na sha takwas. Shi kuma za ta zama da ban sha'awa ya kalli wanka. Wannan ginshiki tsarin da aka raba biyu a manyan dakuna. Wadannan adjoins da dama kananan dakuna da vaulted rufin. Daraja a ziyarar da wani boye kurkuku-kurkuku. Wannan gini a goma sha zurfin mita yana cikin siffar wani jug. Gangaren ganuwar ba ba fursunoni babu hanyar hawa zuwa saman. A mafi kyau na duk ƙofofin da fada ne Orta-Qala a kudancin bango. Ya kamata kuma a saba da samar da ruwa tsarin na kagara. Kiyaye dutse da yumbu tube. Kuma a cikin Derbent mutane har yanzu samun su da ruwa daga marẽmari kuma Haibulah Dgiarchi-Bulakh da cewa ya zo daga dutsen marẽmari daga wani tsoho wandararre. Kuma ba shakka, ba za ka iya barin kagara, ba tare da ziyartar Juma Masallaci da tsoho Kirista coci.