Lake Ladoga: description, zurfin, topography, kifi

Lake Ladoga - daya daga cikin mafi girma a ruwa tare jikuna a Turai. A wannan labarin, za mu so ka yi magana game da inda yake Lake Ladoga, wanda yanayi da sauyin yanayi na ta Coast. Yana yana da isasshen ban sha'awa fasali. Nature nan ne musamman kyau.

Location Lake wuri

Ina Lake Ladoga? Sashe na daga shi aka located in Karelia (gabashin da kuma arewacin tekun) da kuma a cikin Birnin Leningrad yankin (arewa maso gabashin, kudu maso gabashin, kudu maso yammacin). A ta gaba ne birane kamar New Ladoga, Priozersk, Shlisselburg, Sortavala, Lahdenpohja Pitkyaranta.

Ladoga lake is located a kan taswira a lokaci guda kuma a cikin Birnin Leningrad yankin da kuma Karelia. Yana da quite babban. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma tsibiran. Lake Ladoga yanki ne 17,9 murabba'in kilomita, ban da tsibirin yankunan. Yana lullube daga arewa zuwa kudu a kan ɗari biyu goma sha tara kilomita. Its sosai m masauki na ɗari da talatin da takwas kilomita. Amince m size. A cewar wadannan sigogi, za ka iya kimanta abin da yanki na Lake Ladoga.

A zurfin kandami a arewacin yankin jeri daga saba'in zuwa ɗari biyu da talatin da mita, da kuma a kudancin ashirin zuwa saba'in mita. Kamar yadda ka gani, da zurfin Lake Ladoga ne sosai iri-irin, da kuma mafi muhimmanci shi ne a cikin yankin arewacin tafki. A girma na ruwa taro ne tara zuwa takwas cubic mita.

Rivers da kuma tsibiran na Lake Ladoga

A kandami empties cikin talatin da biyar waɗansu kõguna. Amma yana daukan daga farkon kawai daya - Neva. A kudancin bakin tafkin akwai uku manyan bays: Volkhov, Svir da Schliesselburg lebe.

The most kogin sunã gudãna a cikin Lake Ladoga - Svir. Ta zo da shi ruwa na Lake Onega. Ko da a cikin tafki gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu, kamar Avloga, Maurier, m, Ayrayoki, Vidlitsa, Obzhanka, Sjas, Olonka da sauransu.

Dole ne in ce cewa a Ladoga Lake ruwa matakin ne ba m. Ya ne kullum fluctuating, kuma shi ne na ƙwarai gani a fari makada a kan kankara, da barin ruwan.

A tsibirin na Lake Ladoga ne isasshe da yawa. Akwai game 660. Su duka yanki ne ɗari huɗu da talatin da biyar murabba'in kilomita. Ba dole ne a ce cewa fiye da ɗari biyar tsibiran aka located a arewacin tafki. Wannan ne m yankin.

The most tsibirin:

1. Riekkalansari - 55.3 km. sq.
2. Mantsinsaari Island - 39,4 km. sq.
3. Kilpola - 32,1 km. sq.
4. Tulolansari - 30,3 km. sq.
5. Ba'al - 27,8 km. sq.

A mafi yawan sanannun a kan lake ne Valaam tsibirin. Su ne wani tarin tsiburai hamsin tsibiran da duka yanki na game da talatin da shida murabba'in kilomita. Sun zama shahararren saboda Valaam sufi, located a kan babban tsibirin, da kuma Nativity na Uwar sufi a tsibirin Konevets.

A labarin da lake

Lake Ladoga an zubar da cikin kwari, wanda yana da glacial tectonic asalin. Uku ko hudu da ɗari shekaru miliyan da suka wuce, da dukan yankin na lake, kuma ta tasa an rufe teku.

A zamani taimako da aka kafa ta gleiser aiki. Babban factor shi ne canji a teku matakin, akwai wani Yunƙurin a ƙasar. Bayan gleiser raguwa, kafa Baltic ruwa tare glacial lake. Daga baya wannan ruwa tafki bar a kan ƙasa na zamani Switzerland. Kuma akwai aka kafa Yoldia Sea.

Tara da rabi shekara dubu da suka wuce saboda ƙasar dawo da bayyana Ancylus Lake. Karelian Isthmus, shi ne alaka da wani ƙunci daga Lake Ladoga. Amma takwas da rabi shekara dubu da suka wuce, da gudana tectonic matakai sun bude Danish straits, da kuma kafa Littorina Sea. Wannan, bi da bi, ya kai ga zargin da Karelian Isthmus, da kuma, a gaskiya, da samuwar Ladoga lake. A cikin shekaru biyu da rabi da shekara dubu na taimako a cikin wadannan yankunan ya canza ba.

A arewacin lake is located a kan Baltic Shield, kudancin - a Gabas Turai dandali. Yana da a rarrabawa da wadannan saman akwai wani matsakaicin zurfin Lake Ladoga.

yanayin damina

Lake Ladoga yana da wani temperate sauyin yanayi kamar yadda ta samar da wata miƙa mulki daga teku zuwa moderately temperate nahiyar. Wadannan yanayin damina aka bayyana sosai kawai. A ɓangaren da na Lake Ladoga da yanayi dabam dabam na yankin ya jagoranci wani sauyin yanayi.

Dole ne in ce cewa wadannan wurare ne ba haka ba kwanaki da yawa na sunshine a shekara. Kuma Saboda haka, adadin da hasken rana zafi shigar da ƙasa ne, ba haka manyan. Saboda haka da danshi evaporates sosai a hankali. Domin watanni 12 a can iya zama a matsayin kadan kamar yadda sittin da biyu rana kwanaki. Mafi yawa daga cikin shekara, a wannan yankin da aka mamaye da kwanaki tare da gizagizai, m weather, diffused lighting.

Wasanni a kan Lake Ladoga mafi shirin na zamani daga ashirin da biyar ranar May kan Yuli 17, sa'an nan a nan za ka iya duba da tsakar dare rana. Wadannan kwanaki, rana ba saukad da ke ƙasa da sararin sama, da safe da maraice da magariba garwaya a cikin guda naúrar. A general, da tsakar dare rana yana game hamsin kwana.

Ya kamata a lura cewa Lake Ladoga kanta ma yana da wani tasiri a kan na gida sauyin yanayi, matsananci smoothing halaye. A ko'ina cikin shekara, a nan ne mamaye kudu-westerly da westerly iskõki. Shiru da kuma kwantar da hankula weather ne sosai rare. Wani lokacin da iska hadari ne Manuniya.

A Coast akwai breezes a lokacin rani kwana da dare. Sun fara a game da tara da safe da kuma ci gaba har guda takwas a cikin maraice. Breezes shiga m for goma sha biyar kilomita. Fogs ne kiyaye mafi akai-akai a cikin bazara, kaka da kuma bazara.

Shoreline na lake

A shoreline na Lake Ladoga ne fiye da dubu kilomita. A arewacin gaba - da wani dutse, mai karko, kafa da yawa peninsulas da kuma kunkuntar bays da kananan tsibiran, rabu da Straits.

Ta Kudu da shoreline ne low. Shi ne kasa indented kuma sau da yawa zafi da ruwa kadan. The tekun ne gaba daya m reefs, bankuna da kuma Shoals. Volkhov, Svir da Schliesselburg lebe - mafi girma a bays na Lake Ladoga.

Eastern tekun sosai kadan indented. Akwai biyu Bay: Uksunlahti da Lunkulanlahti. A wannan bangare akwai m rairayin bakin teku da lafiya yashi.

Yammacin bakin tafki ko da kasa indented. Ne gaba ɗaya aladu m gauraye gandun daji da kuma shrubs, wanda aka hankali kewaye da ruwa. Tudu da aka barjat boulders placers. Stone kunya wani lokaci tafi da nisa daga Cape of m lake, sa'an nan ya kafa m Shoals.

The taimako na lake kasa

Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, da taimako na lake kasa, kuma yana da wadanda ba uniform zurfin da bayyana karuwa daga kudu zuwa arewa. Za mu iya cewa da talakawan zurfin tafki ne game da hamsin da mita, kuma mafi girma - da ɗari biyu da talatin da uku mita (ga arewa na tsibirin Valaam). Lake Ladoga a yankin arewacin yana da wani sosai m kasa. An gaba ɗaya warwatse kwaruruka. Kuma a kudancin yankin na kasa na tafiyar da al'amarin, mafi ko. Lake Ladoga ne a takwas wurin mafi zurfi tabkuna a Rasha.

lake ruwa tsabta ne daban-daban a cikin daban-daban bankuna. Magangara mafi ƙasƙanci rates ne kiyaye a cikin Gulf Volkhov lebe, kuma mafi girma - a yamma na tsibirin Valaam.

A lokacin da wani karfi hadari ruwa a cikin tafkin, suka ce, tafasa da kuma tafasa, shi ne rufe gaba daya da kumfa.

Ice za a iya rufe kawai tsakiyar ɓangare na tafki, kuma kawai a mai tsanani hunturu. Tsawo sanyi lokaci take kaiwa zuwa wani karfi da sanyaya ruwa, saboda haka ruwa a cikin tafkin ne sanyi har ma a lokacin rani. Ta iya dumama kawai a cikin bakin ciki babba Layer, da kuma kunkuntar jihar bakin teku tsiri. Matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki na surface ruwa a watan Agusta, a lokacin da yake da ashirin da hudu digiri. The lake ruwa ne sabo ne, da kuma, bisa manufa, mai tsabta isa, fãce ga waɗanda wuraren da muke da zama stock masana'antu gurbatawa.

The darajar tattalin arziki na lake

A wuri inda yake Lake Ladoga, ya sa shi tsanani da tattalin arziki muhimmanci ga kasar. Gaskiyar cewa lake ne navigable, yana da muhimmanci ga yankin. An dauke a matsayin wani sashi na babban ruwa line, kashi na Volga-Baltic hanya kazalika White Sea da Baltic tashar.

Mai shipping ne kudancin Lake Ladoga ga Neva da Svir. Tun tafki yana da tsanani girma, sa'an nan akwai sau da yawa hadari, musamman a cikin fall. A irin wannan sau, duk shipping tsaya a nan ba domin kare lafiya na fasinja jiragen ruwa.

Tun kafuwar Petersburg Lake ya zama wani ɓangare na wani hadade ruwa sufuri tsarin na arewacin Rasha. Don amintaccen kewayawa tare kudancin bakin tekun da aka aza Ladoga Canal. Da zarar shi ya bai isa ba, da kuma ko sharewa Ladoga tashar tsawon na mutum ɗari da sittin da tara kilomita.

Ladoga Canal ne yanzu kusan gaba daya bushe, kuma overgrown. A na biyu tashar, kuma wannan rana ne navigable. A wannan shekarar, lake aka hawa zuwa miliyan takwas ton na kaya. A cikin Baltic Sea tare da Volga kai man fetur kayayyakin, da sinadaran raw kayan, kayan gini, itace. Bayan haka, Ladoga dubban fasinjoji hawa a kowace shekara.

Daga Moscow, St. Petersburg da kuma sauran birane aikata yawacen duniya ta ruwa (yawon shakatawa) a tsibirin Valaam da Konevets. Jirãge kira a kan Valaam tarin tsiburai, ne a tsakiyar tafkin ruwan, wanda ba a bayyane kashe bakin tekun. Kuma a lõkacin da tsananin iska za a iya ji yawa pitching.

Shirya zirga-zirgar fasinja a kan Ladoga akwai. Duk da haka, sau biyu a rana a wasu yankunan a lokacin da maɓallin lokaci gudu jiragen tafiya makõma.

Kifi rai a cikin ruwan tafkin

Kifi Lake Ladoga yana da kasuwanci darajar. Kama goma jinsunan, daga abin da ya fi rare whitefish, smelt, ripus. Popular mai yawa a cikin tafkin ne walleye da whitefish.

Wasanni a kan Lake Ladoga

Duk da cewa da ruwa a cikin Lake Ladoga zauna sanyi har ma a lokacin rani, shi janyo hankalin manyan lambobi na yawon bude ido. Kamar yadda muka ce a baya, a bakin tekun akwai kyakkyawan yashi rairayin bakin teku. Daga cikin yawon bude ido ne musamman m arewa na tsibirin. Lokaci mafi kyau ga tafiya a kan wani kayak a kan lake - a watan Yuni da Yuli. A bit kusa da fall farko na cikin hadari, inda ruwan da tashin hankali kamar yadda a cikin teku.

A nan a cikin tafkin akwai Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve. An located a dama kogin Svir. Buffer zone - swampy dausayi na duniya muhimmancin. Su ban sha'awa a cewa suna nesting cikin ruwa da kuma migratory tsuntsaye. A wannan yanki rubuta 256 daban-daban jinsunan tsuntsaye.

Musamman sha'awa jin dadin da yawon bude ido da tsibirin Valaam. Ya rufe gaba daya da Pine gandun daji. Tsibirin yana da wani tsohon sufi, wanda aka kafa a tara-goma sha ɗaya ƙarni.

Har ila yau, vacationers son ziyarci Konevsky tsibirin inda akwai wani sufi. Wannan sunan tsibirin ya ta doki-dutse dutse, located a nan. Har zuwa karshen karni na sha tara, wannan dutse ya mai wurinta. Babban janye ne Church of Nativity na Albarka Virgin, a cikin ƙasa na sufi.

tarihi baya

Novgorod ga dama ƙarni yana a kan Lake Ladoga soja da kuma m sojojin ruwa. Geographic bayanai samu zuwa yamma cartographers a kuma waɗannan kwanaki. Lake Ladoga a kan taswira Moscow Jihar bayyana a cikin 1544. Yana sanya Jamus masanin Sebastian Münster.

A zane na Rasha Fedorom Godunovym aka girke a 1600. A da lake mai rufi da fairly babban mataki na daidaito. A tsakiyar karni na sha takwas da aka sanya katin ba kawai na Lake Ladoga, amma wucin gadi tashar.

Novaya Ladoga

Novaya Ladoga - daya daga cikin kauyuka a kan gaba na Lake Ladoga. An located a gefen hagu na Volkhov kogi a wurin inda ta gudana a cikin lake. A birnin da aka kafa a 1704 da Sarkin sarakuna Peter Mai girma. Akwai zauna a manyan yawan tarihi Monuments wanda zai iya zama ban sha'awa ga baƙi da kuma yawon bude ido.

Shlisselburg

A birni ne dake a bakin Lake Ladoga. Yana da aka kafa ta Prince of Novgorod Yuri Danilovich a 1323, wanda shi ne a tsibirin goro aza katako sansanin soja. Daga baya, ta kama da Swedes, sake suna da shi Noteburg. Kuma a cikin 1702, da sansanin soja da aka ci nasarar da Bitrus Mai girma. Ya sa'an nan ya ba da shi ta ba sunan. A garin ma yana da nasa jan hankali: Ladoga Canal, da Oreshek sansanin soja Bitrus da Great abin tunawa, Cathedral na Gaske Shelar, St. Nicholas Church.

Priozersk

A wannan lokaci Karelian shiri ya rayu a cikin goma sha biyu karni. A 1310 Novgorod a bakin Kogin Yufiretis Vuoksi aka gina babban birnin kasar sansanin soja da ake kira Korela. Daga baya da aka buxa ta Swedes. Amma a 1710, ta sake ya tafi zuwa ga Rasha Empire.

Lake Ladoga da kewaye yankin - sosai ban sha'awa wuri domin yawon bude ido. Ba wai kawai za ka iya sha'awan da kyau na halitta, kai jirgin ruwan tafiye-tafiye zuwa ziyarci tsibirin, amma kuma a ga tarihi Monuments kiyaye to mu lokaci.