Leishmaniasis a dabbobi: Bayyanar cututtuka, bincike da kuma magance

Leishmaniasis ne cutar dabbobi lalacewa ta hanyar wani kwayuka m. Wannan m na HALITTAR Leishmania aka ɗauke da sauro. A baza cutar da taimako zuwa biyu cikin gida da kuma daji dabbobi masu shayarwa. Leishmaniasis iya zama visceral ko cutaneous.

etiology

A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar daga cikin m faruwa tare da wani canji na masu: vertabrate, ciki har da mutane, da kuma m - cizon sauro. Leishmania jinsunan auku 2 - flagellated parasitizing jikuna a jini-tsotsa kwari da kuma bezzhgutikovaya - macrophages a rundunar Kwayoyin.

Rarraba leishmaniasis a dabbobi da yafi endemic. A wannan yanayin, mafi yawan lokuta rajista a kasashe masu tasowa. A 32 ƙasashe, da cutar da shi ne batun m rajista.

A karo na farko a cikin wata dabba leishmaniasis a Rasha da shi da aka gano a 1909. Wannan harka damu da karnuka na Caucasus. Daga 2008 zuwa 2010, 52 lokuta da wannan cuta a cikin karnuka da aka rajista, a Ukraine.

epizootology

Haka kuma cutar farawa daga kamuwa da dabbobi ko mutane. Kwari da bloodsucking samun amastigote, wanda aka fara rayayye kiwon waddan a cikin Gut. 8-10 kwanaki amastigote canza kama zuwa wani cin zali tsari, mai karfi a cikin sauro proboscis kuma gaban sassan na hanji. Lokaci na gaba da ka ciji m m shiga cikin jini da kuma kashin baya a fara haifa. Just a rana a wani cell iya zama fiye da 200 guda amostigot. Maƙil m Kwayoyin suna hallaka, amastigote suna kama da makwabtaka Kwayoyin a cikin abin da aiwatar da aka maimaita. Saboda haka, leishmania ne a cikin fata, bargo, hanta, Lymph nodes ko wani sauran gabobin.

A shiryawa zamani

Dangane da siffar da asibitin ne daban-daban cutar. A shiryawa zamani na visceral leishmaniasis iya wuce har zuwa watanni 10, masu tasowa, a hankali.

Skin Leishmaniasis yana bunkasa cikin sauri, ta shiryawa zamani ne sosai takaice.

shaida

Cuta yiwuwa dabbobi da kowane zamani da kuma jinsi. A matasa dabbobi a farkon matakai da wuya nuna bayyanar cututtuka, wadda take kaiwa zuwa marigayi ganewar asali, da kuma babban kaso na mutuwar. Wasu nazarin ya nuna cewa mafi saukin kamuwa zuwa leishmaniasis dabbobi shekaru 3-5 shekaru.

Leishmaniasis a cikin dabbobi, photos na wanda za a iya gani a nan, an gudanar da gargajiya makirci, shafi dukkan gabobin da kuma Kwayoyin na dabba.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis fara da bayyanar nodules a shafin na cizo m. A tsawon lokaci, wadannan nodules daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin ulcers. Mafi saukin kamuwa da cuta farko wurare a kusa da idanu, karan hanci da kunnuwa na dabba.

A wannan nau'i na cutar na iya sha kasãla ga wani shekara ko ma ya fi tsayi. A mutuwa na dabba a wannan mataki ne musamman rare. Visceral leishmaniasis ya auku fiye da wuya: shi iya zama m ko na kullum. Idan akwai wani nau'i na zazzabi, akwai wani janar ciki na dabba, mai tsanani nauyi asara.

Lokaci guda tare da sauran alamu na dabba haƙuri ɓullo da conjunctivitis, anemia, bacin ne sau da yawa kiyaye. Akwai tsammãninsa ya zama inna ko paresis, muhimmanci sosai hemodynamics. Tun a ƙarƙashin rinjayar parasitic kwayoyin halakar da sannu a hankali, rashin lafiyan ko mai guba halayen.

A lokacin multiplication na Leishmania ƙãra hanta, Lymph nodes da baƙin ciki. A m nau'i na cutar ne mafi hankula ga matasa dabbobi. Yawancin lokaci, mutuwa na faruwa a cikin 'yan watanni bayan na farko da ãyõyin cuta. Rare lokuta da lokuta na dawo.

A visceral leishmaniasis cikin wani nau'i na sauka a hankali karfafa dabba ta jiki rauni, ta ƙara gajiya. Skin blanch, ci rage. A wannan mataki, kana za a iya gani da palpation kara girman baƙin ciki. A kadan karuwa a yawan zafin jiki ya auku. Idan zafin jiki ne ƙara muhimmanci, shi ya nuna da tsawo daga cutar. Irin wannan tafarkin da cutar na iya wuce wa zuwa watanni 3.

anemia, cachexia iya fara a lokacin da ci gaban da cutar. Faruwa a kan mucous yankunan shafi necrosis. Za ka iya samun cutar zuciya.

Leishmaniasis a dabbobi a cikin nau'i na fata ya auku a cikin 10-20 kwanaki. Da farko akwai papule diamita na game da 3 cm. Bayan kimanin makonni 2 riga yiwu mu tsayar da necrotic cibiyar kewaye nadi infiltrated fata da copious secretions. Ba da nisa daga primary leyshmanomy kafa sakandare bumps cewa juya zuwa sabon ulcers. A tsawon lokaci, duk da annoba ci a cikin daya manyan cibiyar. Tare da ta dace da kuma dace lura da wadannan ulcers warkar da a cikin 'yan watanni, a wurin da suke, akwai kasance gagarumin scars cewa suna da wuya rufe gashi sake. A bumps da sores ne kusan m tsarin.

rikitarwa

A isasshe tsawon lokaci hanya da cuta ne babban hadarin da bunkasa nephritis, diathesis, ciwon huhu, agranulocytosis. High Yiwuwar suppurative necrotizing kumburi. Tare da wani gagarumin rauni na jiki zai yiwu babu ja Gabar lalacewar hangen nesa.

bincikowa da

Lokacin da leishmaniasis gudanar da daban-daban karatu su gane causative wakili. Saboda haka, cikakken jini analysis iya nuna karin ESR, hypochromic anemia, low maida hankali platelets. Biochemistry bayyanãwa hypergammaglobulinemia. Cutaneous leishmaniasis a dabbobi kamu bayan kadaici da pathogen daga ulcers da tubercles. Visceral Leishmania gano a cikin jini al'adu. A wasu lokuta, a biopsy aka yi da daban-daban gabobin.

A ANNOBA karatu samar da wani fata gwajin tare da leyshmaninom (Montenegro dauki).

A halin yanzu, ci gaban sabon hanyoyin da ganewar asali leishmaniasis, tun da waɗanda suke a halin yanzu samuwa, bukatar gagarumin abu halin kaka da kuma dauka da yawa lokaci.

Ulcers da leishmaniasis kamar foci a Anthrax carbuncle, don haka ga wani cikakken ganewar asali an fi son ya kauce wa gaban na wakili na Anthrax.

Outlook

Leishmaniasis a wata dabba wucewa a m, wani lokacin ƙare da wani zaman kanta dawo. Tare dace ganewar asali da kuma dace likita shiga tsakani m ƙarshe da cuta ne kamar yadda mai girma. A tsanani, idan kamu mutane da rauni rigakafi, in babu pharmacological taimako m mutuwa. Leishmaniasis fata ko da yaushe ya fita scars ko scars.

magani

Leishmaniasis dabbobi bi da tare da pentavalent antimony kwayoyi. Wannan irin magani "Glyukantima", "Solyusurmina" ko "Neostibozana". Lokacin da visceral nau'i na cuta, wadannan kwayoyi an gudanar intravenously kan 7-10 kwana tare da sauka a hankali karuwa a shawarar kashi. A hali na kasa tasiri na magani connect "Amphotericin B", wanda aka allura sannu a hankali intravenously a hade tare da 5% glucose bayani.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis a dabbobi a wani wuri mataki za a iya warke daga alura hillocks "monomitsin" "Urotopinom". Bugu da ari injections suna sanya ta cikin wannan ruwan shafa fuska shirye-shirye. Idan wani miki ya riga ya kafa, nema intramuscular nufin "Miramistin". Don hanzarta aiwatar da tightening ulcers, shi shawarar yin amfani da Laser far.

Ajiyayyen nufin a cutar ne "Pentamidine" da "Amphotericin B", wanda aka sanya a lokuta m jure gargajiya formulations ko a cutar ta koma dawowa daga kamuwa da cuta.

Domin inganta tasiri na magani aka kara recombinant interferon gamma raya domin lura da mutane.

A rare lokuta, shi wajibi ne don warkar da kau da baƙin ciki surgically.

Duk da dukan matakan dauka ya rabu da mu cutar, ko da bayan cikakken maida dabba pathogen daga jiki na leishmaniasis iya ba gaba daya bace.

rigakafin

A lokacin, akwai wani hanya zuwa kajin dabbobi da mutane. Domin kariya daga cizon na Phlebotomus shi shawarar yin amfani da musamman kwari, tsara don dabbobi amfani.

Kamar yadda rigakafin leishmaniasis a cikin kwaminonin a hadarin, narkar shiri shafukan da sauro sanya disinfestation wurare.

A gano cutar a gida dabbobi masu shayarwa, da masu yarda chemoprophylaxis "pyrimethamine."

Bayan ganewa na cuta a cikin dabbobin daji domin su hana daga halakar waɗannan dabbobi ne shawarar zuwa ga kammala tsiyacewa na saura.

Acewar mutane

Fiye da mutane 350 akwai mutane miliyan a halin yanzu a hadarin kamuwa da cuta. Foci na leishmaniasis aka yada a kan sararin yankunan Asiya da Turai. A fannoni daban daban na vectors na leishmaniasis - yana zaune a can jini-tsotsa kwari. Lokuta da visceral leishmaniasis rajista a Ukraine, Arewa Ossetia, a cikin Crimean steppes, duwãtsu na Caucasus da kuma wasu sauran yankuna.

Da cutar ba a daukar kwayar cutar kai tsaye daga dabbobi zuwa ga mutum, amma lokacin da na farko kamuwa prophylaxis bada shawarar ga mutane, saboda gaskiyar da cutar nuna gaban ta dako.

effects

Leishmaniasis - Waɗannan su ne cututtuka, wanda ba samar da antibodies. Haka kuma, da rashin lafiya dabba ko da mutum Can kuma a karo na biyu da kuma na uku. Duk da haka, irin haka ne musamman rare, don haka abu ne mai wuya cewa dabba zai iya tsira fiye da biyu maimaita cututtuka.

Don hana kōmōwa cutar kwayoyi shawarar domin magani, nema kowane watanni shida. Duk da haka, irin wannan m amfani iya haifar da ci gaban da juriya da kwayoyin kuma mai guba effects.

Bayan da cutar dabba yana bukatar wani dogon fi, kamar yadda a cikin hali na m ko cikakken kau da gawawwakin ne a surgically dieting.

Leishmaniasis a dabbobi - shi ne hadarin gaske musamman da insidious cuta, haka suke zaune a disadvantaged yankunan kamata a hankali da sanya idanu ga Pet ga bayyanar da farko bayyanar cututtuka (ko tuhuma da cuta) ya zama a kan lokaci don samar da zama dole taimako.