Mene ne matsayi na Rockefellers na yau?

Sunan mahaifi Rockefeller dade synonymous da dũkiya. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, tun da shi ya kasance daga cikin daular na farko dollar billionaire a tarihi. Mutane sun ko da yaushe na son ya dauki sauran mutane ta kudi, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa mutane da yawa sun sha'awar wannan tambaya, abin da yake da jihar na Rockefeller a wannan lokacin.

A daidai amsar da aka sani kawai zuwa ga zaɓaɓɓun, amma don su zubar da haske a kan asalin dukiyar wannan sanannen iyali zai iya taimaka da wannan labarin.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

Dzhon Rokfeller, wanda jihar a lokacin da shiga} uruciyarsa kusan daidaita biyu na dala xari, an haife shi a 1838 a garin Richford ne dake kusa da New York City, kuma shi ne na biyu na shida yara na Uilyama Everi Rockefeller da kuma Louise Selyanto.

Mahaifinsa a cikin matasa aiki a matsayin lumberjack, amma a kan lokaci shi ya zama a kowace hanya don kauce wa nauyi jiki aiki, kuma ya kasance da "Botanical likita." Domin watanni ya kasance a kan hanya, da sayar da dukan ganye da kwayoyi, ba tare da kulawa ga matarsa rashin biyan bukata, wanda in babu mijinta kawai gudanar da babban taron na yara da ba su sani ba yadda za a yi iyakar saduwa.

Duk da haka, a kan lokaci, William ya iya sami kudi kadan da kuma saya ƙasar. Sauran tanadi ya kashe a daban-daban Enterprises. A lokaci guda ya kasance mai burge amfani da ɗansa John wa harkokin kudi. Duk wani sosai matasa, shekaru, mai haske yaron so su san duk cikakkun bayanai daga mahaifinsa ma'amaloli da kullum pestered shi da tambayoyi. Riga ya fara tasawa, Rockefeller da dumi tunanin William, wanda, ya ce, sanar da shi "saya da kuma sayar da ... da kuma horas ... to wadãtar."

Yadda tada billionaire

Dzhon Rokfeller, wanda jihar ne daidai $ 1 biliyan a 1905, shekaru 7 sun haƙa dankali da makwabta da kuma feed turkeys for sale. Kawai koya rubuta da kuma karanta, ya fara wani littafin rubutu, wanda rubuta duk abin da ya kudi da kuma kudi kudin shiga. Kudi ya lura a ain piggy banki da kuma bai so a su ciyar da ita a kan trifles. A shekaru 13 na haihuwa ya riga ya mai kananan Naira Miliyan Xari, wanda a yarda da matasa kasuwa zuwa makwabcin-manomi a bashi na $ 50 a karkashin yanayin biya 7.5 cent annum.

Tare da babban rashin so, John tafi makaranta, inda ya bai son shi, saboda koyo ya wuya. Duk da haka, ta samu nasarar kammala Rockefeller, kuma ya kasance a kwalejin dalibi a Cleveland ta specialization "Harsashen na kasuwanci." Ba da da ewa, saurayin ya gane cewa ba lallai ba ne su kashe kudi, da kuma 4 shekaru na rayuwa don samun wannan ilimi da zai samar da wani 3-watan lissafin kudi darussa.

aiki

Dzhon Devison Rokfeller (yanayin a lokacin mutuwa ya 1.4 dala biliyan) ya riga ya fara neman na yau da kullum aiki a shekaru 16. A takardar kammala lissafin kudi darussa da kyau ilimi na lissafi a yarda da shi ya zama wani ma'aikaci na kamfanin Hewitt & Tuttle, wanda aka tsunduma a cikin dukiya da kuma Maritime kai. The saurayi da sauri tabbatar da kanta a m sana'a, da kuma ƙarshe sanya aiki tsalle daga akawu taimako ga manajan darakta. Duk da haka, Rockefeller zarar gano cewa ya gada aka biya $ 2,000, alhãli kuwa shi - kawai 600. Ya nan da nan ya bar Hewitt & Tuttle kuma taba zama wani ma'aikaci.

Kafa nasa kasuwanci

Rokfeller Devid, wanda jihar a lokacin da aka sani kawai $ 800, bai zama daga aiki. Ya ya iya koyi da cewa daya daga cikin abokansa neman abokin tare da babban birnin kasar na 2000 daloli. Sauran adadin saurayin da ya dauki daga ubansa guda a 10% annum kuma ya zama junior abokin tarayya a cikin 1857, a kamfanin "Dzhon Morris Clark da Rochester." Tun farkon yakin basasa a cikin wannan kananan kamfanin ciniki a hatsi, hay, nama da sauran kayan da aka kyau kwarai al'amurra, tun Amurka gwamnatin tarayya halitta bukatar manyan sikelin-kayayyakin abinci zuwa samar da sojojin.

A bayyane yake cewa farkon-up babban birnin kasar domin ci gaban kamfanin bai isa ba. Duk da haka, buga da damar samun arziki a kan soja ba a, zai zama wauta. Saboda haka, kamfanin, daya daga wanda masu ya Rockefeller da aka bukata bashi. Yana da aka samu godiya ga John matsayin matasa kasuwa tare da gaskiya sanya wani sosai tabbatacce ra'ayi a kan darektan na banki.

nasara aure

Yau, da yawa talakawa mutane, ya kawo har kan m mujallu, sun yi mamaki a lokacin da suka ga matan billionaires, da na waje na wanda, a saka shi mai laushi, da nisa daga kasancewa a model. A daidai wannan lokaci ba su ma yi tunanin yawa game da abin da muhimmiyar rawa a yi wasa mai kaifin mace a sana'arsu, kazalika da kayan haɓɓaka aiki da kuma adana babban birnin kasar a cikin mijinta. A bisa cikakken shafi Rockefeller matar. Kafin aure da wani saurayi alamar kasuwan Lora Selestina Spelman, wanda iya wuya a kira wani kyakkyawa, ta kasance a makaranta, kuma yana da wani matsanancin taƙawa. Suka sadu da a lokacin da gajeren dalibi Rockefeller, amma aure kawai 9 shekaru. Ta ja hankalin Yahaya ya yi taƙawa, m hankali, da kuma cewa tunãtar da shi ga mahaifiyarsa. Kamar yadda gane da Rockefeller ba tare da Sovetov Lory, ya zai yi "zauna matalauta".

Kudi a Oil

Wuya a yi ĩmãni ba, amma har cikin tsakiyar karni na 19th, da baki zinariya da aka sosai low bukatar. Duk da haka, shi yana cikin kayayyaki a sayar da abin da aka sanya a sararin arziki na Rockefellers.

The kafa daular da wani unrivaled kasuwanci hankali, kuma a lõkacin da suke ƙirƙira kananzir fitilu, da sauri gane abin da al'amurra za su kasance wanda zai yi a hannuwansu da kasuwanci samar da man fetur da kuma refining. Rockefeller zama sha'awar rahotanni na baki zinariya ajiya, wanda a 1859 samu Edvin Dreyk kuma sadu da wani sunadarai Sama'ila Andrews. A karshen amince da kai a kan kimiyya da fasaha al'amurran da aikin da kuma zama wani abokin tarayya a cikin sabon kasuwanci. m "Andrews da kuma Clark" ya dauki sama da yi a Cleveland matata "lebur" da aka zarar kafa. Daga baya, ta yi girma a cikin wani kamfanin Standard Oil.

Asiri na nasara

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, a lokacin da jihar na Rockefeller iyali fara tashi sharply saboda da kasuwanci bisa man fetur. Duk da haka, kafin wannan ya faru, Yohanna ya dauki wasu matakan. A takaice, ya lura da cewa, duk wanda ya yi kokarin aiki a cikin wannan filin, mukaddashin gargada da inefficiently.

Abu na farko da Rockefeller halitta shatan na kamfanin, kuma ya tilasta ma'aikata, ya ƙi biya, bada hannun jari na kamfanin. Saboda haka, duk ma'aikacin da aka sha'awar nasarar kasuwanci ba da da ewa yana da kyau tasiri a kan ta albashi.

Sai na fara saya daya kananan kamfanin, kokarin mayar da hankali a hannayensu duk da arzikin man fetur kasuwanci. Bugu da kari, Rockefeller amince da Railway ƙananan farashin ga harkokin sufuri kayayyakin Standard Oil. A musamman, domin kai na daya ganga na mai kamfanin jirgin 10, kuma ta fafatawa a gasa - .. 35 aninai, watau, fiye da sau 3 more. Ba da da ewa, suka fuskanci wani zabi: ko dai ci tare Standard Oil, ko lalata. Mai kasuwanci masu, ba tare da tunanin sau biyu, ya zaɓi ya yi da Rockefeller da tayin a musayar wani gungume.

Mai mogul N 1

By 1880, a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin Rockefeller da aka mayar da hankali 95% na Amurka mai samar. Bayan da zama a kenkenewa, Standard Oil Company nan da nan sharply tãyar da farashin. Ba da da ewa ta gane kamar yadda arziki a duniya a wancan lokacin. A sa'an nan jihar na Rockefeller iyali ya zama abin ba'a, da su da suna - wata alama ce ta dũkiya.

A karshen kenkenewa

Amirkawa, suka yi ko da yaushe mamakin abin da jiha da Rockefeller a wannan lokacin, nan da nan siffa cewa sun kasance a cikin wani tarko Mr. Dzhona Devisona, kuma a yanzu farashin man fetur za ta dogara ne a kan ƙauna. A wannan batun shi da aka soma antitrust Sherman dokar.

Rockefeller ta Standard Oil da za a raba ta 34 kananan kamfanoni. A duk su kiyaye a kasuwa iko kan gungumen azaba, kuma ko da kara su babban birnin kasar. A sakamakon haka, a karkashin wani irin sanannun kamfanoni, irin su ExxonMobil da Chevron. Dukiyoyinsu da kuma a yau ne a mahimmin juzu'in abin da Rockefellers mallakar (as na yau - fiye da uku biliyan).

Status na Rockefeller kabila a karshen karni na 19th

Bugu da kari ga mai kasuwanci, a shekara ya kawo $ 3 da miliyan. Kasuwa mallakar dogo 16 da 6 karfe kamfanonin, 9 kamfanonin, dukiya ciniki, shipping kamfanoni 6, 9 bankuna da kuma 3 orange Ashtarot.

Ko da yake iyali ya rayu kage, su ba sa dũkiyõyinsu a kan nuni, kamar yadda sauran New York miliyoyi daga 5th Avenue. A wannan jiha na Rockefeller ya kasance kullum da batun tsegumi. Sun tattauna da villa "Pocantico Hills," kuma ƙasar a cikin 283 kadada a Cleveland, kuma alatu gidajensu a Florida da New York, kazalika da golf a New Jersey da sauransu.

yara

Rockefeller ya so ya rayu ya zama shekaru 100 da haihuwa, amma bai rayu har zuwa wannan lokaci na shekaru uku, ya mutu daga wani ciwon zuciya a watan Mayu 1937.

Ya sosai tsananin kawo yara, kokarin qarfafa a su girmama for kudi da kuma bin su sunã tsirfatãwa. Daya daga 'ya'yansa mata, ya nada darektan, kuma ta gan su yana cewa ɗan'uwanmu, kuma' yar'uwar ba m wajen gudanar da aikinsu. A wannan yanayin, domin kowane aiki a gida yara suna bayar da wani takamaiman lada, amma ga jinkirta - ci tarar.

Game da kowane pampering a The Rockefeller iyali ya fita daga cikin tambaya. A musamman, kamar yadda manya, su tuna yadda wata rana mahaifinsa ya so ya ba su a kan babur, amma mahaifiyata shawarce ni in saya daya ga duk yara a iya raba tare da juna.

The kawai dan Dzhona Devisona D. Rockefeller, wanda ya kasance mai cikakken takwara na ubansa, ya wajaba cikakken ya fatan. Bai yi kokarin yin wani m karru, kuma ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga iyali da kuma kasancewa da amfani ga al'umma. Amma ga mata da maza, daya daga cikinsu ya mutu a wani matasa shekaru, wani - mahaukaci, kuma kawai Alta da ethidium rayu tsawon rai, to wadãtar da danginsa sabon sadarwa.

Dzhon Devison Rokfeller, Jr.

Bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, ya ba shi, wasiyya na $ 460 da miliyan, ya ciyar da yawa daga cikin arziki to sadaka. A musamman, an qaddamar da Yahaya na New York ya zama hedkwatar MDD. Yi gine-gine ga kungiyar akwai Rockefeller, Jr. a cikin adadin $ 9 da miliyan. John yana da 'ya'ya shida. Sun samu daga ubansa a jihar daidaita 240 da dala miliyan.

Margaret Rockefeller Strong

Ba mutane da yawa san cewa Dzhon Devidson Jr. ya ba mutumin da ya gaji mafi mahaifinsa kudi. Status Rockefeller, wanda aka kiyasta a $ 1.4 biliyan a 1937, ko kuma wajen fiye da rabin da shi, suka tafi da jikanyar ya kafa daular, Margaret. Yarinyar mace 'yar Bessie Rockefeller da Charles A. Strong. Manyan kudade na gado kamar yadda yara samu Margaret da Medical Research Institute tushen ta girma kakan.

Jikoki a kai tsaye namiji line

A Dzhon Devisona D. Rockefeller, Jr., ya 'ya'ya shida. 'Yar Abby kamar yadda ta ɗan'uwansa Yahaya, suka babbar Mataimakan jama'a.' Godiya a gare su, aka kafa da yawa tushe da kungiyoyi, ciki har da na Cibiyar Pacific Relations, da sauransu. Special nasarori kai Nelson Rockefeller, wanda shi ne mataimakin shugaban Amurka a 1974-1977 shekaru. Wani jikan na Rockefeller - Winthrop - yana mulkin Arkansas.

David Rockefeller: jihar a yau da kuma taƙaitaccen biography

A mafi tsufa memba na iyalin da aka haife shi a New York a 1915. Shi ne na karshe daga cikin 'ya'yan Dzhona Devidsona Rockefeller Jr. A 1936 ya sauke karatu daga jami'ar Harvard, kuma aka sa'an nan ya aiko don nazarin a London School of Economics. A 1940, John kare rubutun a kan "sauran albarkatun da kuma tattalin arziki da asarar" da kuma samu digiri na uku a tattalin arziki. A wannan shekarar ya ya fara aiki a jama'a sabis, zama sakatare na New York Fiorello La Guardia. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, David Rockefeller, da farko ya yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Lafiya, da Defence, da kuma Social Security, kuma ya shiga soja a matsayin mai zaman kansa a watan Mayu 1942. Akwai, ya aka aika zuwa aiki a hankali, kuma ya yi daban-daban gwamnati umarni a shagaltar da Faransa da Jamus, a arewacin Afirka.

A sakamakon haka, sai ya sadu da wani cin nasara a cikin sahu na kyaftin, sa'an nan suka shiga a cikin daban-daban iyali kasuwanci ayyukan. A shekarar 1947, David Rockefeller ya zama darektan da majalisar kan harkokin waje Relations, kuma bayan shekaru 14 - da shugaban Chase Manhattan Bank. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1981, da Hauwa'u na da 66th birthday, da ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa a matsayin ta kai matsakaicin shekaru iyaka.

A lokacin, David Rockefeller (as na yau shi ne 2.5 dala biliyan) kai wani sosai tsufa, kuma ya riga ya fiye da shekaru 100. Kwanan nan, kafofin watsa labarai ya ruwaito cewa ya yi mashi wani zuciya dashi. A fili, a billionaire yana so ya zauna har abada. A wannan yanayin, shi ne aka sani da manyan ideologue haihuwa iko, kamar yadda ya yi imanin cewa Earth aka overpopulated.

David Rockefeller sunan ne sau da yawa ji a lokacin wani wasan kwaikwayon daga cikin shahararrun hadin kai. A musamman, da suka kira shi da kafa na asashe uku Hukumar, halitta a shekarar 1973, don gudanar da yanki daga Amurka, Canada, Japan da kuma arziki kasashen yammacin Turai da manyan jam'iyyun siyasa da kuma tattalin arziki al'amurran a suka shafi bil'adama. Da ayyukan da wannan kungiyar da aka boye da talakawa don haka m shãmaki daga halin asiri, cewa a kwatanta da Tripartite Hukumar ayyuka ba su kasa sanar Bildelbergskoy kungiyar za a iya kira da cikakken m. A wannan yanayin, babu wanda ya san daidai da shirin na kungiyar.

A lokacin, na da hakkin ya la'akari da asashe uku Hukumar wani duniya gwamnati, da kuma hagu - da kulob din na arziki, wanda ba ka so su yi biyayya da kowa.

Rothschild

Sau da yawa, a lokacin da tattauna game da janar jihar na Rockefellers, da kuma yi tunani na memba na daya daga cikin mafi nasara kudi iyalan Turai. Muna magana ne game da Rothschilds, wani iyali kasuwanci wadda aka kafa fiye da 250 da suka wuce, da kuma fara da karamin shagon a cikin Yahudawa duhun kai na Frankfurt yan canjin kuɗi.

Status wannan daular, wanda aiki ba kawai a Amurka amma kuma a Turai, ba daidai bayanai, da kuma ba zai iya zama saboda wasiyya da ta kafa, wannan bayanai ba za a iya sanya jama'a.

A lokacin, da shugaban iyali ne Nathaniel Rothschild. Ya na da 'yar'uwa Emma, wanda shi ne masanin kimiyya-tattalin arziki na duniya shahararru. 'Yan mutane san cewa Nathan Rothschild ne memba na kasa da kasa Shawarwari Board na Rasha kamfanin Kamfanin Rusal.

Biyu mai girma na tarihi kudi daular: masõya ko abokan adawar

Rockefellers da Rothschilds a cikin tarihi ya maimaita aiki a cikin quite a kusa da kasuwanci cinikayya, musharaka cikin ayyukan da samun rabo a cikin dukiyar da na juna. A lokacin, tsakanin iyalai da aka gani musamman m gasar, kamar yadda su wakilan fi son su yi shawarwari a kan dukan al'amura.

A ranar, da Rockefellers (as na yau - $ 300 biliyan) da kuma Rothschilds zo da yarjejeniya a kan dangantakar hadin gwiwa. Bugu da kari, sun sanar da hadakar wasu da dukiya. A musamman, RIT Capital Partners (wani kamfanin zuba jari na Rothschilds) ya samu wani matsayi, a cikin Rockefeller kungiyar. Running latest a dukiya na 34 dala biliyan. Wadannan sun hada da man fetur da kuma iskar gas kungiyar Vallares, kazalika da hadarurruka a wannan sanannun kamfanoni, irin su Johnson & Johnson, Procter & Gamble, Dell da Oracle.

Amma RIT Capital Partners dukiya, suna kiyasta a 1.9 biliyan fam, mafi yawan abin da ake zuba jari, a equities da gwamnatin shaidu.

Af, idan dai mutane suna jayayya, abin da yake da jihar na Rockefeller (150 ko 300 biliyan), da iyalansu, a kalla haka ce wasu kantuna suna shirya don halakar da Yuro, kamar yadda suka gan babu mafi bukatar cewa kudin. Ya kuma aka yaba da kaifi tattalin arziki nasara na kasar Sin, wanda ya gagara hango ko hasashen abin da wasu 30-40 shekaru da suka wuce.

A cewar masana, da haduwa da Rothschild dangi da kuma Roklfellerov zai ci gaba a nan gaba.

sadaka

Rockefellers (a halin yanzu kiyasta jihar, bisa ga wasu kimomi, $ 300 biliyan) sun kasance kullum babban philanthropists. Wadannan hadisai ne har yanzu da rai a yau. A musamman, kwanan nan an kiyasta cewa, a lokacin da yake tsawon rai, Dattijon David irin rarraba 900 da dala miliyan. Kawai a 2014 ya canjawa wuri zuwa ga tabbatarwa daga cikin daban-daban sadaka ayyukan kewaye 79 da dala miliyan.

Yau ce daidai da abin da matsayi daga Rothschilds da Rockefellers, babu wanda zai gudanar da. Amma, ba shakka, wadannan biyu dauloli suna daga cikin arziki iyalan duniya da kuma samun wani tasiri a kan manufar Amurka da kuma sauran kasashe na duniya.