Mutumin zamani ta wuri a cikin tsarin da kwayoyin duniya

Masana kimiyya kira Anthropology tun da gabatarwar a Gabashin Afrika ta farko mutum kakanninmu siffofin (game da shekaru miliyan 1.7 da suka wuce) zuwa yau, kazalika da kokarin sanin wani mutum ta wurin a cikin kwayoyin duniya tsarin. A sakamakon wannan binciken shi ne halittar dukan rukuni na kimiyya tarbiyya: Anthropology, zamantakewa Psychology, socionics, wanda gabãta mutumin a matsayin abu na dabba duniya, qazanta tuna cewa shi ne quite na musamman kasancewa ruhaniya yanayi. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu amsa tambayar, abin da yake da wurin mutumin a cikin kwayoyin tsarin na duniya saboda ta biyuntakar ne mu hada siffofin na jiki da kuma dabara hali.

A taxonomic matsayi na Homo sapiens

Duk halitta da rayuwa a kan wannan duniya tamu, da kyau-tsare matsayi a cikin rarrabuwa tsarin yanayi. Bari mu dubi abin da yake cikin wurin mutumin a cikin kwayoyin duniya tsarin.

Empire - shi ne mai rinjaye din category. Shi ne ake kira rayuwa. Sa'an nan ya bi wani taxon kamar yankin (superkingdom). Rayuwa hada biyu superkingdom: prokaryotes da eukaryotes. Wani mutum ya shiga cikin yankin na eukaryotes (kwayoyin nukiliya). Wannan ne bi da dabba mulki, da irin Chordates, Dabbobi masu shayarwa aji infraclass Placental, mannyan birai, da hominid iyali, HALITTAR Mutane irin Homo sapiens. All zaune mutane, na kunshe a cikin sama taxonomic raka'a, ya samar da wata kafa da ake kira bil'adama.

Yadda za a tabbatar da dabba asalin mutum

Nazari da masana kimiyya da kuma taxonomists sun tabbatar da cewa mutumin a cikin kwayoyin duniya tsarin - wani aji na Dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda kuma ya hada da irin halittun dabbobi kamar Cats, karnuka Bats, hakori, Artiodactyla, da dai sauransu Duk da waje bambance-bambance .. tsarin, duk wakilan placental dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda ya hada da mutane, a can ne na kowa daga ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye. Wadannan sun hada da 4-jam'iyya zuciya, biyu dabam dabam, dumi-bloodedness. A overall tsarin da shirin na gaba da Hind kafafu, kazalika da su belts a dukan dabbobi na wannan taxon ne kama da mutum ilmin jikin mutum. Alal misali, da babba reshe a duk dabbobi masu shayarwa kunshi wani kafada, da ulna da radius da carpal kasũsuwa, ashe, metacarpal da phalanges.

Isasshe kama a cikin mutane da kuma dabbobi masu shayarwa placental rayuwa dauki. Alal misali, tsakiyan nonon hanyoyin gudanar da mahadi da mataki na narkewa kamar, (enzymes) oxygen kai ta ja da maikacin jini, da samuwar uric acid a matsayin karshen samfurin aiki excretory tsarin. Shin kowa sunadaran da neuro-humoral tsari na rayuwa. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa da mutum a cikin kwayoyin tsarin na duniya ne a hankali da alaka da vertabrate kunshe a cikin Dabbobi masu shayarwa aji.

Jujjuyawar shaida dabba yanayi na mutum

Ba kawai sakamakon a vangaren tiyata da kuma Physiology nazarin ya nuna cewa muna da kowa asalin tare da dabba duniya. Tsanani shaida wannan al'amari ne da karatu a fagen embryology, nazarin tayi na ci gaba vertabrate daga kifi zuwa superclass aji na dabbobi masu shayarwa. Biogenetic dokar tsara ta Haeckal da kuma F. Müller, shiga cikin tarihi cigaban kowane jinsin da yanayin halitta na juya na mutum guda. All vertebrate dabbobi, ciki har da mutane, ana gudanar a cikin embryogenesis daga cikin kwai mataki, guda Layer amfrayo - blastula amfrayo da kuma biyu-Layer kunshi ectoderm da indodem - gastrula.

A farkon matakai na raya kasa ba tare da togiya chordate tãyuna da gill slits, mai wutsiya da wani irin jiki siffar. Wannan hidima a matsayin hujja da cewa mutum a cikin kwayoyin tsarin na duniya ne kusa da dabbobi. Haka kuma, masana kimiyya da dama imani da cewa duk ƙasar vertabrate samo asali daga sananniyar kakanninmu siffofin.

Rudiments da atavism

Tare da irin wannan tarbiyya kamar yadda kamanta Anatomy, ka ayyana da mutum ta wurin a cikin kwayoyin tsarin na duniya, a matsayin tsarin da jiki da kuma mutum gabobin a dabbobi masu shayarwa za ka iya ganin wata hujja connection. Alal misali, appendix - a rudiment, mai gaskatãwa ga abin da magabata mana sun herbivorous dabba siffofi. Kuma ko da yake shi rasa da muhimmancin a narkewa mutum ya ci gaba da yi muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rashin lafiya na cellulose da sauran zata tsage-hoofed dabbobi daga herbivores. Wannan alãma a matsayin na uku fatar ido, ba ya yi wani aiki a jikin mutum na view, shi taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aji na dabbobi masu rarrafe vertabrate kamar macizai.

Shi ne rudimentary a cikin mutane kunne tsoka, don haka da pinna ne kusan immobile. Amma a cikin domin Carnivora, wannan tsoka kungiyar ne sosai raya, da samar da su tare da kula da kuma fuskantarwa a cikin yanayi.

Atavism: bayyanar da wutsiya, multimammate, m girma na gashi a kan fuska da kuma sauran sassa na jiki na - nuna wurin mutumin a cikin tsarin da kwayoyin duniya view of ta dabba da asali.

Sifofin hade tare da tafiya da kafa biyu

tsaye hali sabon abu da ya kai ga zargin wani fasali a cikin ilimin Halittar Jiki tsarin da jikin mutum. Alal misali, S-dimbin yawa kashin baya siffar, wanda qara sassauci da kuma softens duka kuma girgiza a tafiya, kuma yanã tafiya da gaggãwa, cupped siffar da kafafuwa, wanda gidaje da kayan ciki, musamman tsarin da kafar - yana da wani sa da cewa samar da cushioning da kuma kariya ga ƙananan wata gabar jiki a lokacin da tafiya. Duk wadannan siffofin ne na musamman da mutane da kuma ba su samu a wani jinsin dabba. Wannan ya nuna wani wuri na musamman a cikin zamani adam duniya kwayoyin tsarin da ya raba shi daga sauran 'yan dabba mulkin.

Social dalilai juyin halittar mutum

Tafiya da Kafa ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban da mutum mutum. Upper reshe - a hannunka - warware daga cikin ayyuka na motsi da kuma fara yin amfani da su na yin m da hadaddun ayyukan: haruffa, aiki mataki, wasa kida, da dai sauransu A ikon cire da kuma amfani da wuta a matsayin kariya, kuma domin shiri na wani thermally sarrafa abinci gaba daya .. Yana rabu da mambobi ne na Homo sapiens daga wasu dabbobi, da alama wani na kwarai mutum a cikin kwayoyin duniya tsarin.

A ci gaba da tunani da kuma magana

A amfani da wucin gadi kayan aikin da rayuwa a cikin m al'ummomin sun sa a cikin samuwar wani qualitatively daban-daban yi sigina tsarin, wanda ya bambanta daga "dabba harshe". Wahala interneural lambobin sadarwa a hagu yammancin duniya da kuma frontal lobe (Wernicke ta yankin da kuma Broca) bayar da kunnawa da yankunan da fahimtar da kuma mota skills na magana. A ikon hadaddun shafi tunanin mutum da ayyukan: bincike, kira, abstraction - shi ne sakamakon juyin halittar mutum - anthropogenesis. Yana haifar da samuwar na zamani da nazarin halittu jinsunan Homo sapiens.

Juyin halittar mutum da dual halitta mutum

Da yake ina da wani ɓangare na dabi'a da kuma batun ta juyin halitta ci gaban al'umma a matsayin dukan, kazalika da kowane mutum guda, shi ne wani tunani da ya zamantakewa gami da sun ci gaba a sakamakon tarihi, addini da kuma al'adu da halaye daban-daban adam alƙarya. Wannan kimiyya horo a matsayin sociobiology, wanda shi ne da gaske a tari na jinsi, ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a, ilmin halitta, Psychology, kokarin danganta cikin dukan Buddah na zabin yanayi, aiki a cikin yanayi, tare da zalla mutum mamaki kamar sadaukarwa da al'adu. Su ne marinjãya a cikin mutum halayya martani da kuma sa ta m bambanci daga reflexes da dabba gabbai.

Al'ummar duniya da kuma ta zamantakewa model

Ma'ana kimantawa da rawar da nazarin halittu bangaren juyin halittar mutum, amma kuma saboda kusa dangane da yanayi, dole ne mu tuna cewa duk na sama facts tabbatar da cewa Homo sapiens cikin anthropogenesis kafa karkashin dokar ci gaban al'umma, suka yi karatu ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a, zamantakewa kimiyya, Psychology . mutum dangantaka da dabba duniya za a fili a ganin irin wannan kimiyya a matsayin ilmin halitta. Da sa mutumin da a cikin kwayoyin tsarin na duniya ne na musamman, tun da shi ne ya ke da wani dual dabba.

An nuna wannan ta duk na sani na ruhaniya da kuma falsafa theories cewa sun taso a zamanin da Babila, Girka da kuma Roman Empire. Suka canza da kuma fito a matsayin ideas na addinan duniya: yahudawa, Kiristanci, Musulunci da kuma addinin Buddha. The most cibiyoyin duniya wayewar tashi a kan tushen tattalin arziki a tsakaninsu. Godiya a gare su, akwai aka kuma kafa musamman nau'i na rayuwa a duniya, da ake kira bil'adama.