Leninabad yankin na Tajikistan: yankuna da birane

Modern Sughd lardin Tajikistan, da administrative cibiyar wanda shi ne birnin Khujand, har 1991 da aka sani da Leninabad yankin na Tajikistan, yankin cibiyar da shi aka kira Leninabad.

Gwargwadon matsayi

A halin da ake ciki cikin sharuddan siyasa labarin kasa, wanda ya mamaye yankin Leninabad (Tajikistan), kiyasta a matsayin m, duk da cewa yankin yana da wani kanti a cikin teku. Duk da haka, ci gaba da kuma ci gaba da gudummawar da Khujand ne ta Gwargwadon wuri. Shĩ ne kawai birni da aka ayi a kan bankuna daga cikin mafi girma kogin a Central Asia - da Syr Darya - kuma ya kasance a tsaka-tsaki na Silk Road. Wannan ya bayar da gudunmawar ga ci gaban cinikayya da raya ƙasashe na gabas da yamma, a old days.

Leninabad yankin (Sughd) kewaye da dutsen jeri na Tien Shan kuma Gissar-Altai. Don arewa suna located Kurama kunya da kuma Mogoltau duwãtsu, daga kudu - da Turkestan Range da dutsen Zarafshan. Yana hannun jari kan iyakoki da Kyrgyzstan da Uzbekistan. Tsakanin Kurama da Turkestan Range ne yammacin yankin na Ferghana Valley, wanda aka located da kuma yankin.

A da karkararta na biyu koguna. The most a Asiya ta tsakiya, da Syr Darya da Zarafshan, wanda fãra daga dutsen gleiser da ake kira da wannan sunan. Kamar yadda Zeravshan da aikin gandu da abinci mai kyau daga narkewa glaciers, manyan reserves na samar da wutar lantarki. Amfani da ruwa da filayen ƙasar.

A tarihin Khujand

Khujand shekara dubu ne cibiyar wayewa a Asiya ta tsakiya. Location of birnin gudunmwar da m ci gaba da wadata. Coeval na zamanin d birane kamar Samarkand, Khiva, Buhari, ya sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga ci gaban wannan yankin na Asiya ta tsakiya.

Ta hanyar shi ya wuce da Great Silk Road. Khujand fatake, ya dawo daga ƙasashe masu nisa, kawo ba kawai kasashen waje kayayyakin, amma kuma ilimi. A birnin wadãta, babban zama na mazaunan kauyuka da suke kewaye da aka noma da dabba husbandry. Yana ci gaba da sana'o'i. A musamman wuri ne shagaltar da cinikayya.

Rich gabashin birnin, ya akai-akai da aka mamaye da invaders, wanda mafarkin zuwa nasara da kuma washe shi. Amma tarihi ya kiyaye su shaida na mamaya sojojin Aleksandra Makedonskogo gefuna da cewa ci gaba da birni da kuma gudummawar ta zuwa ga ci gaba. Ya samu wani sabon sunan Alexandria Eskhata (Extreme).

A mamayewa na Tatars gaba daya ma share shi daga fuskar duniya. Amma birnin da aka mayar. Wannan gudummawar ta zuwa ga m wuri.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Rasha Empire

Ƙarni wuce, birnin hankali dakatar da ci gaba da kuma fara wasa tausayin, lardin rawa a cikin rayuwa na Asiya ta tsakiya. A tuki matsayi ne shagaltar da Samarkand, Buhari, Kokand. Na yawan aiki a aikin noma, da kuma kawai karamin sashi na farauta crafts, musamman saƙa siliki yadudduka.

A 1866, birnin Khujand da aka ci nasarar da Rasha sojojin da aka hada a Rasha Empire. Construction na Railway hũra sabuwar rayuwa a cikin shi. Ya zama cibiyar da rarrabawa da hanyoyi da gama Fergana, Zeravshan Valley da kuma Uzbekistan zango.

A birnin aika da reluwe ma'aikata, injiniyoyi domin gina da kuma goyon baya na jirgin tashoshin. Duk da haka, da likitoci, da malamai zo tare da su. makarantu da kuma asibitoci da aka bude. Akwai kananan handicraft masana'antu. Wannan aka yuwuwa ta da albarkatun kasa, musamman mai, wadanda ba ferrous karafa.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet

Duk da gagarumin ci gaban birnin, ya zauna da baya da baya yankuna na Rasha Empire da kananan artisanal Enterprises, mafi yawa saƙa. A mafi girma flowering na Leninabad yankin kai a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Aka gina sabon kasuwanci, kerata haihuwa. A yankin zo zuwa Ƙwararren ma'aikaci: injiniyoyi, da ma'aikata, da likitoci, da malamai, da masana kimiyya suka yi, an nazari albarkatun. Bude makarantu, asibitoci, cibiyoyin koyon sana'o'in hannu, don ya shirya sabon ma'aikata, ciki har da wadanda daga yankin.

Khujand aka sake masa suna zuwa Leninabad. Ya zama Gudanarwa cibiyar na yankin hada 8 garuruwa da suka ci gaba kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma masana'antu. A yankin fara cire kwal, man fetur, tutiya, gubar, tungsten, molybdenum, antimony da Mercury. da most tama karafa da kuma aiki da kamfanonin da aka gina. A Leninabad da aka gina a manyan shuka na siliki yadudduka.

Fiye da wata uku na jimlar masana'antu fitarwa na jamhuriyar ya Leninabad yankin. Tajik SSR a ta fuskar samu da masana'antu da tattalin arziki da shugaba.

Cities Leninabad (sogdi) filin

Saboda yawan cibiyoyin located a kan karkararta, da manyan matsayi a cikin tattalin arzikin na Tajikistan dauki Leninabad yankin. Cities kunshe a abun da ke ciki, da wani babban masana'antu Enterprises, daga gare su akwai na musamman.

A cikin duka, yankin kunshi 8 birane, ciki har da Leninabad. Da yawa daga cikinsu suna da dogon tarihi da kuma taka muhimmiyar bangare, a shekarun baya. Mafi yawa daga cikin birane sun masana'antu kashin na Leninabad yankin:

• Istravshan (Uroteppa). Located a cikin kwaruruka na Turkestan kewayon 78 kilomita daga yankin cibiyar. Ya na zaune a cikin ita 63 dubu mutane.
• Isfara birni, dake a cikin kwaruruka na Turkestan iyaka a cikin Isfara kogin. Home zuwa 43.000 mutane.
• Kairakum (Khodjent). Yana dake a cikin Kara Kum tafki. Home zuwa 43.000 mutane.
• Panjakent aka located a kan kogin Zarafshan, a tsawon 900 mita saman teku matakin. The yawan 36,5 dubu mutane.

Khujand

Leninabad, ta zamani, Khujand, daya daga cikin mafi kyau birane a cikin Fergana Valley. Firam da dutsen ridges, a rana-drenched, lush gidãjen Aljanna da furanni, shi ne mai gaskiya zango. Syr Darya da Karakum tafki sa shi a m sauyin yanayi, da kuma kudancin zafi da aka canjawa wuri sauƙi. Duwatsu kare shi daga zafi hamada iskõki na bazara da kuma sanyi, a hunturu.

City Leninabad Leninabad yankin da kuma shagaltar da wani abu matsayi a cikin tattalin arzikin na Tajik Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar, wanda ya taimaka wajen rashin wadata. Raya ababen more rayuwa na gari. Gina sabon na zama yankunan, makarantu, asibitoci, kindergartens, na al'adu, wasanni da wurin. A birnin Pedagogical Cibiyar suka buɗe, da yawa na fasaha makarantu da kwalejoji. trolleybus Lines da aka aza domin inganta sufuri da wadata.

Da yawa da hankali da aka biya zuwa Monuments na gine-gine, sabuntawa ayyukan da aka kwashe. gudanar da archaeological tono a cikin kusanci da birnin. Bude Local Tarihi Museum, Musical Comedy Theater. Botanical Garden na Academy of Sciences na Tajik SSR aka kafa.

Leninabad zama wani masana'antu cibiyar na Asiya ta tsakiya. Yana aiki a manyan yawan manyan kamfanonin: Hada siliki yadudduka, grenazhny, auduga gin, gilashin ganga, lantarki shuke-shuke, madara da kuma canning shuka da kuma more.

birni Taboshar

A yankin akwai kananan jin dadi gari Taboshar. Leninabad yankin (Tajikistan) yana da yawan garuruwa da kauyuka da cewa yana da dabarun muhimmancin da tarayyar Soviet. Kusa da Taboshar ne wadãtattu adibas na polymetallic ores dauke da yafi tutiya da ɓatar da su, tare da hanyar da na cirewa azurfa, da zinariya, da tagulla, bismuth, da kuma da dama sauran karafa.

Kusa ne "tailing" - dumping tama aiki sharar gida. Akwai fiye da shekaru 20 na mined uranium, wanda aka sarrafa a cikin wani nan kusa Chkalovsk. A birnin shuka "Star na Gabas", wanda nuna sassa da injuna domin dabarun da makamai masu linzami sarrafa tun 1968. Yanzu suna conserved, tun da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, mafi mazauna koma Rasha da kuma sauran kasashe. A birni shi ne gida da tura 'yan ƙasa daga Yammacin Ukraine, Baltic da kuma Volga Jamusawa.

Yau garin yana da kawai 13.5 dubu mutane, wanda mafi yawansu ba su da aikin. Da zarar an cika cunkus, jin dadi da kuma kyakkyawan gari tare da blackberry bushes da furanni a cikin gidãjen Aljanna da kuma a cikin spring birnin da aka binne shi a cikin hazo flowering apricots a kan wanda swirled malam da dragonflies.

birni Chkalovsk

Gina a shekarar 1946, da Leninabad Mining da kuma Chemical Hada ya ba ta haifi wani gari da ake kira "Chkalov". Leninabad yankin samu wani gari a cikin abun da ke ciki. Yau, akwai game da 21 da mutane dubu. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet game da 80% na tsohon mazaunan bar shiri.

Shuka ya ba Yunƙurin ba kawai, zuwa ga birnin, amma kuma na farko nukiliya reactor da farko Soviet atomic bam, wanda aka cika wadãtar da uranium, samar a shuka. A albarkatun kasa zo daga dukkan bangarori na Asiya ta tsakiya da kuma Ferghana Valley, wanda aka mai yawa.

A site na gari aka gina shi wani jin dadi da kauye cikin abin da suka zauna magina da kuma ma'aikata na shuka. Tare da ci gaban girma da kuma kauye, wanda aka sanya birni matsayi a shekarar 1956. A Chkalovsk da mafi kyau makarantu, kindergartens, asibitoci, cinemas kuma ko da biyu wasan kwaikwayo.

Kewaye da greenery da kuma furanni, tare da ɓullo da kayayyakin more rayuwa - a cikin wannan birni ya tuna 'yan kasarta da suka bar shi. A halin yanzu gwamnati na Buston, wani sunan da ya samu a zamaninmu, shi ne matalauci. Da zarar iko Enterprises ba aiki, a cikin gidajensu ba ko da yaushe ruwa, sau da yawa yanke wutar lantarki, tilasta sauran mazaunan barin wurin zama.

Areas Leninabad yankin

Kasa wuri Leninabad yankin, Syrdarya River da kuma Zarafshan, Kara Kum tafki halitta sharadi gwargwado ga noma. A ko'ina cikin ƙasa na yankin karya gõnaki da filayen, a cikin abin da babban adadin kayan lambu suna girma. Ko da a cikin Soviet sau akwai tsire-tsire domin aiki da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu da aka gina. A yankin akwai 14 noma gundumomi. Kasa ne a jerin gundumomi da kuma yawan mazauna (dubbai):

• Aini - 76,9.
• Asht - 151,6.
• Bobo Gafurov - 347,4.
• Devashtich - 154,3.
• Gorno-Matchinskiy- 22,8.
• Jabbar-Rasulov - 125,0.
• Zafarabad - 67,4.
• Istaravshan - 185,6.
• Isfara - 204,5.
• Kanibadam - 146,3.
• Matcha - 113,4.
• Panjakent - 231,2.
• Spitamen - 128,7.
• Shahristan - 38.5.

Jagoranci matsayi a cikin aiki da dabbobi da kayayyakin a cikin Jamhuriyar dauki Leninabad yankin, yankunan suna tsunduma a samar da madara, nama - wannan shi ne babban mayar da hankali da dabbobi da yawa. A cikin kwaruruka tsunduma a kiwo na awaki da tumaki. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya zuwa namo auduga.

Khojent yanki

Renaming ya ba kare da babbar, Khojent yankin. Leninabad yankin ya zama Sogd yankin, birnin Leninabad daukawa sunan Khujand, Khojent yanki da aka mai suna Bobo Gafurov. Its administrative cibiyar - da shiri Gafurov.

A yankin da aka located a cikin Ferghana kwarin da yake mafi cigaban da kuma babban aikin gona a yankin Leninabad (Sogd yankin). A arewa na da iyaka tare da Uzbekistan yankin, a kudu - da Kyrgyzstan. A cikin ƙasa akwai manyan auduga ma'aikata, da kananan abinci Enterprises.

Yankin ne m zuwa yankin cibiyar, don haka mayar da hankali a kan aikin gona da samar da abinci. Yana SUPPLiES da mazauna Khujand 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu, wanda a yankin na babban yawan, kazalika da madara da nama.