Kwamfuta Kwamfuta: menene rootkit?

Yana da kyau ga masu amfani da kwakwalwa da Intanet. Ba su sani ba game da ma'anar kalmomin da cutar, Trojan, ɗan leƙen asiri tsutsa, rootkit, da dai sauransu Fiye da gaske, sun san irin waɗannan kalmomi, amma ba tare da kwakwalwa ba. Yanzu duk abin ya canza, kuma wannan shine kawai dutsen kankara na haɗari da ke jira mu da na'urorinmu. Babban ɓangare na matsalolin tsaro, kimanin kashi 50 a cikin kamfanoni, an halicce su ta rootkits. Bari mu yi kokarin gano abin da rootkit yake da kuma yadda za'a magance shi.

Tabbas, idan an shigar kwamfutarka a gida kuma yana aiki ne kawai don saduwa da bukatun mutum, to tabbas yana da sha'awa cewa yana da sha'awa ga masu bincike kuma suna so su shigar da wani kayan leken asiri a kanta ƙananan. Amma a yau yawancin masu amfani suna amfani da na'urori na kansu azaman kayan aiki na kudi: gudanar da asusu banki, kudi na lantarki da canja wurin kuɗi. Sabili da haka, haɗari yana ƙaruwa, kuma rootkit cutar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a ciki.

Duk da haka, menene rootkit? Kalmar nan ta fito ne daga harshen Turanci mai tushe, wanda ke nufin "samfurin kayan aiki don samun damar da ke kulawa." Kowane mai amfani da kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa wanda ba shi da ƙasa ya san cewa kowane tsarin aiki yana ƙayyade yiwuwar samun dama ga abubuwan da aka gyara. Kuma yana iya yin amfani kawai da sauya kundayen adireshi da fayilolin da basu shafar tsarin. Hukumomin cikakken akan OS shine mai gudanarwa. Yawanci daga wannan, ya zama bayyananne cewa masu amfani da masu amfani da marasa amfani ba su da sha'awar. Suna da sha'awar haƙƙin mai gudanarwa kuma suna yin duk abin da zasu iya samun su.

Bugu da ƙari, mu, da kuma masana'antun software, sukan taimakawa wannan. Yawancin shirye-shirye za a iya shigarwa kawai tare da haƙƙin gudanarwa, wanda shine abin da "mugun" mutane ke amfani da su, ajiye code mara kyau a cikin software, irin rootkits. Da zarar a cikin tsarin, suna iya sauke ayyukansa, suna rarraba. Ayyukan su suna kama da aiki mai sauƙi na ayyuka daban-daban. Suna kasancewa marar ganuwa, suna shigar da direbobi, wasu abubuwa, kama duk wani iko a kan tsarin da kuma aiwatar da ayyukan raguwa. A nan mun kasance kuma mun san abin da rootkit yake.

Don gano kwayar cutar rootkit, ana iya cire shi, amma don wannan dalili yana da kyawawa don amfani da software na musamman, tun da yake yawancin sanannun rigakafi suna da ɗalibai don kama wadannan malware, ba koyaushe ke aiki ba.

Masana da yawa akan kayan tsaro na kwamfuta don wannan dalili shine shirin kyauta Sophos Anti-Rootkit, wanda Sophos ya bunkasa. An yi nufi ne don ƙwanƙwasa masu karɓar waɗannan sigogi na code mara kyau. Bayan shigar da shi, za mu fara da gudanar da cikakken bincike na kundayen adireshi, don haka babu shakka game da kasancewa / babu kwari a cikin tsarin. An bada shawarar cewa kayi wannan a kai a kai. Lokacin da aka gano rootkit, maɓallin tsaftacewa yana duba, wanda muke hallaka abokin gaba. Kamar kowane irin wannan software, wannan shirin bai bada garantin 100% ba, amma a hade tare da wasu na'urorin anti-virus yana samar da kariya ga kayan aiki na kwamfuta.

Bayan da muka yanke shawara game da abin da ake nufi da tushen, mun bayyana cewa akwai hanyar da za mu magance wannan cuta. Idan kana so, za ka iya samun wasu shirye-shiryen, duka biya da kyauta. Amma babban abu shi ne ya zama mai hankali lokacin da kake tafiya a Intanet!