MISALI idioadaptation dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke

Idioadaptation, tare da aromorphosis, shi ne daya daga cikin babban juyin matakai na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Ba kamar da karshen, shi na taimaka wa bayyanar shuke-shuke da dabbobi ba kowa, da kuma musamman canje-canje da za a iya alaka da Gwargwadon fasali na yankin da mazauninsu da kuma sauran abubuwan da waje muhalli.

haskakawa misali

A mafi daukan hankali misali idioadaptation tsakanin halittu masu rai - ne Yaduwar alaka nau'in a daban-daban Categories, kuma sau da yawa contrasting latitudinal zones. Wannan ne musamman lura a canine da kerkẽci. Wakilainsu za a iya samu a kusan dukkan sassa na duniya, daga Arctic da yammacin sahara zone. Kuma duk godiya ga samuwar jinsin idioadaptatsy daban-daban, da kuma wannan muhimmanci rage gasar tsakanin su.

iri idioadaptation

Dangane da canje-canje a cikin tsarin da jiki da kuma rai matakai aka yarda ware wadannan iri idioadaptation:

• Bisa ga jiki tsari. Wadannan na'urori suna hade da canji na wata gabar jiki, gabobin ko kuma na dukan jiki, dangane da yanayin da ƙasa, da irin abincin da, gaban interspecific da intraspecific gasar (musamman samar da kifi ta jiki, dogon wuyansa raƙumin dawa, atrophied fuka-fuki na tsuntsaye).
• Color. Skin launi canji na iya zama yanayi ko dogara ne a kan yanayin da kwayoyin. Idioadaptation daukan hankali misali ne "hunturu" da kuma "rani" kala hare. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu a ware da hawainiya, da octopi cewa canza launi dangane da yanayi zazzabi, idan tsoro ko barazana abokin gaba. Wasu kwayoyin da sosai haske, haifar da launi gamut na epidermis. Wannan shi ake kira a "gargadi" launi. Ta sau da yawa za a iya samu a kan m dabbobi masu rarrafe da kwari. Shi ne kuma mai kyau misali idioadaptation - mimicry. Yana za a iya samu a cikin wadanda ba m namun daji. Su yi amfani da haske launuka don kare yara, haka yaudarar su.
• By da yanayin da motsi. Irin wannan na'urorin ya kafa a dabbobi fallasa da yanayi na dindindin mazauninsu. A kifi sun iska sacs cewa ba da damar su zauna a cikin ruwa, da forelimbs na like da walruses ya canza kama zuwa flippers, kuma tsuntsaye samu da keel da dogon ƙasũsuwa ga mai sauki da kuma m jirgin.
• Kiwo. Kamar yadda aka sani, akwai da dama iri haifuwa, wanda aka kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da yanayi da kuma juyin halitta. Wasu kwayoyin ne viviparous, kifi spawn, da abubuwa masu rarrafe sa qwai, da kuma kwari - larvae.
• Domin karbuwa ga muhalli da yanayi. Yana da sauki ne: dangane da yanayin damina, halitta yankin, wanda shi ne gida da jiki, da aka kafa ta daya ko wani idioadaptation. Misalai: subcutaneous mai wakilan iyakacin duniya fauna, yanayi Molina, raƙumi hump.

Idioadaptation dabbobi

Ka yi la'akari da mafi daukan hankali misalai idioadaptation dabbobi. Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa da mafi shahararren nau'in musamman adaptations za a iya gano anteater. Bakinsa ne a hankali canza kama zuwa wani akwati, wasu hakora atrophied kamar yadda ba dole ba, da kuma harshen da ya samu wani babba tsawon kuma elasticity. Wadannan metamorphoses aka sa ta peculiarities na da irin wannan abinci. Tare da irin wannan tsarin da muƙamuƙi Aardvark sauƙin don samun kuka fi so matuqar wahala qwarai - tururuwan da kuma kwari. Duk da haka, da kasawa da asali abinci shi ya zama sosai m, domin irin wannan tsarin da bakinka ƙwarai Narrows cikin kewayon yiwu abinci kafofin cewa zai iya barnatar da shafi da gwada yawa abun da ke ciki na yawan da kuma karfafa intraspecific gasar.

Daban-daban canje-canje a cikin tsarin da jiki mole - kamar yadda mai kyau misali idioadaptation. Ƙafafunsa sun saba da digging ƙasa, kunnuwa atrophied idanu ba su da ruwan tabarau da kuma akan tantanin ido saboda da rashin haske, da kaddarorin ulu da damar da dabba don matsawa a cikin kunkuntar karkashin kasa sashi a ko dai shugabanci.

Idioadaptation tsuntsaye

A general, mai girma bambancin da tsuntsaye a duniya a kanta ne sakamakon mahara na'urorin. Mun fukin tsuntsu fauna idioadaptation sau da yawa bayyana a cikin canji na sassa daban-daban na jiki. Alal misali, dangane da irin abinci, a daban-daban jinsunan tsuntsaye kiyaye ta sha bamban baki siffofi. A wurare masu zafi aku da toucans cewa sashi na jiki ya bambanta muhimmanci a cikin size da kuma massiveness, wanda damar da su zuwa saukin ci 'ya'yan itatuwa da babban kwayoyi. Beaks kananan tsuntsaye suna nuna da kuma elongated siffar ga hakar daga cikin manyan kafofin abinci - tsaba da kuma kwari.

Wani karin misali idioadaptation - canji na wata gabar jiki. Saboda haka waterfowl bayyana membrane, A U Orlov da shaho - iko fika farautar hakori. Har ila yau kula da fuka-fuki. A Jiminai da penguins ne wadanda ba babu saboda mazauninsu a filayen, kuma a wajen manyan nauyi.

Idioadaptation kifi

A streamlined siffar jiki da kuma gaban iska kumfa - zaman kansa canji muhimmi a kusan duk marine rayuwa. A lokaci guda saboda zaune a daban-daban zurfin, mutane da yawa sun fara zuwa ya bayyana idioadaptation mutum.

A babba yadudduka na teku, za ka iya samun wata babbar iri-iri na wurare masu zafi da kifi, amma su haske launuka suna da farko zamar masa dole ya mai da babban yawan iya shiga hasken rana. Kuma a nan, misali, kasa ma'abũta bambanta a cikin tsarin fasali. Suna saba da wani babban matsin ruwa shafi saboda da lebur siffar jiki (skates, zurfin).

Idioadaptation kwari

Kwari - rai, mafi yiwuwa ga idioadaptation. Su, kamar mutane da yawa microbes sun koyi yin tsayayya daban-daban m yanayin halitta da yanayi. A mafi bayyananne misali ne canza launi idioadaptation kwari. Bright chitin cover wasu iri yayi kashedin da yara na yawan guba. Amma m kwari samu irin wannan launi a matsayin zamba, amma a lokaci guda sosai tasiri magani.

Idioadaptation shuke-shuke

Dangane da ƙasa type, sauyin yanayi yanayi, kazalika da a ƙarƙashin rinjayar muhalli da yanayi kafa idioadaptation shuke-shuke. misalai:

• A hamada yankunan, inda a can ne wani gagarumin karancin ruwa da kuma babban adadin hasken rana radiation, shuke-shuke sun saba da tsira a kudi na mai tsawo da kuma wani sosai m tushen tsarin da kuma kananan ganye, an rufe shi da wata Layer na tukuru cuticle.
• A iyakacin duniya yankuna da tsire-tsire ba manya-manyan a size, kuma su girma kakar kusan halved, da kuma ganye - sosai kananan da kuma leathery.
• A Scotland yanayi shuke-shuke canza kama su leaf faranti, wanda sun zama sosai da fadi da kuma m, don haka kamar yadda ba su sha da wuce haddi ruwa.