Mene ne kasafin kudin gaira?

Kasafin kudi siyasa na kowane jihar na samar da ma'auni na duk kasafin kudin matakan. By kanta, da kasafin kudin ya hada da sassa biyu, daya daga wanda za hada da duk abubuwa na samun kudin shiga, da kuma na biyu - da halin kaka. Idan adadin da halin kaka ya wuce yawan kudin shiga, irin wannan jiha da ake kira da kasafin kudin gaira. Duk da haka, zai iya yiwuwa a lura da kasafin kudin ragi - da predominance na wani m ɓangare na kashe kudi.

Ya kamata a ce cewa mafi kyau zaɓi ne, ba shakka, a halin da ake ciki a wadda samun kudin shiga da kuma kudi ne daidai da juna. Bayan duk, da kasawa, da kuma kasafin kudin ragi yi a matsayin sabawa daga na kullum. Duk da haka, daidaita kudin shiga da kuma kashe kudi na kudi sosai tsanani. Saboda haka, mafi daki-daki, zai zama kyawawa a dakatar a kan predominance ƙãrẽwar taskõkin.

Idan kasar na da kasafin kudin gaira ne da farko kudi da kasafin kudin na aiki halin kaka.

A kasafin kudin gaira ne na dama iri:

1. Active - ya zo a cikin kai tsaye bayar wa ya wuce kudaden shiga receipts kan.

2. m - ya auku a matsayin sakamako na rage haraji rates da kuma rage kudaden shiga gefen (da shi ba a hade tare da karuwa a halin kaka).

3. A tsarin kasafin kudin gaira na faruwa a lokacin da jihar ke kara masa nasa ba m. Don lokacin da koma bayan tattalin arziki a ta da tattalin arziki aiki da kuma tara bukatar musamman mafita ƙara da matakin na aikin haraji za a iya rage ko dauka da gwamnati (misali, kudade domin aikin halittar).

4. Tsiklichisky - kusan ba ya dogara ne a kan kasafin kudi siyasa na jihar. An halin a general dakushe samar da ke faruwa a wani rikicin mataki da kuma shi ne sakamakon da cyclical ci gaban tattalin arziki.

5. Short-lokaci - saboda da predominance na kashe kudi a kan samun kudin shiga a cikin wannan kudi shekara. Yana nuna halin yanzu canje-canje a cikin janar jihar na tattalin arzikin, wanda, a lokacin da Shirin zanen da kasafin kudin da aka ba a hada. Daga cikin dalilan da ta abin da ya faru shi ne ya fi kowa:

• A gwaninta na macroeconomic kiyasin a hukumomin rasa.
• Bad lissafi yiwu canje-canje a cikin wani yanayi: fall a fitarwa farashin, rage fitarwa, da zai yiwu dakushe bukatar kerarre kayayyakin, Munã rage ta gasa, mai kaifi karuwa a gwamnatin bayar wa hade tare da hauhawar farashin kaya.

6. Dogon lokacin - shi ne mai girma rata a cikin kasafin kudin domin shekaru da dama tsakanin kudaden shiga da kuma kashe kudi. Its bayyanar shi ne saboda dalilai da suke ci. A mafi yawan kasashe, shi ne:

• Kara zamantakewa nauyi a kan kasafin kudin.
• Takarce alƙaluma da halin da ake ciki a kasar, wanda ake dangantawa da wani tsufa yawan jama'a.
• Canje-canje a cikin haraji dokokin alaka ta walwalar.
• A karuwa a waje bashin kasar.
• Artificially low farashin (ta hanyar bullo da rikon ko ƙarin haraji, da sayar da jihar dukiya, jinkirtar da biyan hakkina don ma'aikata na jihar kungiyoyin).
• Unaccounted-jama'a ga tattalin arziki, amortization.
• High rates na kumbura.

7. The real kasafin kudin gaira - bambanci tsakanin maras gaira da kuma yawan darajar jama'a bashi, wanda aka yawaita da kudi na kumbura.

8. Ayyuka - janar kasafin kudin gaira net na biyan daga hauhawar farashin kaya.

A kowace ƙasa da babban dabarun burin - don cimma daidaita kasafin kudin, amma duk da wannan, wani lokacin da kasafin kudi gaira iya aiki a matsayin wani muhimmin kayan aiki a tattalin arziki siyasa a macroeconomic tsari. Wannan ne kuma ya sa wayo amfani da damar bayyana su warware da dama tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da matsaloli. A wannan yanayin, babban abinda cewa gaira ba dade.