M da unexplored teku rai

Mutane sun dade da aka saba da wanzuwar bambancin Flora da fauna a kan ƙasar. Kuma abin da muka sani game da rayuwa a cikin teku? Kamar yadda ya zuwa yanzu kamar yadda shi ne bambancin? Wani wanin wasan kifi za a iya samu a cikin ruwan? Bari mu dubi ga amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi tare.

ban mamaki bambancin

Rayuwa a cikin teku ne mai ban mamaki da kuma bambancin. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa ta ci gaba ne farkon rayuwa a cikin ruwayen tekuna. Wannan na iya bayyana da cewa akwai fiye da 150 da dubu. Wakilai na daban-daban na Flora da fauna. Idan ka yi kokarin yin lissafi da total nauyi na duk rayuwa siffofin daga cikin teku ruwa, da Figures su ne babbar - a gaskiya shi ne 60 ya kai tan biliyan. Ocean matsayin mazauninsu kusanta gare iri daban-daban da kwayoyin duniya. Nan za ka iya saduwa da kuma protozoa, da kuma babbar dabbobi masu shayarwa. Daga mai babbar iri-iri na namun daji a cikin teku, ruwa ba su saba kawai gizo-gizo, centipedes da amphibious dabbobi.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin ruwa da iska

Jayayya da cewa iska da kuma ruwan habitats bambanta a su jiki Properties, a banza ne. The mai ruwa-ruwa matsakaici zafin jiki in ba haka ba rarraba, daidai da zurfin ruwan matsin ƙaruwa. Kuma gaban hasken rana da aka lura kawai a cikin babba yadudduka. Wadannan siffofin na rayuwa a cikin teku, shafi na zama da kuma ci gaban dukkanin rayayyun abubuwa.

Saboda haka, godiya ga cewa ruwa ne iya taimaka jiki a wani wuri, ba su bukatar samar da wata musamman karfi skeletons ko asalinsu. Saboda haka, rayuwa a cikin teku, da aka wakilta mafi girma dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin yanayi, wanda aka sani a matsayin shudi Whale. Wannan dabba ne 25 sau mutum fiye da mafi girma a mazauni na ƙasar - giwa.

To, tun teku algae ba su yi tsayayya da iska kashi, sa'an nan ba lallai ba ne su girma da karfi tushen tsarin, amma ba za su iya wuce wa 'yan dubun mita.

Mene ne benthos?

Wannan m kalma ma'anar da totality of halittu masu rai da zauna cikin teku da ƙasa a cikin shi. A kasa daga cikin teku, akwai nau'i biyu daga rai: zoobenthos da phytobenthos. Wakilai daga zoobenthos, watau fauna, fiye da, da kuma kamar yadda muka kusanci Coast na ɓangaren duniya da tsibirin na da yawan ƙaruwa a cikin shallows.

Zoobenthos crustaceans, Shellfish, babban da ƙananan kifaye. By Phytobenthos kawo wani iri-iri jikin kwayoyin cutar da algae.

Mene ne plankton?

To, abin da irin rayuwar a cikin teku ba tare da da plankton? Wannan musamman masu rai, wanda ba a haɗe zuwa kasa, amma kuma rayayye iya motsa. Kusan duk motsi na plankton faruwa saboda igiyoyin. A babba yadudduka na ruwa, inda akwai hasken rana, populates phytoplankton. Ya kunshi daban-daban iri algae. Amma zooplankton rai a cikin ruwa shafi.

Mafi yawa daga cikin dabbobi plankton crustaceans da protozoa. Wannan shi ne wani daban-daban ciliates, radiolarians da kuma sauran wakilan. Bugu da kari, akwai wani coelenterate kwayoyin: siphonophores, jellyfish, tsefe jelly da kananan pteropods.

Saboda da babbar adadin plankton kifi da kuma na cikin ruwa dabbobi suna da yaushe bayar da m abinci.

Mene ne nekton?

Kalmar "nekton" ba ya faruwa sau da yawa sosai, amma shi wakiltar wani nau'i na rayuwa, wanda muna da aka sani. Nekton - kwayoyin wanda zai iya rayayye motsa a ruwa. Wannan kunkuru, kuma pinnipeds da cetaceans. Don nekton kuma sun hada da duk wani nau'i na kifi, squid, penguins da ruwa macizai.

A rabo a cikin zones

Rayuwa a cikin teku ne mai ban sha'awa domin shi halitta unequal yanayi na mazaunan daban-daban zurfin. Saboda haka, m ruwan kashe bakin tekun da ake kira littoral zone. A nan, da tashin hankali na ruwa da tides - mai kowa sabon abu. Wannan ya sa rayayyun kwayoyin halitta zuwa daidaita zuwa yau da kullum canji na tsaya a cikin ruwa da kuma a cikin iska. Bugu da kari, wadannan kwayoyin suna kullum shafi saɓani a cikin zazzabi, canje-canje a cikin gwargwado da kuma surf. Don tsira a wadannan yanayi, Shellfish sandararru a kan kankara, crabs kiyaye fahimtar fika, kifi samu musamman suckers. A jatan lande da tarwada koya su yi ta tono a cikin ƙasa.

A gaba zone - bathyal. Yana farawa a zurfin mita 200, da kuma ƙare a zurfin 2000 m. Bathyal zone located a cikin nahiyar gangara. A Flora wannan yanki shi ne talauci sosai, saboda rana ta haskoki zuwa zurfin ba fada. Amma a nan gida da yawa kifi.

Bugu da ari mazauninsu kira abyssal zone. An located a zurfin fiye da biyu kilomita. Akwai m ruwa da kuma low zafin jiki stably. Ocean, gwargwado a zurfin cewa zai iya isa 34,7%, haske ne gaba daya fakowa ba. A ciyayi a yankin wakilta jinsunan kwayoyin da algae. A fauna daga cikin teku acan ne sosai sabon abu. A jikin dabbobi ne m, kuma m. Mutane da yawa jinsuna sun samu dogon appendages su dõgara a kan m ƙasa, kuma su iya motsawa. Wasu kwayoyin da babbar idanu, amma a wasu su ne gaba daya ba a nan. Mutane da yawa jinsunan zurfin teku kifi ne lebur, wasu kwayoyin ne iya haske.

Deep-ruwa Flora da fauna har yanzu ba cikakken gane, saboda zuriya zuwa babban zurfin wuya ba kawai ga mutane amma kuma ga bincike kida. Tartsatsi bincike ta amfani da kai-propelled submersibles. Amma rayuwar littoral da bathyal zone an yi karatu a baje.

Dũkiya da tekuna wa mutãne mai girma abinci Madogararsa. Kuma mafi muhimmanci, cewa da ikon samar da ake tare da cikakken bitamin da kuma sauƙi digestible gina jiki. A cikin abincin da ya dace ba wai kawai wakilan da dabba, amma kuma Flora. Babban abu da mutane ba su yi la'akari da wannan tushen inexhaustible da kuma koya mu bi shi a hankali, kuma Yanã ƙuƙuntãwa.