Kwayoyin "magani": umarnin don amfani, real takwarorinsu

Yanzu magani daga cututtuka tafiyar matakai, shi ne ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da yin amfani da antibacterial kwayoyi. The har abada kara juriya da kwayoyin da ke sa cikin search for sabon kwayoyi ko amfani da haduwa da haihuwa, tabbatar da maganin rigakafi. Ba a cikin ni'imar da m amfani da antimicrobials aka evidenced da nada uncontrolled m-bakan maganin rigakafi, maimakon na farko kimantawa na ji na ƙwarai Flora zuwa kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiya. Drug "magani", mallakan gagarumin pharmacokinetic da pharmacodynamic abũbuwan amfãni a yawan fluoroquinolones suna ƙara amfani domin lura da cututtuka daban-daban etiologies.

Clinico-pharmacological halaye

A medicament "magani" ko "levofloxacin" (International Nonproprietary Name) ne kwayoyin daga cikin jerin fluoroquinolones, aka yi nufi ga enteral da parenteral hanyoyi na gwamnati.

By ta sosai yanayi "magani" (umurci manual ba daidai irin wannan bayanai) ne monoftorhinolonom - isomer na ofloxacin, kuma a kwatanta da sauran kwayoyi, ya mallaka gagarumin pharmacokinetic abũbuwan amfãni:

• baka bioavailability ne 100%, da mataki na dangantaka da jini da sunadarai a matsayin babban matsayin 40%.
• Matsakaicin jini magani miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ya lura 1-2 sa'o'i bayan baka gwamnati ne m ga cewa wadannan igiyar jini gwamnati.
• "Magani" shi ne halin wani ƙara girma na rarraba a cikin jiki, saboda da m shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin nama.
• Yana yana da dogon rabin-rai da kwayoyin da cewa yana sa kawai guda kashi na da miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace rana.

Ganin cewa wani gagarumin warkewa sakamako fluoroquinolones Yanã m kudi na Yunƙurin a cikin jini taro na warkewa miyagun ƙwayoyi, waccan mujalla da muka pharmacokinetic sigogi samar da kyakkyawan yanayi ga cikakken kawar da kwayoyin.

Bisa ga irin mataki a kan girma da kuma haifuwa na kwayoyin cuta, "magani" yana da wani bactericidal sakamako, impacting ba kawai a kan aiki siffofin pathogenic kwayoyin cuta, amma kuma a cikin vegetative da kuma m.

Metabolism wasu kwayoyi auku a hepatocytes da deacetylation ko hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Duk da haka, game da 5% da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne excreted da kodan kamar yadda metabolites, da saura aka saki ta hanyar glomerular tacewa da kuma tubular mugunya. Ya kamata a lura cewa bayan baka gwamnati da wani gagarumin rabo daga miyagun ƙwayoyi (game da 70%) ne excreted daga jiki a cikin sa'o'i 24 daga fitsari, da kuma game da 80% na kashi ne shafe bayan 48 hours. A rabo daga tukar tumbi da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta cikin gastrointestinal fili ne low kuma shi ne kawai game da 4%.

Lokacin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a allurai a kan 1000 MG da rana (sau biyu-kullum Allunan na 500 MG) akwai kadan alama na tasowa tarawa sakamako.

inji na mataki

Ginshikai na miyagun ƙwayoyi mataki dangane da hanawa na musamman enzyme kira DNA gyrase, wanda aka hannu a cikin kwafi matakai na kayyade abu da stitching m coils a korau Helix DNA. A sakamakon hanawa na enzyme keta matakai na DNA kwafi, cell division, cell mutuwa ya auku.

"Magani": umarnin don amfani da alamomi

Don kwanan wata, babban alamomi ga danganci matakai ne dauke da kwayar cutar kwayan etiology, ya sa ta hanyar mai saukin kamuwa damuwa kwayoyin da kwayoyin a cikin marasa lafiya girmi shekaru 18.

Shiri "magani" m hanyar tabbatar da magani daga numfashi kwayan cututtuka na manya da ƙananan numfashi fili cututtuka kamar m mashako, sinusitis, kumburi cututtuka na huhu nama. Wannan shi ne saboda, a sama da dukan, mãdalla da miyagun ƙwayoyi shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin epithelium na bronchi da kuma huhu inda ko bayan na farko da Drug Administration halitta tasiri taro.

A wannan halitta nasarar amfani da su bi urinary fili kamuwa da cuta (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, da dai sauransu), Biliary fili cututtuka, prostatitis, fata cututtuka, intraabdominal cututtuka da kuma sepsis.

Domin mu bi da cututtuka na Airways "magani" da ake sa (dangane da cutar mai tsanani) 1-2 a rana sau da 500 MG da kwamfutar hannu, ko injectable shiri.

Domin lura da urinary fili cututtuka ne da isasshen kashi na shirye-shiryen da 1, 250 MG sau daya a rana, da kuma a cikin tsanani lokuta, da kullum kashi na iya zama 500 MG ( "magani 500"). Umurnai na amfani ce sau biyu-kullum kashi na 250 MG za a iya maye gurbinsu da guda 500 MG dangane da cutar mai tsanani.

Domin lura da cututtuka na fata da kuma mucous "magani" da aka sanya a cikin wani sashi na 250 MG sau biyu a rana.

contraindications

Cikakkar contraindication zuwa samun miyagun ƙwayoyi ne hypersensitivity da kuma rashin lafiyan halayen a gaban wani tarihi na magunguna fluoroquinolones.

Tabbatacce bayanai game da gwamnati da miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokacin daukar ciki, ba, kamar yadda sarrafawa karatu na teratogenic ko embryotoxic sakamako ba a gudanar.

A ra'ayi na wannan ganawa "magani" ga mata masu ciki ya kamata a kauce masa, fãce a cikin lokuta inda hadarin m na gwamnati na abu ne m fiye da amfanin daga gare ta.

A cikin hali na da miyagun ƙwayoyi a marasa lafiya fama da porphyria, na iya haifar da ƙarin tsanani da cuta.

Tare da musamman hankali jiko bayani ya kamata a yi amfani da su marasa lafiya da kafin raunuka na tsakiya m tsarin (bugun jini, zuciya harin, traumatic kwakwalwa rauni), saboda da high alama na convulsive jihohi.

Ga marasa lafiya da suke aiki tare da hadaddun sunadaran a wurin aiki ko kuma fitar da wani abin hawa, akwai wani musamman umarnin, amma la'akari da yiwuwar illa a tsakiya m tsarin a cikin nau'i na sleepiness, da ruɗewa, da sauransu. Don haka ya kamata dena wannan irin aiki.

illa

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci illa cewa ci gaba a marasa lafiya samun fluoroquinolones, shi ne mai cuta daga guringuntsi lalacewa saboda epiphyseal chondrocytes da nama da kanta. A ra'ayi na wannan magani ne contraindicated a persons karkashin shekaru 18 da haihuwa da kuma mata masu ciki. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin marasa lafiya a kan shekaru 18 na shekaru kan backdrop na dogon lokacin da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi aka lura faru na arthralgia ko tabarbarewa na gidajen abinci. Daga cikin sauran illa ne da wadannan.

A wani ɓangare na gastrointestinal fili - tashin zuciya da amai, asarar ci, bayyanar m majiyai a cikin epigastric yankin, kana iya samun gastrointestinal zub da jini da kuma ci gaban gastroenteritis. kara a transaminases a cikin jini jini.

A wani ɓangare na tsakiya m tsarin - da ci gaban encephalopathy bayyanar cututtuka, ciwon kai, dizziness, asarar sani, barci cuta, da kuma m canje-canje a cikin yanayi, bayyanar paresthesias, hallucinations da rũɗi.

A wani ɓangare na rigakafi da tsarin - da ci gaban rashin lafiyan halayen kamar fata rash, itching, kuma zai iya ci gaba photodermatitis bayar high insolation.

Daga cikin urinary tsarin - ci gaban da crystalluria.

A numfashi tsarin m faru na bronchospasm kuma da jijiyoyi - kaifi karu a jini, da qarancin ruwa da ci gaban dauki da cell hemostasis (a cikin nau'i na thrombocytopenia, da dai sauransu).

Hulda da sauran kwayoyi

fluoroquinolone kwayoyi ba su gudanar tare da antacids, kamar yadda wannan muhimmanci rage wa sha da bioavailability na maganin rigakafi. Ba da shawarar lokaci daya aikace-aikace "magani" da baƙin ƙarfe shirye-shirye, kazalika da kwayoyi da shafi aikin ayyuka na tsakiya m tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, akwai shaida game da sakamako na probenecid da cimetidine a kan tukar tumbi da miyagun ƙwayoyi (wadannan abubuwa ne iya rage kawar da kwayoyin).

Unambiguous nuni da miyagun ƙwayoyi interactions da levofloxacin ba. A ra'ayi na low metabolism da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin hanta nama da kuma rashin hulda da enzymes daga cikin rukuni na cytochrome P450 «magani" ba ya canja karshe aiki, amma duk da wannan, kamar sauran 'yan fluoroquinolone, da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata ba za a hade tare da kwayoyi teofilinovogo jerin da kuma kai tsaye ba anticoagulants, saboda wani yiwu karuwa a cikin taro a cikin jini.

Da yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokacin shayarwa

Don kwanan babu wani bayani game da ikon da miyagun ƙwayoyi a shiga cikin uwa tasa ta nono. Idan akwai wata larura da kwayoyin far a lokacin da nono-ciyar, zango na karshe ga lokacin da shawarar (tsawon lokaci ya dogara da tsanani daga kamuwa da cuta da kuma sa ran duration na kwayoyin magani). Idan dole domin ya kula lactation nuna lokaci-lokaci famfo ko dakatar lactation, gabã ɗaya, ta hanyar kiwon lafiya da wajen.

A cikin matsanancin, nono-ciyar da maganin rigakafi yana iya zama a cikin hadarin kima ga yaro da kuma mahaifiyarta.

Saki tsari da kuma sashi

"Magani" da aka samar a cikin biyu siffofin: for enteral da parenteral gwamnati. Domin baka gwamnati a can kwamfutar hannu tsari dauke da 250 ko 500 MG na da miyagun ƙwayoyi (daidai da karkashin cinikin sunayen "magani 250" da "500 magani"). Domin parenteral gwamnati samuwa jiko bayani.

"Magani" Allunan ake dauka 1-2 a rana sau da abinci ko a tsakanin ta hanyoyin ba ruwa, matse tare da isasshen ruwa. A taron na bukatar raba kashi a rabi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kwamfutar hannu iya karya a kan lakabin shiga kashi biyu.

Domin parenteral gwamnati, mafita ga allura ne samuwa tare da aiki sashi yawa na 500 MG / 100 ml na bayani ( "magani 500"). A cikin hali na igiyar jini allura, da gabatarwar da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka ba da sauri fiye for 1 hour.

m miƙa mulki ga kwamfutar hannu tsari bada shawarar bayan jiko gwamnati. Ana sa ran tsawon dogara da tsanani daga kamuwa da cuta da kuma ji na ƙwarai pathogenic microorganisms da kwayoyin. Far (ba tare da la'akari da irin gwamnati) suna karfafa ci gaba ga 3-4 kwanaki bayan daidaita yanayin jiki. Raba magani da kuma farkon karewa da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba da shawarar saboda babban hadarin da gefen halayen da kuma zai yiwu ci gaban juriya ga miyagun ƙwayoyi microflora.

tsõratar

Kafin far amfani da "magani" umurci manual obliges rike da samfurori da ake dasu iri ji na ƙwarai to miyagun ƙwayoyi. Duk da haka, tun m bakan da aikin, magani iya qaddamar ba tare da gudanar da samfurin, bi da tabbatar da dalilin da mafi tasiri miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Assigning wani magani "magani", musamman hankali ya kamata a biya ga bincike da nufin kimanta koda jini ya kwarara, tun da girma daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ne excreted ta hanyar da kodan shi. Lokacin da take hakki na da miyagun ƙwayoyi karshe kashi aiki bukatar a gyara daidai da yarda daga na ciki creatinine.

Jiko shiri nau'i ne tsananin haramta gauraye da mafita ga injections, wanda da wani alkaline dauki (sodium bicarbonate), da kuma tare da heparin. Domin manufar jiko dilutions rasvor "magani" jituwa tare da isotonic sodium chloride bayani, isotonic glucose bayani "ringers".

A lokacin liyafar, "magani" ya kamata kauce shan barasa, da cewa shi kara habaka da mai guba sakamako na levofloxacin a tsakiya m tsarin da kuma mafi pronounced bayyanuwar illa.

Idan, duk da haka, ya yanke shawarar a kan nasu su yi amfani da "magani", umarnin don amfani, analogues, ya kamata a duba a hankali, domin shi ne cikar bayanai da kuma dogaro da isasshen ilmi ne na shirye-shiryen da za su kauce wa blunders.

Storage da kuma samar da Pharmacy

Musamman ajiya yanayi da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba a bukata. Da aminci an tabbatar a yanayi zazzabi zuwa 25 digiri Celsius. Daga cikin "magani" Pharmacy (kwayoyin) sayen magani.

A lokacin da sayen wani samfurin shi ne cikakken zama dole su kula da mutunci da aminci da marufi, samar da kwanan wata da kuma shiryayye rai. Dole ne ya zama dole ba a wani akwatin na magani "magani" umurci manual. Allunan dole ne a high quality-marufi. Za ka iya duba tactile Feel shi (kamar yadda na iya ze m). Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mafi kuma mafi sau da yawa a cikin Pharmaceutical kasuwar akwai counterfeits da fakes, wanda a mafi kyau ba su iya samar da isasshen antibacterial sakamako lokacin dauka baki, kuma a mafi mũnin - sa mai tsanani illa. Saboda haka, samun da miyagun ƙwayoyi, kada ku kasance m tambayi harhaɗa magunguna game da kasancewar wani ingancin takardar shaidar, mai gaskatãwa ga asalin da miyagun ƙwayoyi, "magani" (Allunan). Umurnai na amfani (takardar sayen magani magani sayi) dole ne dauke da bayani game da asalin na kudi.

yawan abin sama

A cikin yanayin babu wani takamaiman maganin guba yawan abin sama. Symptomatology a wuce haddi na da kashi ne saboda yafi rinjayar da karshen kan aikin ayyuka na tsakiya m tsarin. A wannan yanayin akwai shafi tunanin mutum da rikice, drowsiness, juwa ko jiri, kuma cututtuka na zumudi na juyayi tsarin a cikin nau'i na psychosis, seizures, da sauransu.

Jiyya ne da nufin a m tukar tumbi da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Ganin high bioavailability da kuma rarraba da miyagun ƙwayoyi a ko'ina cikin jiki, hemodialysis detoxification hanyoyin su ne m. Wajibi ne a dakatar da kwarara daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin jiki da kuma gudanar da wani symptomatic magani.

Saboda babba kawar da "magani" da tacewa a koda glomeruli tasiri Hanyar detoxifying shi ne don amfani mai ruwa-ruwa da gishiri mafita da kuma jiko na diuretic kwayoyi madauki irin mataki.

Sharhi kan shirye-shiryen

M lura m martani a kan miyagun ƙwayoyi saboda ta high dace domin lura da cututtuka daban-daban na etiology. Kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin "magani" umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi reviews an bar ba kawai marasa lafiya, amma kuma likitoci, wanda ya lura ta high dace, har zuwa lura da nosocomial da nosocomial cututtuka.

Korau sake dubawa da kuma takaici miyagun ƙwayoyi bar a cikin babban marasa lafiya. Wannan shi ne saboda ci gaban da illa ko rashin amfani da "magani". Umarni, duk da haka, ya ba da wani sosai m bayanai don wannan samfurin. Korau sake dubawa ne saboda da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokuta inda shi ne m saboda ba sharadi na da bakan antibacterial mataki na wani da ake dasu kamuwa da cuta. Ya kamata a lura da cewa m ra'ayin sau da yawa bar marasa lafiya zuwa kai-medicate kuma dauki kai-nada, ko a kan shawarwarin na abokai ko "magani" abokai (wa'azi a lokaci guda ne sau da yawa watsi, wanda ba sosai shawarar). Korau feedback daga kiwon lafiya kwararru ne kusan ba ya lura. Wannan shi ne saboda da daidai da m amfani da magunguna (bayanai game da "magance 500" manual ƙunshi isasshen bayanai ga ta dace na amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi).

Drug analogues "magani"

Domin shirye-shiryen "magani" wa'azi analogs bayyana kamar haka: tun da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne a fluoroquinolone kwayoyin levofloxacin, high-sa analogues za a iya daukan kusan duk kwayoyi na irin wannan abun da ke ciki. ya kamata a lura da farko na dukkan "Levofloxacin", "Sol", "Swan", "Levoksimed" Daga cikin wadannan, kuma da yawa wasu. Domin "magani" (Allunan) User aikace-aikace na samar da analogs da kwayoyi kamar "Leflok", "Floksium" da sauransu.

ƙarshe

The aiki bangaren "magani" miyagun ƙwayoyi - wani kwayoyin levofloxacin. Shi ne mai kyau antibacterial wakili tare da m-bakan bactericidal sakamako. Saboda da low faru na illa da rashin juriya ga wani kwayoyin daban-daban kwayan damuwa, an samu nasarar amfani a asibiti yi "magani". Umurnai na amfani ba sosai m bayani game da ayyukan da miyagun ƙwayoyi.