Janar Diamonds (Grishin-Almazov Alexei): biography. Siberian Army. fari motsi

Aleksey Nikolaevich Almazov aka haife Nuwamba 24, 1880 a Tambov daraja iyali. Mahaifinsa wani jami'in (a collegiate sakataren). Sabanin wannan misali, ɗan yanke shawarar ya ke e kansa ga sojojin. Ya fara karatu a Voronezh-Mikhailovsky yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps, sa'an nan sauke karatu daga Mikhailovsky harbi School a 1902. Duk wannan lokaci bai riga ya faru, Janar Diamonds sa ya real name Grishin.

Rasha-Japanese yaki

A hafsa matashi da aka ba su rasa daga rasit na jami'in rank. A shekara ta 1904, da Rasha-Japanese yaki. Alexei Grishin ya a sabis a Manchuria. A mafi tsanani a cikin Japan yakin ga shi ya yakin Liaoyang (Agusta 24 - Satumba 3, 1904).

Sojojin Rasha kokarin canja Port Arthur, amma bayan da ya maye a kan tsaron gida. Liaoyang game da su kai hari da Japan sojojin. Alexei Grishin yana daga cikin fiye da dubu 100 compatriots, sun hau a cikin hanyar makiya. Kazamin yaƙi ya kai ga nauyi asarar a garesu, amma Rasha hart a koma baya.

A kan fronts na farko Duniya

Bayan ƙarshen Rasha-Japanese yaki, nan gaba White Guard Janar zauna a kan gabashin kan iyakar kasar. Domin shekaru shida ya yi aiki a cikin Amur Soja District da kuma kulawan horo bincike tawagar poring kan Amur yankin da kuma Ussuri yankin.

Wanda ya fara a 1914. A yakin duniya na farko ya tilasta wa barin Grishina zama gida a wani wuri, domin shi. A farko, ya bayar da wata mahada zuwa 5th Siberian Army Corps da kuma ya adjutant da shugaban wannan babban connection. A Afrilu 1915 Grishina sanya wani kyaftin. A lokacin da ya zo ga umarnin da baturin da manyan bindigogi bataliya. The jami'in da hannu a tsaron gida, kuma m ayyukan. Ya samu da yawa lambobin yabo da karrama, ciki har da George Cross, wadda aka bayar da kyaftin bayan aikace-aikace na da kansa sojoji.

1917 th

By juyin juya halin Grishin-Almazov Alexei ya riga wani Laftanar Kanar. A lokacin da na wucin gwamnatin, ya kiyaye da lambobi tare da Socialist-yunkuri (ko da yake ba da hannu a cikin jam'iyyar) da bayyane saɓa wa Bolsheviks. Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, jami'in tunãtar matsayinsa - ya aka fitar daga cikin sojojin.

White motsi ya dauka a da darajõji hambararren Grishina. Da farko ya kasance a cikin gudummuwar Army, yayin da Janar Mikhail Alekseev bai aiko shi zuwa Siberia ga kungiyar na cikin karkashin kasa anti-Bolshevik ayyukan. The jami'in tsaya ƙaddamar sunansa - yanzu ya zama sananne a matsayin lu'u-lu'u.

A cikin karkashin kasa

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1918, Janar fadi Diamonds a West Siberian Commissariat na wucin gwamnatin, wanda ya tsaya a kai na soja hedkwatar. A cikin makonni na cikin karkashin kasa aiki ya kafa sa na fari Kwayoyin a garuruwa daban-daban daga Kansk zuwa Omsk. Tare da Almazov Siberia tafiya Socialist Revolutionary Pavel Mikhailov, wanda har sai da aka zabe ta soke da majalisar da aka kafa.

A jami'an 'kungiyar adawa da Bolsheviks, sun kasance a wani zama ruwan dare da kuma m. Janar Diamonds yi dangane da hadin gwiwa tsakanin su. A mafi wuya bangare na wannan aiki ya samu jayayya siyasa da kuma soja ra'ayi: wanda tare tallafawa karkashin kasa motsi, wanda dalĩli su yi biyayya. Wani wuri a baya, amma wani wuri miƙa, Almazov gudanar ya hadu da sau da yawa sun yi tsayayya da juna cell. Duk wannan lokaci Bolsheviks farauta da shi, amma yadda ba su yi kokarin farautar saukar, kama karkashin kasa ma'aikacin da kasa. A duk lokacin da kwamishinoni tafi a kan sawu, ya tsere daga KGB.

A shugaban na Siberian sojojin

A shekarar 1918, duk da Farin motsi a Siberia, kawai jiran da sigina don fara lokacin da o arin da na anti-Bolshevik magana? A impetus ga shi kuwa, da haddin shari'a na Czechoslovak Corps. Bayan koyo daga cikin rashin kunya, Janar Grishin-Almazov umarci dukan karkashin kasa da kungiyoyin sarrafawa da shi zuwa tawaye Soviet iko. May 28, 1918 wani jami'in zama kwamandan da West Siberian Soja District da kuma nuna goyon baya ga Czechs. Yana kaddamar da wani farmakin a kan dukkan fronts.

A cikin watan Yuni, an halitta wucin Siberian gwamnatin, da kuma Amirul Siberian sojojin zama mafi kuma ministan War. Diamond ya bayyana ƙwarai Oganeza. Ya gabatar a cikin sojojin m horo, ya sanya ta ita da wani iko da karfi da iya ba kawai daidai da hari na Red Army, amma kuma don zuwa West kadai.

m Oganeza

By rani na 1918 a karkashin umurnin Almazov shi ya riga 60 dubu mutane. Tare da Czechoslovak rabo sojojin gaba daya barrantar daga Siberia Bolsheviks. Yanzu White ne shirye su tafi a cikin Volga yankin, sa'an nan zo Moscow.

Kokarin kara ƙara girman da sojojin, AN Grishin-Almazov ki daga baya son rai da daukar ma'aikata da kuma fara kurtu a kan wani roko da jaddada baƙauye yanayi. Ba kamar da sojoji suka yi yãƙi, a kan fronts na farko World, 'yan kyauyen kasance ba haka ba sosai saukin kamuwa zuwa Bolshevik farfaganda. Lokaci ya nuna cewa Diamonds dauki mafi kyau bayani na duk. A cikin fall na 1918 Siberian Army ya karu da 175 da mutane dubu.

murabus

Daga siyasa ra'ayi, Diamonds zauna a monarchist da kuma goyon bayan da karfi Karkasa dalĩli. Akwai lokuta idan ta wurin domin a cikin sojojin ya yi aikin take "Allah Ajiye da Tsar!", Ko da yake irin wannan tunanin sun bad hali. A gwamnati kullum aka bar, yayin da janar yi imani da cewa Socialist-Revolutionary taken na utopian dimokuradiyya a wani yakin basasa taso kawai ba m. Wannan ra'ayi mai karfi ƙi ministoci da Samara Komuch.

Janar Diamonds yana cikin wani bangare na White motsi, wanda bai son tsangwama daga waje sãshensu waliyyai a cikin yakin basasa a Rasha. Ya ba su yi shakka jayayya da Birtaniya jakadan, da nuna cewa shi ba ya bukatar taimakon Birtaniya. Alexei ya sosai daban-daban daga cikin abokan aiki a gwamnati. Ya rikici da wasu ministocin da suka kai ga murabus na Janar, wanda ya faru Satumba 5, 1918.

Wife Alexey Almazov

Shakka daga cikin Social yunkuri sanya Almazov bar Siberia, kuma Ka riskar da sa kai sojojin Anton Denikin, wanda sarrafa a kudancin Rasha. Kafin barin, general bar Omsk matarsa Maria Alexandrovna (haife Zakharov). Ta zama abokai da ƙaunataccen Kolchaka cũtar Timirevoy da kuma shiga ciki da'irar Rasha Mamallakin.

Almazov matar zauna a cikin Omsk har da fitarwa na fari birni. Maria Alexandrovna tafi gabas a kan jirgin kasa na Kolchak. A farkon 1920, ta aka kama a karfi a Irkutsk Polittsentr pro-Soviet. Almazov ya a kurkuku, da kuma halarta da kwanaki na arshe na rayuwa Kolchak. A yarinya da aka yi sa'a - ta amnestied da ya iya motsawa zuwa kasar Sin, inda ya buga nasu memoirs. Tare da mata Almazov bai gani.

A kudu

A Ekaterinodar, inda ya kasance Denikin, Alexey Almazov aka aiko zuwa Romanian birnin Iasi. Akwai taro da aka gudanar tare da halartar wakilan da Entente kasashe da wakilai na White motsi. A wannan taron, general karanta mai girma rahoton a kan halin da ake ciki a Siberian yankin.

A marigayi 1918, Alexey ya da soja gwamnan Odessa. A lokacin ziyararsa a birnin ne da aka sani da dama memoirs na Sahaban, ciki har da memoirs "La'ananne Days" Nobel Prize lashe Ivan Bunin. Janar sake gudanar ya shirya wani sabon soja da karfi, wanda a hannu daya, sun yi tsayayya da Bolsheviks, da kuma a kan sauran - buga daga birnin Ukrainian Nationalists.

Odessa Soja Gwamna

Odessa Aleksey Almazov tuna a matsayin mai wuya kai, fatattaka saukar da walƙiya gudun daga duk wani barazana ga ikon. Domin wannan, da kuma daga cikin Bolsheviks, kuma daga gare fata, yana da suna a matsayin fir'auna. Sai aka kira shi da mai kasada kuma idan aka kwatanta da m Napoleon. A lokaci guda, da lu'u-lu'u kanta karfi da nuna biyayyarsu ga kwamandan a manyan gudummuwar Army of Denikin.

Mai tsanani da ciwon kai soja gwamnan ya zama ba kawai Bolsheviks, amma kuma masu laifi, da suke musamman yawa a tashar jiragen ruwa na Odessa. Odessa laifi shugaban a lokacin shi ne shahararren ɗan fashi Mishka Jap. Ya adawa da Almazov kai ga dama a samu nasara a general. Fafitikar da laifi, da soja gwamnan ba su yi shakka koma ga kisan da ta'addanci a yanzu. A wannan rabo a fadi zuwa cikin Bolsheviks, ga abin da lu'u-lu'u ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muni Figures a dukan White motsi.

Last manufa

A Odessa Almazov adadi ba ya dace da yawa. A watan Maris shekara ta 1919 da ya gabata daga mukaminshi, kuma a wannan rana bar birnin. A kau da uncontrolled janar na Faransa hukuma nace cewa a wancan lokacin a zahiri da aka gudanar a birnin a hannuwansu. Kamar mako biyu baki gaggauta kwashe daga Odessa, ya bar shi defenseless kafin Red Army da kuma Ukrainian 'yan tawayen. Ba da da ewa da aka kama birnin da a kananan detachment na ataman Nikifor Grigoriev.

A halin yanzu, Janar Diamonds koma ga gudummuwar Army. Anton Denikin aiko shi a kai na tawagar Alexander Kolchak, 'yan watanni da suka wuce, ayyana kansa babban mai mulkin Rasha. A kudu, a Almazov yana da wani gauraye suna. Siberia ne inda soja ya m, ya aka hade tare da nasarar da farko lokacin da yakin basasa. Bugu da kari, da Janar iya jira ba don samun koma matarsa.

Hanyar detachment na 41 mutane sun ratsa ta cikin Caspian Sea. White ba tare da aukuwar lamarin ya shiga jirgin ruwa a kan jirgin ruwan "Layla", yayin da su jirgin ruwa da aka intercepted kusa Fort Alexander ta (yau Fort-Shevchenko, Kazakhstan). The kananan jirgin ya daya a kan daya tare da horar da kyau hallakarwa "Karl Liebknecht", a kwamitin da aka shirya don kai farmaki m da adadin Red Army na Denikin.

Aleksey Almazov, farga da rashin bege na halin da ake ciki da kuma ba so da za a gudanar da fursuna da abokan gaba, harbin da kansa da kansa gun. Kamar wancan ƙare da rai na daya daga cikin mafi m soja shugabannin White motsi. A cikin Tarayyar Soviet Diamonds ya zama mai haskakewa a misali na janar m-tanƙwasawa da wani mummunan hali a da yawa ayyukan art.