Mene ne wani galaxy, da kuma abin da suke?

Waɗanda suke so a duba a cikin dare sama, tabbas lura da fadi da band tam warwatse iri-iri (mai haske, kawai m, blue, da fari, da dai sauransu) taurari. Wannan tari ne galaxy.

Mene ne wani galaxy? Daya daga cikin mafi girma da asirai na duniya ya ta'allaka ne da cewa m taurari ba su warwatse da ka a sarari, da kuma suna harhada cikin taurari. A yawa guda hanyar mutane zauna cikin birni, da barin wani sarari tsakanin ƙauyuka komai.

Duniya tamu shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin galaxy da Milky Way. Wasu sunayen taurari ne da aka sani: da Manyan da Kananan Magellanic girgije, da Andromeda Galaxy. Su za mu iya ganin da ido tsirara, yayin da wasu suke da matukar nisa daga duniya. Quite lokaci mai tsawo kasa gani a su da wasu taurari, ya juya daga yin kawai a cikin karni na 20th.

"Abin da yake a galaxy?" - wannan tambaya yana da dogon sha'awar masana kimiyya. Amma hakikanin nasara a wannan yanki ya faru a cikin marigayi karni na ashirin, a lõkacin da aka halitta da kuma kaddamar a cikin sarari kawo nesa kusa "Hubble".

Girman mu galaxy ne don haka babbar cewa ba shi yiwuwa a ko da tunanin. Daya dubu ɗari Duniya shekaru bukatar hasken katako don isa ta da daya karshen sauran. A cikin hedkwatarsu da aka located da tsakiya daga wanda dama rassan Bazuwar Lines cike da taurari. "Yawa" wannan shi ne kawai ya bayyana, a gaskiya suke located quite rare.

Akwai daban-daban na taurari. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin siffar, nauyi, size, kazalika da abubuwa kunshe. Su duk dauke da gas da kuma star ƙura. Akwai karkace, elliptical, sababbu, Sphere-kamar da sauran siffofin taurari.

Mene ne wani galaxy? Mene ne su shekaru? Ta yaya suka yi aiki? Abin da matakai ne a wurin? Su shekaru ne kamar daidai da shekaru na sararin samaniya. Domin masana kimiyya shi ne har yanzu asiri, abin da yake ainihin galaxy. An gano cewa wasu nuclei ne quite aiki. Wata mamaki, domin har wannan samu, an yi tunanin cewa tsakiya ne m tari na daruruwan miliyoyin taurari. Radiation (na gani, kuma rediyo) iya bambanta a wasu galactic tsakiya a cikin 'yan watanni. Wannan yana nufin cewa su saki wani babban adadin kuzari (yawa fiye da a supernova flash) a cikin wani gajeren lokaci.

A shekara ta 1963, saukar da wani sabon gaba daya abubuwa da cewa suna da wani star-dimbin yawa bayyanar Suna kira quasars. Su luminosity, kamar yadda ya juya waje, yanzu m luminosity taurari. Yana mamaki cewa kwarjinin quasars iya bambanta.

Samuwar taurari - shi ne halitta aiwatar da juyin halitta na sararin duniya, sunã gudãna a ƙarƙashin rinjayar gravitational sojojin. A iri-iri iri da kuma siffofi na taurari ne saboda da dama yanayi a da aka haife su. Matsawa daga cikin galaxy iya wuce biliyan 3. Years. A wannan lokaci, da gas ne a canji a cikin star tsarin. Yana da da matsawa na wani gas girgije kafa da taurari (a wani yawa da kuma yawan zafin jiki ishe Fusion matakai).

A hankali interstellar gas reserves ana tsautsayi, da kuma samuwar taurari zama ƙasa da zafin. A lokacin da duk albarkatun gaji, a karkace galaxy an canza kama zuwa lenticular, kunsha gaba ɗaya na ja taurari. Wannan mataki ne elliptical taurari wanda gas da albarkatun da aka kashe wani 15-20 biliyan. Shekaru da suka wuce.

Mutane da yawa suna da wani tunani na abin da wani galaxy an kafa na da yawa almarar kimiyya fina-finai, da heroes suke son su yi tafiya cikin expanses na sarari, ziyarci unknown taurari da kuma taurari. A gaskiya, wannan ba a shirya domin foreseeable nan gaba. Ko da idan muka matsa a gudun haske (wanda ba zai iya zama ma dogon), sa'an nan zuwa ga Andromeda Galaxy (mu mafi kusa galaxy) da muka samu ne kawai bayan miliyan 2.5 shekaru. Ko da yake (bisa ga lissafin Masana ilmin) gabatowa mu kuma a 4-5 shekaru biliyan, da fuskantar da mu Milky Way, wanda zai kai ga samuwar wani sabon elliptical galaxy.