Me alƙarya - madawwami image? Alƙarya a Shakespeare bala'i

Me alƙarya - madawwami image? Akwai dalilai da yawa, kuma a lokaci guda, kowanne daidai ko tare, a mai jiwuwa da jitu hadin kai, ba za su iya ba da cikakken amsar. Me ya sa? Saboda komai muna kokarin, ko da abin da bincike da aka ba za'ayi, mu ba batun "Wannan shi ne babban asiri" - asirin Shakespeare ta baiwa, da asiri na m yi, a lokacin da daya aiki, hanya daya na zama na har abada da kuma sauran - vuya, dissolves cikin babu, don haka da kuma taba rayukanmu. Amma duk da haka, da image na alƙarya Yana kira, shi ne Haunted ...

William Shakespeare, "alƙarya": tarihin halittar

Kafin ka je a kan wani m tafiya a cikin rai na alƙarya, tuna da summary da kuma tarihi na rubuce-rubuce na da babban bala'i. ayyukan da mãkirci dogara ne a kan real events bayyana Saxo Grammaticus a cikin littafinsa "History of Danes." Horvendil wani arziki mai mulkin Jutland, ya aure to Geruthe, Yana da wani ɗa, kuma a Amleto wa Feng. Last kishi na da dũkiyarsa, ƙarfin zuciya, da ɗaukaka, da kuma sau daya a gaban kotu aikatã ruthlessly da ɗan'uwansa, kuma baya aure ya bazawara. Amlet ba sallama ga sabon gwamnan, kuma, duk da cewa, ya yanke shawarar ya dauki fansa a kan shi. Ya yi kamar yana hauka, ya kashe shi. Bayan wani lokaci Amleth ya kashe sauran kawun ... Look - da kama ne bayyananne!

Duration, sa mataki kansa, da kuma duk mahalarta cikar events - mai yawa da daidaici, duk da haka, da matsaloli na bala'i da William Shakespeare ba ya shige cikin manufar "fansa bala'i" da ke zuwa yanzu fiye da shi. Me ya sa? The abu ne cewa, babban haruffa na Shakespeare wasan kwaikwayo karkashin jagorancin alƙarya, Prince na Denmark, da yanayi shubuha kuma suka sãɓã wa jũna muhimmanci daga dukan na tsakiyar zamanai heroes. A waɗannan kwanaki da shi ba ya yi mai yawa tunani, har ma fiye da haka, to tambayi a karɓa dokokin da tsofaffin al'adun. Alal misali, a jini gaba da aka dauke ba mugunta ba, amma wani nau'i na adalci. Amma a alƙarya da muka gani a daban-daban fassarar sababi na fansa. Wannan shi ne babban bayãnin hukuncin siffa daga cikin play, masomin dukan abin da yake na musamman da kuma mamaki, cewa akwai a cikin bala'i, da kuma cewa ba hutu ga dama ƙarni.

Takaitaccen play abun ciki

Elsinore - da majestic castle na Danish sarakuna. Kowane dare, da dare matsara kallon apparition, abin da kuma ya gaya Horatio - wani aboki na alƙarya. Shi ne da fatalwa da marigayi mahaifin na Danish yarima. The "matattu hour na dare," ya confides asiri alƙarya sarki - bai mutu da wata halitta mutuwa, amma aka yaudari kashe ta ɗan'uwansa, Claudius, wanda ya kama wuri - kursiyin kuma aure da bazawara - Sarauniya Gertrude. Inconsolable rai na kashe bukatar cewa dan fansa, amma alƙarya, gauraye da stunned da duk ya ji, in ba sauri aiki: abin da idan fatalwa - shi ya ba mahaifinsa, da kuma wani Manzo daga jahannama? Ya ake bukata lokaci don tabbatar da gaskiya ya faɗa masa asirin, kuma ya pretends zama hauka. The mutuwar sarki, wanda a cikin idanu na alƙarya da aka ba kawai wani uba, amma kuma manufa mutum, sa'an nan a mai gaggãwa, duk da makoki, bikin aure uwa da kawu, da labarin na Ghost - wannan shi ne na farko walƙiya bayyana nesovershentstva duniya, wannan taye bala'i. Bayan ta labarin da aka bunkasa cikin sauri, kuma tare da shi ya canjãwa da cika fuska da protagonist kansa. Domin watanni biyu ya sake daga wani m saurayi a wani sha'aninsu dabam, melancholy "haihuwa mutum." A wannan "B. bayyana topic Shakespeare, "alƙarya" alƙarya "ba ya kawo karshen akwai.

Rikici da kuma cin amana

Claudius m na alƙarya ta malaise. Don tabbatar da cewa da gaske dan ba zato ba tsammani rasa ransa, ya conspires tare da cika, da aminci courtier sabuwar sanya sarki. Su komo acikin yin amfani da unsuspecting Ophelia, alƙarya ta soyayya da sha'awa. Domin da wannan manufa, zuwa ga castle kuma ya sa tsohon aminci abokai na Prince - Rosencrantz da Gildensten cewa ba quite da aminci, kuma da yardar yarda don taimaka Claudia.

mousetrap

A Elsinore wasan kwaikwayo kamfanin iso. Alƙarya Maigirma ya kwadaitar da su yi wasa a gaban sarki da sarauniya daga cikin play, kaidin wanda daidai ake bayyana labarin daga cikin fatalwa. A lokacin gabatar da ya gani tsõro da rikice a fuskar Claudius, kuma shawo na laifi. To, da aikata laifukan warware - yana da lokaci don yin aiki. Amma alƙarya ne sake ba cikin sauri. "Denmark - kurkuku", "gurde yayin da" mugunta da kuma cin amana samu kansu ba kawai a cikin kisan sarki ɗan'uwansa, suna ko'ina, yanzu ne al'ada jihar na duniya. A zamanin manufa mutane dogon tafi. Da wannan bango, da jini gaba hasarar da asali ma'anar, daina zama wani nau'i na "fi" na gaskiya, domin babu abin da, a gaskiya, ba ya canja.

hanyar mugunta

Alƙarya ne a tsaka-tsaki: "Don zama ko ba su zama? - da cewa shi ne tambaya. " Mene ne amfani da ramuwa, shi ne komai, kuma m. Amma ko da ba tare da gaggawa azaba saboda muguntar ba zai yiwu ka rayu. Yana da wani bashin na girmamawa. Alƙarya ciki rikici kaiwa ba kawai don kansa wahala, ya m muhawara game da aikin banza ne rayuwa, da tunani game da mutum ya kashe kansa, amma, kamar ruwan zãfi a wani shãfe haske jirgin ruwa, bubbling da sakamakon a wani yawan mutuwar. Prince ne kai tsaye ko a kaikaice da alhakin kashe-kashen. Yana kashe Polonius, bugging ya zance da shi da uwa tasa, mistaking shi domin Claudius. A kan hanyar zuwa Ingila, inda alƙarya da za a kashe, ya maye gurbin a kan discrediting wasika, da kuma maimakon an kishin da kisan abokansa - Rosencrantz da Gildenster. A Elsinore mutu mahaukaci da baƙin ciki Ophelia. Laertes, Ophelia ta ɗan'uwansa, yanke shawarar da ya saka wa mahaifinsa da 'yar'uwa, da kuma kira a kan alƙarya kotun yaki. A tip na takobinsa aka guba da Claudius. A lokacin yaki, Gertrude mutu, da ciwon kokarin guba ruwan inabi daga cikin kofin, tsara a gaskiya to alƙarya. A sakamakon haka, ya kashe Laertes, Claudius, kuma alƙarya ya kashe kansa ... Daga yanzu, Danish mulki karkashin mulkin na Norwegian sarki Fortinbras.

A image a cikin bala'i na alƙarya

Alƙarya bayyana a matsayin lokacin da Renaissance jawo zuwa kusa. A lokaci guda akwai wasu, babu kasa m "madawwami images" - Faust, Don Quixote, Don Juan. Saboda haka abin da yake asirin na tsawon rai? Da farko, su ne shubuha da multifaceted. A kowane daga cikinsu karya da babban sha'awa cewa rinjayi wasu daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru wasa zuwa wani matsananci mataki, da kuma sauran irin hali. Alal misali, matsananci Quixote ne ta idealism. Alƙarya da aka saka a cikin yi, za mu iya ce na karshe, matsananci introspection, rai-bincike, wanda ba ya tura shi zuwa wani m yanke shawara, ya dauki hukunci mataki, ba tilasta canza rayukansu, amma a kan m - paralyzes. A daya hannun, da dizzying events bi juna, da kuma alƙarya ne kai tsaye takara a gare su, da babban protagonist. Amma shi ne a daya hannun, wannan shi ne abin da yake a kan surface. Kuma a kan sauran? - Ya kasance ba "darektan", ya ba da babban manajan duk mataki, shi ne kawai "yar tsana." Yana kashe Polonius, Laertes, Claudius zama da m mutuwa na Ophelia, Gertrude, Rosencrantz da Gildenstena, amma duk wannan ya faru da rabo, da wani ban tausayi hadari, bisa ga kuskure.

Renaissance Fitowa

Duk da haka, sake ba haka sauki da kuma saukin ganewa. Hakika, mai karatu samun ra'ayi cewa siffar alƙarya a Shakespeare bala'i yi da cirkaka, sakaci da rashin ƙarfi. Sa'an nan, wannan shi ne kawai "tip na dutsen kankara." A karkashin impenetrable kauri daga ruwa boye in ba haka ba - a kaifi hankali, wani ban mamaki ikon ganin duniya, da su kansu da kanta, da so don samun zuwa kasa, da kuma a karshen, ganin gaskiya, ko da abin. Alƙarya - da real gwarzo na Renaissance, mai girma, mai iko, sa a farko na ruhaniya da kuma halin kirki kai-namo, murna da kyakkyawa da Unlimited yanci. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance ba ya kuskure da cewa akidar da Renaissance a cikin marigayi mataki na ta rikicin, da wanda ya yi rayuwa da yi. Ya zo ya nuna gaskiyar cewa duk abin da a wanda ya yi ĩmãni da abin da ya rayu - wannan shi ne kawai wani mafarki. Aiki review kuma reassessment na bil'adama dabi'u jũya a cikin cizon yatsa, kuma a sakamakon ƙare a bala'i.

daban-daban fuskanci

Ci gaba da taken abin da m image, halayyar alƙarya. To, abin da shi ne tushen da bala'i na alƙarya, Prince na Denmark? A daban-daban sau siffar alƙarya da aka sani da fassara a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Alal misali, Iogann Vilgelm Gete, wani m sha'awar na talanti ɗaya na Shakespeare, alƙarya da ake gani kyau, daraja da kuma sosai halin kirki, kuma da ya rasu ya zo daga sallama ya nauyin da makoma, wanda ya iya ba da wani sashe kuma jefa.

Sanannun English mawãƙi, ST Koldridzh, tã mu da hankali ga cikakken rashin nufin yarima. All events faruwa a cikin bala'i, babu shakka, dole ne sun sa wani mataki mai karuwa da motsin zuciyarmu, kuma baya ya karu aiki da kuma hukunci mataki. In ba haka ba, ba zai zama. Amma abin da ba mu gani? Rura wutar daukar fansa? Instant kisa yi cikinsa? Babu wani abu kamar wannan, a kan m - da m shakku da m da kuma wanda ba a iya gaskanta ba falsafa tunani. Kuma a nan ne ba mai rashin ƙarfin hali. Yana kawai kawai abu ya iya yi.

Za a wani rauni dangana ga alƙarya da VG Belinsky. Amma, bisa ga mashãwarta a wallafe-wallafen zargi, ta ba da na halitta ingancin wajen matukar, saboda halin da ake ciki. Ya zo daga wani tunanin tsaga a lokacin rayuwar hali ya yi shibtar da abu daya, kuma ciki imani, dabi'u da kuma ruhaniya damar iya yin komai, kuma capabilities - in ba haka ba, kishiyar daidai.

William Shakespeare, "alƙarya", siffar alƙarya: ƙarshe

Kamar yadda ka gani, yadda mutane da yawa - don haka da yawa ra'ayin. Madawwami image na alƙarya mamaki multifaceted. Za mu iya ce, dukan ma'adanar bambamcin hotuna na alƙarya: abõkin, m aka azabtar da Oedipus hadaddun, wani jarumi gwarzo, a wani bafalsafe, misogynist, mafi girma embodiment na akida na humanism, melancholic, ba abin da aka ba su dace ... Akwai kawo karshen wannan? Ã'a ba fiye da a. Kamar yadda fadada daga cikin talikai zai dore har abada, da kuma siffar alƙarya a Shakespeare bala'i zai ta da hankali mutane har abada. Ya ya dade duba sama daga rubutu kanta, don shi bar kunkuntar ikon yinsa, daga cikin play, da kuma zama da "cikakkiyar", "sverhtipom" suna da hakkin ya wanzu a waje lokaci.