Namomin kaza. The Red Littafi na Rasha

Namomin kaza ne na bayar da muhimmanci ga yanayin kasa. Bugu da kari, suna da hannu a cikin wurare dabam dabam na abubuwa, saki ragowar tsire-tsire da dabbobi, fungi ne mai muhimmanci na gina jiki da kuma symbiotic kwayoyin, musamman Basidiomycetes.

Namomin kaza Red Littãfi. Overview

Har kwanan nan, da microflora aka talauci gane, fungi a haɗe zuwa kananan darajar, kuma m lissafin kudi siffofin da aka ba su kiyaye. Bugu da kari ga gane nazarin halittu rarrabuwa, da kuma sauran namomin kaza ne: edible, wadanda ba edible, m, magani, da gandun daji da kwari da amfanin gona da kuma sauransu.

Rare namomin kaza Red littafin nazarin a "Tsire-tsire". Yana hada da 17 jinsunan fungi.

Grifola frondosa (naman gwari-rago tinder foliose) sparassis crispa (Naman kaza kabeji), mutinus ravenelii, Cortinarius violaceus, Rogatik pistillate (Rogatik claviform) gyroporus chestnut (kashtanovik ko chestnut naman kaza), Aspen fari Phallus Duplicatus (Diktiofora biyu), porphyrellus lozhnoberezovikovy, naman kaza laima girlish, strobilomyces strobilaceus, tinder branched (Grifola laima) gyroporus bluish (kurma), blackberry staghorn (Gorizia murjani) clathrus ruber (ja Klatrus), Amanita shishkoobrazny, Mu Tinus kare

Basidiomycetes da musamman Tsarin ga ayyukan da shawarwari - basidia. Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga jerin, duk da namomin kaza rajista a cikin Red Littãfi, koma kawai daya aji - agaricomycetes. Kawai mafi girma fungi ne a kan jerin.

Kasa shi ne gabatar da wani karin cikakken bayanin wasu nau'in.

Boletus fari (Leccinum percandidum)

Yana nufin da Department of Basidiomycetes, da aji agaricomycetes.

Amma duk da haka wannan naman gwari, ya shiga a cikin Red Littãfi, kira Osinovik fari. Kama da na kowa Aspen ja, amma yana da wani farin hula.

Hula iya isa 25 cm diamita, fari kafa, a kasa thickened - clavate. A tubular Layer ne yawanci fari, na iya zama dan kadan yellowish.

Aspen tsiro a gauraye Pine da spruce gandun daji.

Yana za a iya gani a CIS, musamman a cikin Murmansk, Moscow da kuma Birnin Leningrad yankuna na Rasha Federation. Yana da quite rare - da matsayi na 3R.

Fruiting farawa a tsakiyar watan Yuli da Agusta.

A naman kaza ne edible tare da m jiki, amma yana da daraja ambaton cewa naman gwari ne mai Red Littãfi, don haka shi ba zai iya tara.

Naman kaza-laima na farko (Macrolepiota puellaris)

Yana nufin da Department of Basidiomycetes, da aji agaricomycetes.

Wannan naman gwari nasa ne a gidan champignon, don haka shi ne edible.

Cap bakin ciki whitish, za a iya isa 10 cm a diamita. A kara ne bakin ciki sosai, amma high - har zuwa 16 cm.

Wannan naman gwari ke tsiro a kan gefuna gauraye gandun daji da kuma Pine gandun daji a cikin Yuli-Satumba. Amma, shi ne na girma daya, da wuya - kungiyoyin. Yana za a iya samu a ko'ina a Eurasia. Yana da quite rare - da matsayi na 3R.

Mutinus caninus (Lat. Mutinus caninus)

Yana nufin da sashen basidiomycota zuwa aji agaricomycetes.

A naman gwari yana da wani elongated siffar da wani m hat. 'ya'yan jiki tsawon ne 18 cm, diamita 1.5 cm kafa. A lokacin maturation naman gwari shi karya da kuma fallashi saman kodadde ruwan hoda tip.

A rare naman kaza - matsayi 3R, tsiro a Turai da kuma Arewacin Amirka. Ana iya gani a cikin coniferous gandun daji, mafi yawa a kan 'yan guda, da wuya kadai. Ya likes girma a kan banza snags, kututture rot, sawdust.

A naman gwari yana da wani takamaiman, ba sosai m wari cewa janyo hankalin kwari. Lokacin da beetles ko kwari gnaw ɓangare na naman gwari - Gleb, shi zai fara zuwa decompose sosai da sauri, a cikin 3-4 kwanaki daga Mutinusa kome ya rage.

A naman kaza ne edible, amma kawai a lokacin da shi ba tukuna cikakke - a cikin kwai harsashi.

Amanita shishkoobrazny (Amanita strobiliformis)

Duk da haka, wannan naman gwari ne ake kira "Amanita pineal".

Yana nufin da sashen basidiomycota zuwa aji agaricomycetes.

Wannan nau'in na lemar kwaxi yana da wani farin hula diamita na 18 cm, fari kara tsawo na 15-20 cm.

A cikin ƙasa na CIS kowa a Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Georgia, a Rasha ne kawai a cikin Belgorod yankin. Yana za a iya gani a gauraye gandun daji da itatuwa kamar Linden, Beech, itacen oak, tun Amanita ne su symbionts.

Fruiting farawa a watan Agusta da Satumba.

Wadannan namomin kaza ne rare Red Littãfi, saboda sosai wuya muhalli da yanayi (zafin jiki da kuma ƙasa).

M naman kaza.

Phallus Duplicatus (Dictiophora duplicata)

Wani sunan - Diktiofora biyu ko setkonoska.

Yana nufin da sashen basidiomycota zuwa aji agaricomycetes.

Naman kaza wani abu kama da mutinus caninus saboda A nasa guda HALITTAR - Veselka.

M shugaban ne duhu launin ruwan kasa, duhu launin toka launi lõkacin da cikakken cikakke. Fruit jiki ne elongated zuwa diamita na 5 cm da launi dabam dangane da maturation lokaci.

Ya ke tsiro a cikin rijiya-drained ƙasa, tare da Rotting itace singly, wani lokacin a kungiyoyin. Setkonosku za a iya samu a cikin Moscow yankin, Belarus da kuma sassa na Ukraine.

Diktiofora ne edible naman gwari, amma kawai a lokacin da ba tukuna fito daga kwai harsashi. Yana amfani a mutãne magani ga yawan cututtuka.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani, namomin kaza Red Littãfi ne ba kawai edible, amma kuma inedible da guba.