Me kuke kira wani matasan ceri da daji ceri?

A fili, a yanayin dan Adam to ba "jira ni'imar daga yanayi", amma don ƙirƙirar iri da jinsunan shuke-shuke da cewa suna da m Properties, da kansa, da wucin gadi wajen. Ana zargin hybrids - hujja.

Me ne matasan

Kalmar "matasan" a o kira jiki samu dabbar ta hanyar canjin dabam-dabam siffofin. A sakamakon haka, kwayoyin abu na daban-daban Kwayoyin aka hada zuwa wani guda.

Hakika, akwai lokuta na halitta hybridization: Alal misali, garehul - sakamakon wata halitta crossbreeding pomelos da lemu, amma a mafi yawan lokuta wannan tsari yana tafiya ne a hankali sarrafawa. Hybrid cherries da ceri, Mandarin orange, peach da nectarine, plum da apricot - duk sakamakon shekaru na painstaking aiki na masana kimiyyar.

Dalilin hybrids a o

Tsammãni shayarwa zuwa gwaje-gwajen a kau da daban-daban hybrids na 'ya'yan shuke-shuke saboda da so su inganta asali halaye: amfanin ƙasa, da juriya ga kwari da juriya ga cuta, da juriya ga sanyi, kazalika da samun sabon palatability, inganta bayyanar ko don inganta transportability.

ceri hybrids

Cherry - da shuka ne m, don haka shayarwa ba watsi da shi. Akwai da dama nasara ceri hybrids. Da fari dai, ceri za a iya ketare tare da ceri. Hybrid Duke da aka sani da ya inganta hunturu hardiness da kuma juriya ga wasu cututtuka, kuma mafi dadi fiye da na ceri 'ya'yan. Hybrid ceri plum da kyau sosai a lokacin flowering, tana kawo frosts da kuma bukatar da hankali tabbatarwa. Akwai kuma matasan na cherries da plums, 'ya'yan itacen wanda yana da musamman dual dandano. A karshe, cikin nasara za a iya kira ayyukan shayarwa tsallaka ceri Japan ceri Maak. A wannan matasan, mun tattauna a more daki-daki.

Padotserus ko tserapadus?

Hybrid ceri da daji ceri ba yadu da aka sani. Yawanci, novice lambu game da shi a duk bai ji wani abu. Duk da haka, da mararraba na wadannan shuke-shuke, ba za ka iya samun kamar yadda biyu interspecific matasan: padotserus da tserapadus. Wadannan sunayen iya ze kadan tricky, kuma mafi cancanta da dinosaur, ba 'ya'yan itatuwa, amma a gaskiya duk abin da yake mai sauki da kuma ma'ana: an kafa daga Latin sunayen cherries (Cerasus) da kuma tsuntsu ceri (Padus). Alamance magana, tserapadus - ceri matasan ceri, wanda uwar - ceri, kuma uba - ceri. Wannan version ya fi nasara da kuma a aikin gona ya samu fiye da tartsatsi. Idan furanni suna pollinated da pollen daga daji ceri cherries, ka samu riga padotserus.

Dole ne in ce cewa don crossbreeding da cherries ne dace kawai Japan ceri Maak, hada siffofin kamar ceri, da kuma ceri, amma yana da wani m 'ya'yan itace. A wasu kafofin shi yanzu nasa ne da cherries, ko da yake shi ne gaskiya a ce shi bautar wani tsaka-tsaki matsayi tsakanin wadannan jinsuna.

Features matasan: bayyanar da kaddarorin

Hybrid cherries da ceri, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin ne mafi kamar ceri, da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa da ya goge located a kan wani itace:' yan guda a daya zangarniya, maimakon singly ko nau'i-nau'i, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin da cherries. A berries ne duhu, kusan baki, m, ku ɗanɗani m-m zuwa dadi da kuma m. Azahiri, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari tserepadusa kama mafi yawa cherries.

Da farko, a sakamakon selection a cikin 20-ies karni na karshe Michurin aka samu 3 iri tserapadusa: №1 (steppe ceri da daji ceri Maak) tserapadus manyan (amfani da ceri iri manufa) da kuma tserapadus dadi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari tserapadusa №1 ba kawai m, amma kuma m, kamar yadda kunshe prussic acid.

Hybrid ceri da daji ceri, har ma a yanzu, bayan shekaru masu yawa na aikin shayarwa, da 'ya'yan ba bambanta da musamman zaƙi. Sha'awa, da mafi sanyi tserapadusy da, da mafi m da berries.

Re-tsallaka tserapadusov ceri kai ga m iri. Alal misali, irin tserapadusov jiran da Novella da 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da wata gaba daya "ceri" dandano da size, yana da babban iri-iri Pedinstitutskaya goge berries da Rusinka yana da wani musamman high hardiness da kuma quite dace da amfani a cikin sabo ne' ya'yan itace. Mafi sau da yawa tserapadusov amfanin gona yana da wani fasaha manufa da kuma amfani da juices da syrups.

darajar tserapadusov

Hybrid ceri da daji ceri mai daraja ga abin da gaske ne sosai resistant zuwa sanyi, kuma yana da sosai-raya tushen tsarin. Wani muhimmin dukiya - da zaman lafiyar tserapadusa cuta - tuna a 60 ta na karshe karni, a lokacin da ceri gonaki auku ceri leaf tabo - wata cuta a cikin abin da ganye fara juya rawaya da kuma fada kashe riga farkon lokacin rani, da kuma da itatuwan da kansu rauni, kuma ba ma tsira daga hunturu. Tserapadusy a wannan yanayin, an samu nasarar yi amfani da matsayin rootstock seedlings for high quality-cherries, lokaci guda muhimmanci inganta su hardiness.

Lura: stock - wannan shi ne shuka ga abin da grafted sapling da toho ban sha'awa lambu iri. Rootstock taka wata muhimmiyar rawa sosai: shi na samar da abinci mai gina jiki saman shuka, watau, da Scion ...

Kula da kiwo

Game da kula, da tserapadusy sosai unpretentious, iya girma a ko'ina, a wani gona, musamman da hankali ne, ba a bukatar, ciki har da magani tare da fungicides. Maintenance an rage wa yankan, forming wani daji ko itacen kambi, da kuma weeding kusa-akwati da'irar. Regular ciyar da aka ma ba bukata.

Tserapadusy irin, kamar yadda ya kamata hybrids da cuttings kawai, domin kauce wa tsagawa samu halaye.

A matasan daji ceri da ceri: amfani Properties

Cherry 'ya'yan itatuwa ne da arziki ƙwarai abun da ke ciki: bitamin A, C, E da kuma B hadaddun, Organic acid, micro- da macronutrients. A jama'a magani, cherries ake amfani da matsayin expectorant, antipyretic, anti-virus, kuma antibacterial wakili, kazalika don rigakafin cututtukan zuciya. Cherry ruwan 'ya'yan itace rage jini clotting kuma qara haemoglobin.

daji ceri 'ya'yan itãcen marmari saboda babban abun ciki na tannins suna tasiri a matsayin kayyade wakili, haka maido da hanji aiki da kuma inganta da jihar na ciki bango. Amfani da wani ceri da anti-mai kumburi wakili. Prunus maackii kullum musamman arziki a ilimin aiki abubuwa.

Ba shi yiwuwa a ce ko tserapadus gaji da cikakken duk m kaddarorin biyu da "iyaye", amma da aka sani da cewa decoction daga 'ya'yan itãcensa yana da karfi da antipyretic mataki, da kuma' ya'yan itatuwa ne m sinadaran abun da ke ciki.

A matasan daji ceri da ceri: Recipes don dafa abinci

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari tserapadusa - mai tsaron ɗakunan ajiya na bitamin, don haka ko da wadanda suka ba da kyau a dafa abinci, ko da yaushe zai iya kawai daskare da berries, don amfani da su domin hunturu compote ko' ya'yan itace abin sha. A general, idan tambaya taso, abin da ka dafa daga matasan daji ceri da ceri, isa ya dauko wani gargajiya girke-girke, wanda featured ya "iyaye." Saboda haka, za ka iya yin jam, sa tinctures da barasa, da kuma za ka iya amfani da wadannan tart berries a matsayin cika ga pies da pancakes.