Kalubale ga mafita da kuma hanyoyin warware su

Warware matsaloli a cikin mafita shi ne wani muhimmin sashe na sunadarai shakka a cikin zamani makaranta. Domin da yawa yara, akwai wasu matsaloli a dauke da fitar da lissafin hade da rashin ideas game da aiki jerin. Nazari wasu sharuddan da cewa sun hada da mafita daga matsalar a cikin sunadarai, kuma misalai na shirye-sanya mafita.

A kashi taro

Ɗawainiya unsa da shiri da kuma yanke shawara rabbai. Ganin cewa irin wannan taro da aka bayyana a cikin sassan da nauyi, yana yiwuwa domin sanin abun ciki na wani abu a cikin bayani.

Ya ce awo ne mai gwada yawa halayyar da samarwa warware matsalar. Dangane da irin aikin, shi wajibi ne domin sanin wani sabon taro na sha'awa, yin lissafi da taro na al'amari zuwa lissafi da girma na bayani.

A matauni taro

Wasu matsaloli a maida hankali mafita suna hade da tabbatar da dalilin da adadin abu a wani juz'i daga sauran ƙarfi. A raka'a wannan darajar ne mole / l.

A manhaja saitin wannan irin faruwa ne kawai a manyan makaranta matakin.

Musamman ayyuka a kan mafita

Ga wasu mafita ga matsalar da sunadarai da yanke shawarar nuna da jerin ayyuka a lõkacin da parsing. Don fara, mun lura cewa, yana yiwuwa ya sa zane don gane matakai da aka bayyana a cikin yanayin karatu. Idan so, wanda zai iya zana aiki da wani tebur a cikin abin da na farko da ake so yawa suna tsĩrar.

makasudin 1

A jirgin ruwa dauke da 5 lita na 15% bayani na gishiri, zuba bakwai lita na ruwa. Ƙayyade da yawan taro na dũkiyõyinsu a cikin sabon bayani.

A don ƙayyade da ake so darajar, denoted da X. A wani gwada yawa rabo lissafi da abun ciki na dũkiyõyinsu a cikin na farko da bayani idan 5 yawaita ta 0,15, mun samu 0.75 grams.

Next mu lissafi da nauyin da sabon bayani, ba cewa zuba a cikin 7 lita na ruwa, da kuma samu 12 grams.

Samun abun ciki yawan gishiri a cikin bayani dangane da tabbatar da dalilin da wannan darajar, mu samu: (0.75: 12) x 100% = 6,25%

Wani misali aiki hade da yin amfani da lissafin da ilmin lissafi rabo.

aiki 2

Nawa jan da nauyi ya kamata a kara wani yanki na tagulla da ciwon nauyi na 8 kg, dauke da kashi 13 m karfe, don kara yawan jan zuwa 25%.

Irin matsalolin a mafita buƙaci farko ƙayyade da taro na m jan karfe a cikin na farko gami. Za ka iya amfani da ilmin lissafi rabo. A sakamakon haka ne cewa, taro ne: 8 x 0.13 = 1.04 kg

Take a so darajar for x (grams), alhãli kuwa da sabon gami da muka samu da darajar (1.04 + x) kilo. Express da nauyin da sakamakon gami, mun samu: (8 + x) kilo.

Matsalar daga karfe abun ciki a cikin kaso a cikin sabon gami shi ne 25 da cent, zai iya haifar da wani ilmin lissafi lissafi.

Daban-daban da mafita ga matsalar hada da gwajin abubuwa don tabbatar da matakin na sanin magana goma sha azuzuwan. Ga wasu daga cikin yanayi da kuma yanke shawara na ayyuka irin wannan.

aiki 3

Ƙayyade girma (a karkashin al'ada yanayi) na gas wanda aka tattara bayan gwamnatin 0.3 mol tsantsa aluminum a 160 ml na dumi 20% potassium hydroxide bayani (1.19 g / ml).

A jerin lissafin a cikin wannan matsala:

1. Da farko sanin nauyin da mafita.
2. Next lissafi da adadin Alkali.
3. A sigogi samu suna idan aka kwatanta da juna, da karancin aka ƙaddara. M lissafin da za'ayi a kan abu, dauka a kasa yawa.
4. Rubuta wani lissafi ga abin da ke faruwa dauki tsakanin fara kayan, mun gabatar da stereochemical coefficients. Mun yi lissafi a cikin lissafi.

Weight amfani da aiki Alkali bayani ne 160 x 1.19 = 190.4 g

Weight na abu zai zama 38,08 grams. The adadin Alkali dauka - 0,68 mole. A cikin yanayin jihohi da cewa adadin aluminum 0.3 mol, Saboda haka a yanzu rashin wannan musamman karfe.

M lissafin gudanar da shi a kanta. Sai dai itace cewa da gas girma zai zama 0.3 x 67.2 / 2 = 10.08 lita.

Kalubale ga mafita daga irin wannan digiri sa matsakaicin abin kunya. A dalilin neotrabotannosti mataki jerin, kazalika da in babu kafa ideas game da ainihin ilmin lissafi lissafin.

aiki 4

Matsaloli game da "bayani" iya hada da definition da tsarki abu a wata qaddara yawan impurities. Ga wani misali na irin wannan aiki ga mutane ba bayyana matsaloli a aiwatar.

Lissafi da girma na gas samu a karkashin mataki na mayar da hankali sulfuric acid a 292,5 g na gishiri da 20% impurities.

Da jerin ayyuka:

1. Ganin cewa a cikin matsalar tana nufin gaban kashi 20 cikin dari na impurities, shi ne zama dole domin ayyana da abun ciki na abu da nauyi (80%).
2. Umurci sinadaran dauki lissafi, za mu gabatar da stereochemical coefficients. Kudaden da ake kashewa samo asali gas girma lissafi amfani da matauni girma.

Weight na abu, kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa akwai impurities samu 234 grams. Kuma a lokacin ƙidãyar wannan lissafi, za mu samu cewa ƙarfi ne, sunã daidaita da 89,6 lita.

makasudin 5

Abin da sauran siffofin a cikin makaranta manhaja a cikin sunadarai matsala a kan mafita? Ga wani misali aiki hade tare da bukatar yin lissafi da taro na samfur.

Gubar sulfide (II), da ciwon nauyi na 95,6 g, an mayar da martani da 300 milliliters wata 30% bayani na hydrogen peroxide (yawa 1,1222 g / ml). A dauki samfurin ne (a cikin grams) ...

A hanya domin warware matsalar:

1. Abubuwa Solutions fassara ta hanyar rabbai a nauyi.
2. Next, mun ƙayyade yawan kowane fara bangaren.
3. Bayan kwatanta sakamakon samu, mu zabi da abu wanda ake dauka a kasa yawa.
4. Lissafi da aka za'ayi daidai bisa ga abu dauki a cikin korau.
5. Daidaita sinadaran hulda da lissafi da nauyin unknown abu.

Lissafta da peroxide bayani, shi ya 336,66 grams. Weight na abu zai dace 100,99 grams. Lissafta yawan moles, shi zai zama 2,97. gubar sulfide ne 95,6 / 239 = 0,4 mol (kunshe ne a cikin rashin).

Daidaita sinadaran hulda. Ƙayyade bisa ga makirci da kuma samu da ake so darajar 121,2 grams.

aiki 6

Nemo gas yawa (mol) wanda za a iya shirya ta thermal annealing, 5,61 kg na baƙin ƙarfe sulfide (II), da ciwon tsarki na 80%.

hanya:

1. Mun lissafta net nauyin FeS.
2. Rubuta lissafi sunadarai dauki da na yanayi oxygen. Dauke da fitar da lissafin ga dauki.

By tsarki abu nauyi zai zama 4488, yawan na gano bangaren shi ne 51 lita.

Target 7

Na 134,4 lita (NTP) da sulfur oxide (4) bayani da aka shirya. Don shi Hakama 1.5 lita 25% bayani daga sodium hydroxide (1.28 g / ml). Ƙayyade da nauyin da sakamakon gishiri.

A lissafi algorithm:

1. Muna sa ran nauyi Alkali bayani bisa ga dabara.
2. Mun sami nauyi da kuma yawan moles na sodium hydroxide.
3. Lissafta wannan adadin sulfur oxide (4).
4. A rabo na samu index ne m da abun da ke ciki na gishiri kafa, ayyana hasara. A lissafin da aka yi a kan korau.
5. Rubuta sunadarai dauki da coefficients lissafi wani sabon nauyi ga rashin gishiri.

A sakamakon haka, muna samun:

• adadin Alkali bayani 1171.875 grams.
• da nauyi na sodium hydroxide yi 292,97 grams.
• a moles na abu dauke 7,32 mol.
• irin wannan hali da yin lissafi da sulfur oxide (4), za mu sami 6 mol.
• nufin gishiri za a kafa da hulda.
• Mun samu 756 grams.

Target 8

Don 100 grams na 10% bayani daga ammonium chloride Hakama 100 g na wani 10% bayani na azurfa nitrate. Ƙayyade da nauyi (a cikin grams) precipitate.

A lissafi algorithm:

1. Mun lissafta da taro da kuma adadin abu na ammonium chloride.
2. Muna sa ran nauyi da kuma adadin gishiri abubuwa - azurfa nitrate.
3. Tantance abin da na fara kayan da aka dauka a kasa yawa, yi lissafin kanta.
4. Rubuta Jadawalin dauki abin da ke faruwa, za mu gudanar da wani lissafi na laka taro.

Holrida ammonium nauyi ne 10 g, da yawan - 0,19 mole. Azurfa nitrate aka dauka 10 grams, cewa shi ne 0,059 mole. A cikin lissafin nedosttaku samu 8,46 grams na gishiri taro.

To jimre da wuya ayyuka, wanda aka miƙa a karshe a tara da goma sha ɗaya sa (a cikin kudi neogranicheskoy sunadarai), dole ne ka mallaki cikin lissafi mai tsauri da kuma samun wasu kwamfuta basira. Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci a mallaki fasahar jawo sama da sinadaran lissafai, don su iya kafa rates a cikin tsari.

Ba tare da wadannan asali basira, har ma ya fi sauki aiki domin sanin yawan taro na dũkiyõyinsu a cikin bayani ko cakuda za ze digiri na biyu da wuya da kuma tsanani gwajin.