Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Eugene Onegin", samfurin analysis

Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Eugene Onegin" - " 'ya'yan itace na tunani da zuciya na sanyi lura da bakin ciki sanarwa" - an yi fice a Rasha classic Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym ba kama wani blitzkrieg. Artwork halitta wani juyin mawãƙi, sa alama ta fitowan a cikin hanyar da labarun almara. A labari a ayar kamar wani taron a cikin zane-zane ne na musamman sabon abu. Kafin wannan, a duniya adabi da aka rubuta a cikin wannan salo, daya kawai analogue - romantic aiki na George Gordon Byron ta "Don Juan".

Marubucin ya yanke shawarar brainstorm

Pushkin tafi a kan babban Banasare - da labarun almara. A wannan lokaci, da mawãƙi ya kafa wata manufa - don nuna wani mutum da zai iya zama a matsayin mai kara kuzari ga kara raya Rasha. Alexander, raba ideas na Decembrists, ya gane cewa mai girma kasa ya kamata ta motsa kamar locomotive, da matattu-karshen hanya cewa ya jagoranci dukkan al'umma zuwa ga wani tsari rikicin.

Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Eugene Onegin" aka bayyana Titanic poetic aiki a lokacin daga May 1823 zuwa watan Satumba 1830 da m reinterpretation na Rasha gaskiya na farko kwata na XIX karni. The labari a cikin ayar da ke faruwa a ko'ina cikin hudu matakai na kerawa Alexander Pushkin: kudu links (1820 - 1824 gg.), Kasancewa "ba autocratic barin Estate Mikhailovskoye" (1824 - 1826 gg.), The lokaci bayan mahada (1826 - 1830 gg.), boldins (1830)

AS Pushkin ta "Eugene Onegin": tarihin halittar

Sun Pushkin, a digiri na biyu daga cikin Tsarskoye Selo lyceum, a cikin kalmomi na Sarkin sarakuna Alexander I, «Rasha ambaliyar ruwa da m waqe", ya fara rubuta littafinsa yayin da zama a cikin gudun hijira a Chisinau (godiya ga cẽto abokai raka zuwa Siberia an kauce masa). By wannan lokaci ya kasance da tsafi na Rasha ilimi matasa.

Saboda haka, zan yi jihãdi don ƙirƙirar wani image na gwarzo a lokacinsa. A aikinsa, ya painfully neman amsa ga tambaya na abin da ya kamata ya zama m na sabon ideas, mahaliccin sabon Rasha.

A tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki a kasar

La'akari da zamantakewa yanayi a cikin abin da labari da aka halitta. Rasha lashe a 1812 yaki. Wannan ya ba da muhimmanci samar da kuzari ga jama'a so ga kwata 'yanci daga mulkin gargajiya marũruwa. Farko na dukkan mutane hankoro da yarjejeniyoyin da serfdom. Shin ya 'yantar babu makawa entailed wani ya rage mata iko na monarch. Kafa nan da nan bayan da yaki, da al'umma gadi dogaran a 1816 a St. Petersburg dokoki Decembrist "Union of Ceto." shirya da "Union of Welfare" a 1818, a Moscow. Decembrists, wadannan kungiyoyi sun rayayye da gudummawar da samuwar wani sassaucin ra'ayi ra'ayin jama'a, da kuma jira da hakkin lokacin for juyin mulki. Daga cikin Decembrists sun mai yawa Pushkin ta abokai. Ya raba su views.

Rasha ya riga ya zama wani gane Turai kasar tare da wani yawan game da 40 da mutane miliyan a cikin shi ripened harbe na jihar jari hujja. Duk da haka, da tattalin arziki rayuwa ne har yanzu m rudiments na feudalism, aristocratic landowning da m aji. Wadannan zamantakewa kungiyoyin, a hankali rasa nauyi jama'a, har yanzu iko da kuma amfani da tasiri cikin rayuwar jihar, mikawa da mulkin gargajiya dangantakar a kasar. Sun kasance sũ ne zakarun na al'umma gina a kan rabu amfani Catherine ta daraja ka'idojin muhimmi a Rasha XVIII karni.

Akwai halayyar fasali na zamantakewa da kuma tattalin arziki da rikicin na dukan jama'a. A kasar ne gida da yawa da-ilimi mutãne waɗanda suke fahimta cewa bunkasuwarta bukatar mai girma canje-canje da sauye-sauye. Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Eugene Onegin" ya fara tare da wani sirri gudu kewaye da mawãƙi, a cikin kalmomi na Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo, "duhu mulkin"

Wanne ya tashi bayan wani karfi hanzari ba ta Bitrus I, da kuma aiwatar a zamanin mulkin Empress Catherine II, Rasha a farkon karni na XIX ragae saukar da taki na ci gaba. A lokacin rubuce-rubuce, Pushkin ta shahara labari a kasar ba tukuna da Railways, ko da a kan ta gudãna ba taso kan ruwa jiragen ruwa, da kuma dubban dubbai na ta himma da kuma talented mutane aka ɗaure ƙafa da hannu shaidu na serfdom.

A tarihin "Evgeniya Onegina" ne inextricably nasaba da tarihin Rasha a farkon XIX karni.

Onegin stanza

Tare da kulawa ta musamman Alexander, "Rasha Mozart wakoki", ya mayar da martani ga nasa aiki. Ya ɓullo da wani sabon jerin ayar musamman domin rubuta wani labari a cikin ayar.

Saboda haka, da kalmomin na gudana daga ƙarƙashinsu, kamar wani rafi ba free, da kuma ginannun. Kowane goma sha huɗu layuka Iambic Tetrameter alaka musamman Onegin ayar. A wannan rhyming consistently cikin labari, kuma shi ne kamar haka: CCddEffEgg (inda babban birnin kasar haruffa wakiltar mata endings da kuma Ƙaramin baki - namiji).

Lalle, tarihin "Eugene Onegin" labari - shi ne labarin da halittar Onegin stanza. Yana da da sãɓãwar launukansa cikin ayoyi marubucin nasara a cikin aikinsa don ƙirƙirar wani analogue da litattafan sassan da kuma surori tsalle daga daya batu zuwa wani, canja salon na gabatar da tunani da tsauri ci gaba na mãkirci. Saboda haka, marubucin halitta da alama na wani annashuwa tattaunawar tare da karatu.

Roman - "tarin motley surori"

Abin da koran mutanen da rubuta ayyukansu na zamaninsa kuma daga ƙasar haihuwarmu? Me idan an bã su wannan aikin da cikakken, aiki kamar yadda idan mahaukaci?

A tarihin na "Eugene Onegin" labari da aka asali subordinated ga marubucin: don ƙirƙirar wani labari a cikin ayar, hada da 9 raba surori. a kan ayyukan Alexander Sergeyevich masana kira shi "bude lokaci" saboda gaskiyar cewa kowanne daga ta kai - m, kuma may, a ciki dabaru don kammala aikin, ko da yake shi ne ci gaba a babi na gaba. Ya zamani - Rasha adabi Farfesa Nikolay Ivanovich Nadezhdin - gargajiya bayanin ba "Evgeniya Onegina" ba a matsayin samfurin da wani m ma'ana tsarin, sai dai, kamar yadda wasu shayari rubutu cika kai tsaye haske iridescent bakan gizo iyawa.

Game da surori na labari

Surori na "Eugene Onegin" da aka buga daga 1825 zuwa 1832. kamar yadda suka rubuta kuma aka buga a wallafe-wallafen anthologies da kuma mujallu. Suna jira, kowane daga cikinsu ya zama mai real aukuwa a cikin al'adu rai na Rasha.

Duk da haka, daga gare su sadaukar da tafiya na protagonist zuwa soja mazauna kusa Odessa ginshiƙin gada dauke da m hukuncin, yanã abin zargi marubucin ya zaɓi ya janye domin kauce wa harin ramuwar gayya a kansu, sa'an nan kuma hallaka ta kawai rubutun.

Just gaba daya ba aikin, daga baya ya yi aiki a kan "Doctor Zhivago" Boris Leonidovich Pasternak, kuma ya rubuta a zamaninsa Mihail Aleksandrovich Sholohov. Pushkin kansa da ake kira da fiye da shekara bakwai na aiki a kan wannan labari a cikin aya feat.

protagonist

Description Evgeniya Onegina, bisa ga adabi, tunatar da mutum na Bitrus Yakovlevich Chaadaev - marubucin "da ilimin falsafa Haruffa". Wannan shi ne wani hali tare da wani iko da makamashi, wanda aka kafa a kusa da mãkirci da labari da sauran characters bayyana kansu. Pushkin rubuta game da shi a matsayin "mai kyau aboki." Eugene samu wani gargajiya da ilimi da tsada, gaba daya bã tãre da "Rasha-cinsa." Kuma ko da yake shi konewa kaifi, amma wani sanyi hankali, shi mutum ne hasken wadannan wasu ra'ayoyin da son zuciya.Magana. A rayuwa na Evgeniya Onegina ne wanda bai isa ba. A daya hannun, shi ne dan hanya zuwa hali na duniya, ya sharply soki su. da kuma a kan sauran - shi ne batun da tasiri. A gwarzo ba za a iya kira mai aiki, wajen shi ne wani mai hankali Kiyayewa.

Yana siffofi siffar Onegin

Siffarta - ban tausayi. Na farko, ya ba su iya tsayawa da gwajin na soyayya. Eugene ya saurari dalili, amma ba zuciyarsa. Duk da haka, ya ba girma da arziki, da daraja kira da Tatiana, ba ta fahimci cewa ya ba zai iya fada cikin soyayya.

Na biyu, ba ya iya tsayawa da gwajin na aminci. Duel na abokinsa, 18-yaro ne dan shekaru romantic Lensky, ya suyi haka Concepts haske. Ya alama ba don su tsokane mai kyau zloyazychie haihuwa inveterate duelist Zaretsky fiye da dakatar gaba daya wawa jayayya da Vladimir. Af, Pushkin malamai, masana kimiyya yi imani da matasa Kuchelbecker samfur Lena.

Tatiana Larina

A amfani da sunan Tatiana a Eugene Onegin labari shi ne gwaninta daga Pushkin. Lalle ne, a cikin farkon XIX karni, wannan sunan da aka dauke maras ɗa'a, kuma m. Bugu da ƙari, cikin duhu-masu gashi kawai, m, m, shi bai dace duniya da kyakkyawa akida. Tatiana (kamar marubucin labari) ƙaunar jama'a tãtsũniyõyin, wanda ta kariminci shaida wa m. Duk da haka, ta musamman so ya karanta littattafai.

The labari ta haruffa

Baya daga sama mãkirci-leoyan ga mai karatu ne na biyu. Wadannan labari "Eugene Onegin" images ba ta samar da wani mãkirci, amma gaba da shi. Wannan Tatiana ta 'yar'uwarsa Olga, komai socialite lady, wanda ya a soyayya Vladimir Lensky. Hoton na da nas Tatiana, wani gwani na jama'a tãtsũniyõyin, yana da wani shakka samfur - da nas na Alexander Sergeyevich, Arina Rodionovna. Wani Nameless gwarzo da labari ne mai newfound Tatyanoy Larinoy bayan wani spat tare da mijinta Evgeniem Oneginym - "Manjo-Janar".

Bakuncin gidan haya idan shigo cikin Roman Pushkina na sauran Rasha litattafansu. Wannan Skotinin ( "Oaf" Fonvizin), da kuma Brawlers ( "m makwabta" V. L. Pushkina).

na jama'a

A mafi yabo ga Alexander Pushkin ya da kima da aka ba da na farko babi na "Evgeniya Onegina" ta mutum, wanda da mawãƙi dauke malaminsa - Vasiliem Andreevichem Zhukovskim. Ra'ayi ya sosai laconic: "Ka - na farko a kan Rasha Parnassus ..."

Encyclopedic labari a cikin aya ta nunasu da Rasha gaskiya na farkon na XIX karni, ya nuna hanyar rayuwa, da halaye, da zamantakewa rawar da daban-daban sassa na al'umma: St.-Petersburg high jama'a, da Moscow nobility, gonaki, gonaki da kuma manoma. Zai yiwu haka, amma kuma saboda m da kuma bakin ciki nuni Pushkin a cikin aikinsa, dabi'u, al'adu, halayya, halaye na cewa lokaci wallafe-wallafen zargi Vissarion Belinsky ba shi da irin wannan m bayanin 'aiki a sosai m "da" Rasha Encyclopedia of Life. "

Pushkin so canza mãkirci

Tarihi daga cikin halittar "Eugene Onegin" - shi ne juyin halitta daga cikin matasa mawãƙi, wanda ya riƙi shekaru 23 ga duniya aiki. Kuma idan a cikin litattafan irin harbe sun riga (tuna incognito buga littafin Aleksandra Radischeva "Journey daga St. Petersburg zuwa Moscow"), da labarun almara a shayari a lokacin da aka} ir} undoubted.

A karshe shirin ayyuka da aka kafa kawai by marubucin a 1830. Ya kasance m da niƙa. Don yin gargajiya m Feel don ya halitta, Alexander yanke shawarar aika ko Evgeniya Onegina zuwa yãƙi a cikin Caucasus, ko juya shi a cikin Decembrists. Amma Eugene Onegin - gwarzo da labari a cikin ayar - halitta da Pushkin, a daya wahayi, a matsayin "mai tarin motley surori", da kuma wannan ne da fara'a.

ƙarshe

"Eugene Onegin" shi ne wani samfurin na farko a cikin tarihin na Rasha idon basira labari a ayar. Yana da wani alama ga XIX karni. The labari an gane al'umma ta yadda bayyananne rare. Encyclopedic bayanin Rasha m iyali a cikinsu, da high sanã'ar.

Duk da haka, bisa ga sukar, babban harafin da wannan labari har yanzu ba Onegin, kuma marubucin na aiki. Wannan hali yana da wani tabbataccen siffar. Wannan irin makafi tabo ga mai karatu.

Alexander aiki a cikin rubutu da alamu a wata mahada, yana mai cewa da shi "ya cũtar da Arewa", da dai sauransu Pushkin ne invisibly ba a duk ayyukan, ya takaita karatu dariya, animates da labarin. Ya quotes ake bugawa da ƙusa a kai.

Fate hukunta cewa Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin sake nazari ta biyu da cikakken edition da labari a cikin aya a 1937 (na farko a 1833), riga mortally rauni a kan Black River kusa da Kwamandan ta lambu. Wurare dabam dabam 5000 kofe shirya ya sayar ko'ina cikin shekara. Duk da haka, masu karatu sun sayo shi don a mako. A nan gaba litattafansu na Rasha adabi, daya ya lokaci, ci gaba da m search na Alexander. Dukkan su sun kokarin haifar da wani gwarzo a lokacinsa. Kuma Mikhail Lermontov a cikin image Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina ( "Hero of Our Lokaci"), da kuma Ivan Goncharov a cikin image Ili Oblomova ...