Monument zuwa Catherine a Odessa da kuma sauran birane

Wannan bangare na al'adun kasar da aka located a cikin shahararrun Catherine Square na birnin, located a kudancin Ukraine. Kusa da shi, kuma tsaye wani abin tunawa daga Catherine Mai girma Sahabbai, kuma a hade, da kuma cikin wadanda suka kafa Odessa - de flounces, de Ribas, Potemkin da kuma hakora.

A pedestal da aka gina a shekarar 1900 da kuma dismantled a 1920. A shekara ta 2007 akwai sabuntawa na tunawa, wanda ya sa wani tsanani siyasa komabaya.

Facts daga tarihi na tunawa

Kamar yadda aka sani, a 1794 a umurnin da Catherine II ya fara gina tashar jiragen ruwa birnin, daga baya ya kira Odessa. Bayan shekaru 200, da mazaunan wannan gari gina wani gini a cikin girmamawa ga Empress, wanda aka sanya a kan eponymous square. Sai Bolsheviks zo da iko, da aka yanke shawarar rarraba. Mutummutumai de Volan, de Ribas, Potemkin da kuma hakora - to kai gida tarihin gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma mutum-mutumi na Catherine Great - ya hallaka.

A shekarar 1965, a kan wannan Catherine Square gina wani sabon abin tunawa, wanda aka sadaukar domin da 60th tunawa da boren da matuƙan na almara jirgin ruwa na soja "Potemkin".

2007 aka alama ta cewa birnin hukumomi sun yanke shawarar sake tunawa zuwa Catherine a Odessa a matsayin haraji ga wadanda suka kafa wannan birni. Tallafa wa na aikin da aka yi da R. Tarpan (birnin majalisa memba). Monument "Potemkintsam - zuriyarsa" sun koma cikin kwastan yankin. Mutummutumai da Catherine II, da kuma ta sahabbai koma zuwa ga rightful wuri. Saboda farkon asarar da abin tunawa (Empress na shugaban) da aka yanke shawarar samar da samarwar abu sake.

Abin da ya juya da grand bude na tunawa

A watan Oktoba na wannan shekara da aka gabatar da su ga 'yan asalin abin tunawa ga Catherine Mai girma. Wannan taron da aka tare da wani taron gangami da magoya bayan da kuma abokan adawar na Tarurrukan na al'adu na kasar.

Ukrainian nationalists tun farko ya isa kokarin rushe yi na tunawa da sa wuta cushe Empress da kuma fa] a da jami'an tsaro. Su, bi da bi, an shiryar da shi, a cikin ra'ayi, da hujjojin da na labarin cewa empress zargi narkar Sich da ya ko da yaushe amsa kamar yadda wani "Executioner na Ukrainian mutane."

Ta yaya wannan abin tunawa

2 tunawa zuwa Catherine a Odessa aka gina a cikin square daga cikin wannan sunan ne da daidaituwa ba. Shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau wurare a cikin birnin. Catherine ta yankin, tare da wani tarihi abin tunawa daga cikin gungu da Potemkin matakala, ko fiye daidai da babba part (da na yau da kullum suna hade da nasarar da fim Eisenstein). Ta gina wani tagulla abin tunawa ga Duke - Duke de Richelieu (Gwamna-Janar na Odessa a 1805-1814 gg.).

Layi daya matakai Potemkin Matakai reconstituted kawai ta asali zane da aka sani funicular da ciwon biyu wagon cewa slide alternately a biyu kwatance - up, saukar. Su maye gurbin da kafa a lokacin Soviet zamanin escalators da suke zaman banza saboda lalacewar fiye da cikakken koma. A halin yanzu, da abun ciki na waya mota dauke da magajin garin ofishin wurare, kuma shi hau free.

Muhimmancin da ake mayar da tarihi abin tunawa

Potemkin matakala ta gangara hade da ginin na Maritime Station, kazalika da damar yin amfani da picturesque quays, wanda sake daji fasinja liners daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Duk na sama halitta guda gine-gine gungu tarihi. Don sake tunawa zuwa Catherine a Odessa da sahabbansa - yana nufin a gudanar da matakai na farko wajen maido da mafi muhimmanci gine-ginen na Odessa tarihi tsakiyar birnin wanda yana da matukar m baya.

Biography of Catherine mai girma

A baya can, ta kasance mai gimbiya na Jamus sarauta na Anhalt-Zerbst. Sunanta ya Sophia Augusta Frederica. Ta aka kawo a 1744 a Rasha da kuma aure. Ta da ita ya magaji zuwa Rasha kursiyin, Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich. Wannan ya biyo ta Tabbatarwa, a cikin abin da Sophia Augusta Frederica aka yi musu baftisma da Kirista sunan Catherine A .. Ta sosai da sauri lashe juyayi na biyu kotu, kuma dukan tsare.

Bugu da ari, ta hanyar Catherine A. Guard, da 'yan'uwansa Gregory kuma Alekseya Orlovyh, wanda ya jagoranci mãkirci, birkice kursiyin Kaisar Peter III da ya miji. Kuma a 1762 aka lashe a karkashin sunan mai girma Catherine II.

Da isa yabo na Empress

Su za a iya harhada a cikin wadannan jerin, wato:

1. Yana ya bayar da wani caste na manya gata.
2. A lokacin da ta sarautar cika baƙauye yaki, wanda ya zama shugaba na Emelyan Pugachev.
3. A wannan zamanin sarautar Catherine mai girma a Rasha da aka a haɗe: Crimea, da Northern Caucasus, Northern Black Sea Coast, Belarushiyanci, Lithuanian da kuma West Ukrainian asashe.
4. Bisa ga umurnin Empress, shi da aka soke hetman Ukraine.
5. tsiyacewa Zaporizhzhya Sich da aka samar.
6. Kafa Black Sea Cossacks. A cikin doka bangare na shugabanninta aka daidaita tare da nobility.
7. Catherine II kafa wani kiwon lafiya koleji da kuma gina fiye da dozin asibitoci.
8. By lokacin ta sarautar hada da gabatarwar lamba da smallpox.
9. a dukan cibiyar sadarwa na mafaka ga marãyu da aka halitta.
10. A lokacin da ta sarautar kafa ta kasar na farko Rasha Academy of Sciences.

An sani cewa na karshe shekaru na rayuwa na Empress Catherine II ya ciyar a kan kulawa da halitta birni mai suna Odessa shi. Yana nemi su da yawan jama'ar da aka yawanci kasa da kasa. Kullum saka idanu da gina Odessa da kuma samar da duk zai yiwu, kuma abu da kuma halin kirki goyan baya.

Saboda haka, babu wanda bãbu shakka a cikinsa na da correctness na yanke shawarar sake kafa tarihi darajar a matsayin abin tunawa ga Catherine 2. A Odessa, aka gina shi a kan dama.

Ta yaya da dorewar memory na Empress Podolsk

Ta tunawa da aka gina a cikin Satumba 2008 a eponymous square. Its musamman fasalin abubuwa sa'an nan a matsayin wakilta Empress - a wurin aiki, da bambanci ga abin da aka nuna a cikin abin tunawa ga Catherine Odessa - alfahari neman a kasa na mutane wucewa.

Authors kama a lokacin da ta sanya hannu da wani muhimmanci daftarin aiki - umurnin Oktoba 5, 1781, a da Empress umurce da kafa birnin Podolsk. Wannan abin tunawa tsaye da sakamakon hadin gwiwa Aleksandra Rozhnikova da kuma Nicholas Pestova. Don zama daidai, da sosai ra'ayin na tarihi darajar nasa Pestova, da kuma} unshi shi Rožnik. Aƙalla biyu ton Tã tagulla abin tunawa ga Catherine. Podolsk, ko da yake ba a birni wanda shi ya kafa, amma ta bayar da Empress kawo babba ci gaba.

St. Petersburg: wani abin tunawa ga Catherine

Wannan tarihi al'adunmu aka nuna a cikin Arewacin babban birnin kasar. A St. Petersburg, a kan shahara Ostrovsky Square a 1873 da aka gina wani gini a Catherine II. A ra'ayin don ƙirƙirar wani abin tunawa ga Catherine a St. Petersburg zo a karni bayan zuwan da Empress a kan karaga.

A mawallafa wannan sassaka sanya ta shahara Rasha artists kuma sculptors: Mikhail Mikeshin, Matvey Chizhov, Alexander Opekushin, kazalika da gine-ginen - Dzhozef m da kuma Victor Shterer. Stone ga yi na dutse pedestal aka kawo musamman daga gaba na Karelian Isthmus. Domin wannan shi ya zama dole a shawo kan hanya a kan ruwa dama har zuwa St. Petersburg Neva River. Ya sadar da dutse da hakkin wuri, ya wajaba don sa reluwe waƙoƙi.

Sassaka Empress tsawo na 4,35 m. The tunawa zuwa Catherine II gabatar da falalen mutum-mutumi. A ta hannun dama ta riqe sandan, da kuma hagu - a Laurel wreath. A ƙafafunta, warin located Crown na Rasha Empire, da kuma a kan kirji - da Order of Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Sahabban Empress

Su Figures ne a kasa zagaye pedestal, musamman:

• mawãƙi da dattaku Gavrila Derzhavin.
• Rasha soja Count Alexei Orlov-Chesmensky.
• dattaku Count Pyotr Rumyantsev.
• babban Rasha kwamandan kuma mu kasa gwarzo Alexander Suvorov.
• dattaku da kuma fi so daga cikin Empress Grigory Potemkin .
• Rasha Explorer kuma Admiral Vasily Chichyagov.
• Princess Ekaterina Dashkova.
• Shugaban na mallaka Academy of Arts Ivan Betskoi.
• diflomasiyyar Alexander Bezborodko.

Yana yanke shawarar sake tunawa zuwa Catherine a Simferopol

Ya aka tsarkake a cikin Oktoba 1890 Wannan abin tunawa ne wakilta wani mutum-mutumi na empress a kan wani pedestal. Kusa da mutum-mutumi na Catherine II na abũbuwan shirkinmu ne: G. Potemkin-Tauride, V. Dolgorukov-Krymsky, Alexander Suvorov da I. Bulgakov. Suka sa mai yawa kokarin zuwa Crimea ya zama wani ɓangare na Rasha Empire, da kuma a kan sashin bayyana a Simferopol.

Wannan lokacin rani, da magajin gari na birnin aforesaid sanar da yanke shawarar mayar da wannan tarihi darajar. Taimaka a aiwatar da recreating tunawa samarwa sculptor Zurab Tsereteli.

A sabuwar mayar da abin tunawa ga Empress a Krasnodar

Yana da aka asali gina a 1907, da kuma a 1920 - halakãsu da Bolsheviks. Monument zuwa Catherine Krasnodar mayar da kuma ayi kasafi da bayyana a cikin 2006

Yana da aka tsara a cikin girmamawa ga 200th tunawa da Kuban Cossack Army (1895), wani shahararren ɗan wasa da kuma sculptor Mihailom Mikeshinym. A grand bude na tarihi al'adunmu ya faru a watan Mayu 1907

A matsayin abin tunawa ga Catherine a Odessa, wannan abin tunawa ne wakilta wani mutum-mutumi na empress a kan wani pedestal. Ta ado a gidan sarauta shunayya, da rike da sandan da kuma sarari suKe. A facade na pedestal gabatar da Yarjejeniya zuwa 1792. A hagu na Catherine II a bango na daban-daban yaƙi flags da kuma soja alamomin nuna Duke da kuma ta fi so Potemkin-Tauride, da dama - na farko mashãwarta Cossack Anton Holovaty, Zahariy Chepega Sidor da kuma fadar White. A baya na tunawa da aka wakilta makafi Kobzar tare da shiryarwa da kuma jerin nasarori da aka lashe ta Rasha tare da sa hannu na Kuban Cossacks.

A sabuwar halitta abin tunawa - aikin sculptor Alexander Kuban Apollo. A lokacin da masana'antu tsari na tunawa ya shiryar da hasashe tagulla asali, kazalika da model, zane da Siyasa takardun. Wannan abin tunawa aka sanya a cikin bitar da art simintin gyaran kafa Rostov University.